Multifocal Oligodendroglioma in Three Dogs

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. e77-e85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W. Koch ◽  
Melissa D. Sánchez ◽  
Sam Long
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Seizure Activity ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
Neurologic Examination ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Histopathologic Evaluation ◽  
And Behavior

This report describes the clinical, histopathologic, and imaging findings of multifocal oligodendrogliomas from three canine patients. Clinical history varied but included seizure activity and behavior changes. Neurologic examination abnormalities included ataxia, proprioceptive deficits, cranial nerve deficits, and changes in mentation. MRI in one patient revealed multifocal brain lesions; however, the MRI was normal in another one of the patients. Histopathologic evaluation identified multifocal neoplastic infiltrates in all three patients involving the cerebral cortex, brainstem, and spinal cord, with leptomeningeal extension in two of the three patients. All three patients were euthanized due to progression of their neurologic condition and/or complications due to aspiration pneumonia. Oligodendrogliomas should be considered a differential diagnosis for patients with multifocal brain disease.

scholarly journals Urachal Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report with Key Imaging Findings and Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willian Schmitt ◽  
Marta Baptista ◽  
Marco Ferreira ◽  
António Gomes ◽  
Ana Germano
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Lesion Location ◽  
Patient Demographics ◽  
Pathologic Correlation ◽  
Associated Symptoms ◽  
History Of ◽  
Urachal Adenocarcinoma

Urachal pathologies are rare and can mimic numerous abdominal and pelvic diseases. Differential diagnosis of urachal anomalies can be narrowed down by proper assessment of lesion location, morphology, imaging findings, patient demographics, and clinical history. We report a case of a 60-year-old male, with a history of unintentional weight loss without associated symptoms, who was diagnosed with locally invasive urachal adenocarcinoma. With this article, we pretend to emphasize urachal adenocarcinoma clinical features along with its key imaging findings with radiologic-pathologic correlation.

Causes and diagnosis of unconsciousness

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert D. Stevens ◽  
Joshua Kornbluth
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Loss Of Consciousness ◽  
Neurologic Examination ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Environmental Stimuli ◽  
Generalized Seizures ◽  
Neuronal Systems

Changes in consciousness are seen in a range of physiological and pathological settings including sleep, anaesthesia, brain lesions, metabolic disturbances, and complex partial or generalized seizures. In neurobiological terms, consciousness may be viewed as having an arousal dimension and an awareness dimension phenotypically expressed as the capacity to respond to self or environmental stimuli. Loss of consciousness is associated with lesions that disrupt neuronal systems in the brainstem and diencephalon that mediate arousal or thalamocortical or corticocortical systems that mediate awareness. As there are many causes of unconsciousness, a timely and focused history and neurologic examination are critical to defining the differential diagnosis.

scholarly journals Presumptive acute non-compressive nucleus pulposus extrusion in 11 cats: clinical features, diagnostic imaging findings, treatment and outcome

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances E Taylor-Brown ◽  
Steven De Decker
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Diagnostic Imaging ◽  
Nucleus Pulposus ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
External Trauma

Objectives The aim of the study was to describe the clinical features, diagnostic imaging findings, treatment and outcome in cats diagnosed with presumptive acute non-compressive nucleus pulposus extrusion. Methods Medical records and imaging studies of cats diagnosed with presumptive acute non-compressive nucleus pulposus extrusion were retrospectively reviewed. Information on long-term outcome was acquired from patient records and from either owners or referring veterinary surgeons via a telephone questionnaire. Results Eleven cats met the inclusion criteria. All cats had a peracute onset of clinical signs, with eight cats experiencing witnessed (n = 6) or suspected (n = 2) external trauma based on imaging findings. Neuroanatomical localisation included C1–C5 (n = 1), T3–L3 (n = 7) and L4–S3 (n = 3) spinal cord segments. MRI revealed acute non-compressive nucleus pulposus extrusions located at C3–C4 (n = 1), T12–T13 (n = 1), T13–L1 (n = 1), L1–L2 (n = 1), L3–L4 (n = 3), L4–L5 (n = 1) and L5–L6 intervertebral disc spaces (n = 3). Treatment included supportive care and 10 cats were discharged with a median hospitalisation time of 10 days (range 3–26 days). One cat was euthanased during hospitalisation owing to complications unrelated to neurological disease. All cats that presented as non-ambulatory regained an ambulatory status with the median time to ambulation of 17 days (range 6–21 days). Overall, the outcome for cats diagnosed with acute non-compressive nucleus pulposus extrusion was successful, with almost 90% returning to ambulation with urinary and faecal continence. Conclusions and relevance The majority of cats diagnosed with acute non-compressive nucleus pulposus extrusion had good outcomes. Acute non-compressive nucleus pulposus extrusion should be considered as a differential diagnosis for cats presenting with peracute onset of spinal cord dysfunction, particularly if there is a clinical history or evidence of trauma.

scholarly journals Rapidly Progressive Paraplegia in an 11-Year-Old Girl: A Case of Spinal Cord Infarction and Expected Imaging Findings

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 2329048X2098129
Author(s):  
Bryan J. Neth ◽  
Angela L. Hewitt ◽  
Wendy S. Edlund ◽  
Julie B. Guerin ◽  
Marc C. Patterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Spinal Cord Infarction ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Current State

Rapidly progressive non-traumatic paraplegia in a child is uncommonly encountered in clinical practice, but is an important presentation to consider given the potential for significant morbidity. We present the case of an 11-year-old girl who was found to have hyperacute paraplegia due to spinal cord infarction. We discuss the appropriate workup, differential diagnosis in children and how this relates to adults; and describe the prognosis and current state of management options for spinal cord infarction.

Peritoneal disease: key imaging findings that help in the differential diagnosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuno M F Campos ◽  
Luis Curvo Semedo ◽  
Vânia Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Peritoneal Carcinomatosis ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Peritoneal Disease ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Peritoneal Tumor ◽  
Solid Lesions ◽  
Tumor Like Lesions ◽  
Pathologic Processes

The peritoneum is a unique serosal membrane, which can be the site of primary tumors and, more commonly, secondary pathologic processes. Peritoneal carcinomatosis is the most common malignant process to affect the peritoneal cavity, and the radiologist plays an important role in making the diagnosis and assessing the extent of disease, especially in sites that may hinder surgery. In this review we address the role of the radiologist in the setting of peritoneal pathology, focusing on peritoneal carcinomatosis as this is the predominant malignant process, followed by revising typical imaging findings that can guide the differential diagnosis. We review the most frequent primary and secondary peritoneal tumor and tumor-like lesions, proposing a systemic approach based on clinical history and morphological appearance, namely distinguishing predominantly cystic from solid lesions, both solitary and multiple.

scholarly journals Retrospective study of 37 Cavalier King Charles Spaniel dogs diagnosed with Chiari-like malformation and Syringomyelia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-164
Author(s):  
Cătălina Anca Cucoș ◽  
Radu Constantinescu ◽  
Ateș Barut ◽  
Iuliana Ionașcu ◽  
Constantin Vlăgioiu
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Cavalier King Charles Spaniel ◽  
Thoracic Spinal

Abstract Chiari-like malformation represents a congenital anomaly that affects the bony cranial base and the hindbrain, leading to fluid filled cavities formation in the spinal cord, condition named Syringomyelia. This paper aims to assess the variety of the clinical signs and to evaluate the magnetic resonance imaging findings in thirty- seven Cavalier King Charles Spaniel dogs. The study was performed over a four-year period, from 2013 to 2017, all cases underwent neurological examination, full diagnostic work-up, including magnetic resonance imaging scans of the brain, cervical and upper thoracic spinal cord. Thirty-seven dogs were included in this study, 23 females and 14 males, with a mean age of 3.6±2.1years. The commonest clinical findings encountered were neuropathic pain and vocalization, seen in all 37 cases, followed by scratching, facial rubbing, paw licking, air licking, tail chasing, seizures and unilateral facial paralysis. Different grades of cerebellar herniation and cervical syrinxes were noted in all cases, other magnetic resonance imaging findings encountered were medullary kinking, presyrinx and ventriculomegaly. In establishing the diagnosis of the Chiari-like malformation and Syringomyelia, the breed, clinical history and the symptomatology are very important, but only magnetic resonance imaging technique can provide quantitative assessment of the nervous system lesions.

MR Imaging Findings of Pineal Germinoma: Focus on Differential Diagnosis from Other Germ Cell Tumors

1998 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 639
Author(s):  
Hyun Jin Kim ◽  
Ho Kyu Lee ◽  
Jae Kyun Kim ◽  
Ji Hoon Shin ◽  
Choong Gon Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Pineal Germinoma

scholarly journals Primary breast tuberculosis: imaging findings of a rare disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali H. Baykan ◽  
Hakan S. Sayiner ◽  
Ibrahim Inan ◽  
Elcin Aydin ◽  
Sukru M. Erturk
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Rare Disease ◽  
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Malignant Diseases ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Granulomatous Mastitis ◽  
Rare Form ◽  
Breast Tuberculosis

AbstractBreast tuberculosis is a rare form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis which tends to affect females of reproductive age, and is much rarer in males, postmenopausal women, and pre-pubescent girls. It is difficult to diagnose because it can mimic benign conditions such as a fibroadenoma, as well as malignant diseases like a carcinoma. It is also particularly difficult to distinguish breast tuberculosis from granulomatous mastitis, so other possible diagnoses should be ruled out first. The diagnosis of breast tuberculosis has three essential pillars: clinical examination, radiological evaluations, and histopathological sampling. Radiological evaluations are not only critical in diagnosis but are also important in the planning of the treatment and during the follow-up. This paper aims to review the imaging findings and the differential diagnosis of breast tuberculosis.

scholarly journals Active Game-Based Solutions for the Treatment of Childhood Obesity

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1266
Author(s):  
Carina S. González-González ◽  
Nazaret Gómez del Río ◽  
Pedro A. Toledo-Delgado ◽  
Francisco José García-Peñalvo
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Video Games ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
Active Video Games ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Active Video ◽  
Life Habits ◽  
And Behavior

Obesity is one of the biggest health problems globally that, together with sedentarism, requires solutions that increase the enthusiasm towards physical activity. Therefore, this paper describes two solutions based on active games using the Kinect sensor and biometric sensors, designed for the outpatient treatment of childhood obesity. The solutions were applied in an intervention program based on active video games and motor games, developed with children in treatment for childhood obesity. An ad hoc questionnaire was used to assess the level of satisfaction, fun, learning, and behavior changes in the children of the experimental group that developed the intervention. The results showed a high index of satisfaction with the intervention program, as well as with the games developed. It is concluded that active video games and group games are highly motivating and can promote behavior change towards healthier life habits in children.

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