Prevalence of syphilis, HIV and toxoplasmosis in prenatal screening in the population of the northern region of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Introduction: There is a need for studies to know the real situation and outline measures to guarantee a reduction in the rates of pregnant women diagnosed with HIV, Syphilis and Toxoplasmosis. Objective: To determine the prevalence of Syphilis, HIV and toxoplasmosis in puerperal women assisted at the largest public maternity hospital in Campos dos Goytacazes in 2016. Methods: Cross-sectional study, using secondary data from the puerperal women assisted at the largest maternity hospital in the northern region of the State of Rio de Janeiro, in the year 2016. Results: There were 970 puerperal women, with a prevalence of HIV, Syphilis and Toxoplasmosis in pregnancy of 1.6, 2.7 and 2%, respectively. Most pregnant women were diagnosed at delivery due to low serological coverage during pregnancy. Conclusion: The high prevalence of Syphilis, HIV and Toxoplasmosis in pregnancy requires efficient prenatal care for its identification and approach.

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Determinants of gestational night blindness in pregnant women from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980015001846 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 851-860 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Cláudia Saunders ◽

Maria do Carmo Leal ◽

Paulo Augusto Ribeiro Neves ◽

Patricia de Carvalho Padilha ◽

Letícia Barbosa Gabriel da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Night Blindness ◽

Maternity Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Postpartum Women ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Group I ◽

History Of ◽

Nutritional Monitoring

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the prevalence and determinants of gestational night blindness in pregnant women receiving care in a hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.DesignCross-sectional study of pregnant and postpartum women receiving care in a public hospital in Rio de Janeiro from 1999 to 2001 (group I; n 225) or from 2005 to 2008 (group II; n 381). Night blindness was identified through a standardized and validated interview (WHO, 1996). The determinants of gestational night blindness were identified through a hierarchical logistic regression model.SettingPublic maternity hospital in Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.SubjectsAdult pregnant and postpartum women (n 606), aged ≥20 years.ResultsThe prevalence of gestational night blindness was 9·9 %. The final model revealed that not living in the South Zone of Rio de Janeiro (distal level: adjusted OR=1·846; 95 % CI 1·002, 3·401), belonging to group I (intermediate level: adjusted OR=2·183; 95 % CI 1·066, 4·471) and for the proximal level, having a history of abortion (adjusted OR=2·840; 95 % CI 1·134, 7·115) and having anaemia during the first and second trimesters of pregnancy (adjusted OR=3·776; 95 % CI 1·579, 9·029) were determinants of gestational night blindness.ConclusionGestational night blindness should be assessed for during the prenatal care of all pregnant women, especially those living in deprived areas of the city and/or who have a history of abortion or anaemia. Nutritional monitoring is recommended during pregnancy to control gestational night blindness.

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The Project Appropriate Birth and Reduction of Cesarean Section Rates: an analysis using the Robson classification system

10.22541/au.161351537.75467660/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Daniela Ferreira D’Agostini Marin ◽

Amanda Wernke ◽

Daniela Dannehl ◽

Dyulie Araujo ◽

Gustavo Koch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Classification System ◽

Phase 1 ◽

Maternity Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

Robson Classification ◽

Before And After

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate C-section rates, before and after the implementation of the Project Appropriate Birth based on the Robson 10-group classification system. DESIGN: An observational, cross-sectional study. SETTING: Maternity hospital in South Brazil. POPULATION: All pregnant women attending, April 2016 through April 2017 (phase 1, pre-implementation of the Project Appropriate Birth) and June 2017 through June 2018 (phase 2, post-implementation of the Project Appropriate Birth). METHODS: Maternal and obstetric characteristics were evaluated, including Robson’s classification, based on the characteristics of pregnancy and childbirth. Chi-square test and crude and adjusted prevalence ratios were used to analyze study variables. The significance level was set at 5%. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: C-section rate for each group, their contribution to the overall c-section rate and the differences in these contributions before and after PPA implementation. RESULTS: C-section rates decreased from 62.4% to 55.6%, which represented a 10.9% reduction after the implementation of the Project Appropriate Birth. Pregnant women in Robson classification groups 1 through 4 had the greatest decrease in C-section rates, ranging from 49.1% to 38.6%, which represents a 21.5% reduction. The greatest contributors to the overall C-section rates were group 5 and group 2, accounting for more than 60% of the C-section deliveries. CONCLUSION: The Project Appropriate Birth had an important impact on the reduction of C-section rates, especially in Robson classification groups 1 through 4, which indicates that providing mothers with evidence-based interventions for labor and childbirth assistance will contribute to reduce C-section rates.

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Cross-sectional study to assess etiology and associated factors for anaemia during first trimester of pregnancy in Anuradhapura District, Sri Lanka: a protocol

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.28226.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 223

Author(s):

Gayani Amarasinghe ◽

Vasana Mendis ◽

Thilini Agampodi

Keyword(s):

Sri Lanka ◽

Data Collection ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Associated Factors ◽

First Trimester ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Anaemia In Pregnancy ◽

In Pregnancy

Background: Anaemia in pregnancy, which can lead to adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, is a significant global health problem. Despite Sri Lanka’s strong public health system and commitment towards prevention, maternal anaemia remains a major problem in the country. While prevention is focused on iron deficiency, detailed etiological studies on this topic are scarce. Moreover, estimates of socio demographic and economic factors associated with anaemia in pregnancy, which can provide important clues for anaemia control, are also lacking. This study aims to evaluate the hemoglobin distribution, spatial distribution, etiology and associated factors for anaemia in pregnant women in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. Methods: This is a cross sectional study of pregnant women in their first trimester registered for antenatal care from July to September 2019 in the Anuradhapura district. The minimal sample size was calculated to be 1866. Initial data collection has already been carried out in special field clinics for pregnant women between June to October 2019. An interviewer-administered questionnaire, a self-completed dietary questionnaire and an examination checklist were used for data collection. In addition, all participants underwent complete blood count testing. Further investigations are being conducted for predicting the etiology of anaemia based on a developed algorithm (such as high-performance liquid chromatography [HPLC] and peripheral blood film analysis). Discussion: Being the largest study on anaemia during pregnancy in a single geographical area in Sri Lanka, this study will provide important clues about geographical clustering of anaemia cases with similar etiology, associated factors and etiologies which would help to develop interventions to improve the health of pregnant women in the area. The possibility of selection bias is a potential limitation associated with the study design.

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Inadequate intakes of dietary zinc among pregnant women from subsistence households in Sidama, Southern Ethiopia

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980007000389 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 379-386 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Yewelsew Abebe ◽

Alemtsehay Bogale ◽

K Michael Hambidge ◽

Barbara J Stoecker ◽

Isabel Arbide ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Plasma Zinc ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Convenience Sample ◽

Regular Consumption ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Zinc Concentrations

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the prevalence of zinc inadequacy based on dietary intakes and plasma zinc concentrations and, simultaneously, the prevalence of inadequate intakes of energy, protein, calcium and iron.DesignA cross-sectional study of a convenience sample of subsistence farming households in Sidama, Southern Ethiopia.SubjectsDietary intakes were calculated from 1-day weighed food records and 40 repeats from 99 pregnant women in the third trimester using analysed values of major staple foods for zinc, iron, calcium and phytate. The distribution of observed intakes was adjusted for usual intakes and the prevalence of inadequacy estimated using the estimated average requirement (EAR) cutpoint method. Prevalence of inadequacy for zinc, protein and iron intakes were compared with those based on biochemical measures.ResultsPrevalence of zinc inadequacy was very high: 99% for US FNB EAR and 100% for IZiNCG EAR compared to 72% based on low plasma zinc concentrations. Corresponding prevalence estimates for iron were much lower: 4% for inadequate intakes based on US FNB EAR vs. 8.7% for iron deficiency anaemia (haemoglobin < 110 g l−1; ferritin < 12 μg l−1) and 32.3% for low storage iron. Prevalence of inadequacy for protein was 100% for adjusted intakes and 91% for serum albumin < 32 g l−1. For calcium, 74% were at risk for inadequate intakes.ConclusionThe high prevalence of inadequate intakes of zinc and protein was reasonably consistent with those based on biochemical measures. Such dietary deficits could be overcome by regular consumption of cellular animal protein. In contrast, both dietary and biochemical measures of iron inadequacy were low.

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Syphilis and HIV Infection among Displaced Pregnant Women in Rural Mozambique

International Journal of STD & AIDS ◽

10.1177/095646249400500208 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 117-123 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

H A Cossa ◽

S Gloyd ◽

R G Vaz ◽

E Folgosa ◽

E Simbine ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hiv Infection ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Hiv Transmission ◽

Perinatal Transmission ◽

Anal Intercourse ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hiv Seroprevalence ◽

High Prevalence ◽

History Of

A cross-sectional study was conducted among displaced pregnant women in Mozambique to determine the prevalence and correlates of HIV infection and syphilis. Between September 1992 and February 1993, 1728 consecutive antenatal attendees of 14 rural clinics in Zambézia were interviewed, examined, and tested for HIV and syphilis antibodies. The seroprevalence of syphilis and HIV were 12.2% and 2.9%, respectively. Reported sexual abuse was frequent (8.4%) but sex for money was uncommon. A positive MHA-TP result was significantly associated with unmarried status, history of past STD, HIV infection, and current genital ulcers, vaginal discharge, or genital warts. Significant correlates of HIV seropositivity included anal intercourse, history of past STD, and syphilis. In summary, displaced pregnant women had a high prevalence of syphilis but a relatively low HIV seroprevalence suggesting recent introduction of HIV infection in this area or slow spread of the epidemic. A syphilils screening and treatment programme is warranted to prevent perinatal transmission and to reduce the incidence of chancres as a cofactor for HIV transmission.

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Comparison at the first prenatal visit of the maternal dietary intakes of smokers with non-smokers in a large maternity hospital: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021721 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. e021721 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Eimer G O’Malley ◽

Shona Cawley ◽

Ciara M E Reynolds ◽

Rachel A K Kennedy ◽

Anne Molloy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Maternity Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Urban Setting ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Singleton Pregnancy ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prenatal Visit ◽

In Pregnancy

ObjectivesUsing detailed dietary and supplement questionnaires in early pregnancy, we compared the dietary intakes of micronutrients and macronutrients at the first prenatal visit of women who reported continuing to smoke during pregnancy with the intakes of women who were non-smokers.DesignCross-sectional study conducted between June 2014 and March 2016.SettingStand-alone tertiary maternity hospital in an urban setting with approximately 8000 deliveries per year.ParticipantsWomen were recruited at their convenience after sonographic confirmation of an ongoing singleton pregnancy (n=502). Detailed dietary and supplement information was available for 398 women. Women <18 years and those who did not speak English fluently were excluded.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe differences in dietary micronutrients and macronutrients and maternal folate levels between women who continued to smoke in pregnancy compared with non-smokers.ResultsOf the 502 women, the mean age was 30.5 (SD 5.6) years, 42.5% were nulliparas, 19.2% were obese and 398 (79.3%) completed the questionnaire satisfactorily. In the 50 (12.6%) current smokers, the micronutrients magnesium, iron, carotene and copper were lower (all p<0.005) whereas sodium and chloride were higher compared with the 348 (87.4%) non-smokers. Smokers reported lower intakes of dietary total folate (p=0.006) compared with non-smokers (i.e., dietary folate equivalents; intake from natural and fortified dietary sources) (p=0.005). Smokers also reported lower intakes of fibre than non-smokers (13.1 g (IQR 7.7) vs 16.3 g (IQR 8.5), p<0.001). The dietary intakes of former smokers compared favourably with non-smokers.ConclusionsWe found that women who continue to smoke during pregnancy have serious dietary inadequacies which could potentially aggravate fetal growth restriction associated with direct toxicity from cigarettes. This provides a further reason to promote smoking cessation interventions in pregnancy, and highlights the need for dietary and supplementation interventions in women who continue to smoke.

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Do we need to screen and treat pregnant women for subclinical hypothyroidism? A cross sectional study in a rural tertiary centre in Kerala, India

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20170470 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 781

Author(s):

Radha K. R. ◽

Nishu Sugunan ◽

Resmy C. R.

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽

Universal Screening ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Maternal Complications ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Neonatal Hypothyroidism ◽

In Pregnancy

Background: Hypothyroidism (HT) is associated with maternal and perinatal morbidity. Subclinical HT rather than overt occur in pregnancy, because overt HT causes infertility. Treatment of overt HT was beneficial in reducing the fetal and maternal complications, Usefulness of correcting subclinical hypothyroidism was doubtful, hence Universal screening of pregnant women was not recommended.Methods: Cross sectional study, conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, Government Medical College, Thrissur, Kerala, India. 50 consecutive cases of subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnancy were analyzed for Thyroid function, antenatal, natal, postnatal complications. Perinatal complications, including neonatal hypothyroidism also noted. Statistical analysis done using computer software Epi info3.4. Data expressed in its frequency and percentage, continuous data in mean.Results: All women in the study group received levothyroxine during pregnancy from time of diagnosis. At the time of delivery 84% women were euthyroid and 16% hypothyroid. Complications like anemia 36%, abruption 4%, and postpartum hemorrhage 6% showed a statistically significant association, while pre-eclampsia 20%, preterm labor 22% had no statistically significant association. Comparing the women who are euthyroid as a result of levothyroxine supplementation to women inadequately treated, complications like anemia (33% versus 50%, p value 0.042), abruption (0% versus 4%, p value0.023), PPH (2% versus 6%, p value 0.014) were significantly less in well controlled.Conclusions: Significant association was noted between inadequately treated hypothyroidism and maternal complications like anaemia, placental abruption, placenta previa, PPH, preterm delivery, and caesarean section rate for foetal distress. Universal screening of pregnant women for thyroid status is recommended.

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Hubungan Tekanan Darah Ibu Hamil Aterm Dengan Berat Badan Lahir di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang

Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas ◽

10.25077/jka.v2i2.121 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 67

Author(s):

Feby Andammori ◽

Nur Indrawaty Lipoeto ◽

Yusrawati Yusrawati

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Pregnant Woman ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Medical Record ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

T Test ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

In Pregnancy

AbstrakTinggi rendahnya tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik dalam kehamilan mempunyai pengaruh terhadap berat badan lahir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan tekanan darah ibu hamil aterm dengan berat badan lahir di RSUP dr M. Djamil Padang. Metode penelitian : Penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan survei analitik dengan menggunakan studi komparatif dengan design penelitian Cross Sectional Study. Penelitian menggunakan data sekunder yang diambil dari sub bagian Rekam Medik (Medical Record) RSUP dr. M. Djamil Padang bulan Januari 2010 – Desember 2012 dengan jumlah sampel 34 orang ibu hamil yang tidak hipertensi dan 34 orang ibu hamil yang mengalami hipertensi dalam kehamilannya. Hasil penelitian : Ditemukan rata-rata berat badan lahir bayi yang dilahirkan oleh kelompok ibu yang tidak mengalami hipertensi pada kehamilannya adalah 3.408 (SD 307) gram dan rata-rata berat badan lahir bayi yang dilahirkan oleh kelompok ibu yang mengalami hipertensi pada kehamilannya adalah 2.799 (SD 413) gram. Dari hasil uji analisis Independent Sample T-test diperoleh hasil ditemukan adanya hubungan tekanan darah ibu hamil dengan berat badan lahir di RSUP dr. M. Djamil Padang p = 0,00 (p < 0,05). Kesimpulan : Pemeriksaan kehamilan secara teratur penting untuk mengantisipasi adanya peningkatan tekanan darah ibu hamil yang dapat berpengaruh terhadap berat bayi lahir.Kata kunci: tekanan darah, berat badan lahir, ibu hamilAbstractHigh and low level of systolic and diastolic blood pressure in pregnancy has impact to birth weight. This research is purposed to identify the relation between aterm pregnant blood pressure and birth weight.Methods : This research is analytical survey which used comparative study with Cross Sectional Study design. This research used secondary data taken from Medical Record in RSUP dr. M. Djamil Padang since Januari 2010 until December 2012 with number of samples are 34 pregnant women who have not hypertension and 34 pregnant women who have hypertension in pregnancy.The results: Research found that average of birth weight from non-hypertension pregnant woman is about 3,408 (SD 307) gr and average of birth weight from hypertension pregnant woman is about 2,799 (SD 413) gr. The result from Independent sample T-test analysis found that there is a relation between blood pressure in pregnancy with birth weight at RSUP dr. M.Djamil Padang p = 0.00 (p<0.05).Conclusion: Regular antenatal care is important to anticipate an increase in maternal blood pressure can affect birth weight.Keywords: blood pressure, birth weight, pregnant women

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Quality of life of high risk pregnant women during prenatal care

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/0034-7167-2019-0595 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 73 (suppl 5) ◽

Author(s):

Ivyna Pires Gadelha ◽

Priscila de Souza Aquino ◽

Marianne Maia Dutra Balsells ◽

Flaviane Fabrício Diniz ◽

Ana Karina Bezerra Pinheiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

High Risk ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Family Relationship ◽

Maternity Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Statistical Program

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the quality of life of high-risk pregnant women. Methods: an observational and cross-sectional study, carried out in a tertiary maternity hospital located in Fortaleza, with 276 high-risk pregnant women. A questionnaire was applied containing socioddemographic, clinical and obstetric data and The Mother-Generated Index. Descriptive analyzes were performed using the Jamovi statistical program®, version 0.9. Results: most areas were negatively influenced by pregnancy. “Satisfaction with pregnancy”, “family relationship” and “relationship with the partner” obtained the highest means of primary score, while “physical condition/disposition” and “financing” obtained the lowest means. The highest secondary scores were in “satisfaction with pregnancy”, “family relationship” and “relationship with the partner”, while the lowest were in “financing” and “psychological/emotional”. Conclusion: the total primary score mean was 6.03, suggesting a good quality of life. The Mother Generated Index made it possible to identify aspects of life that go beyond pre-formulated assessments of the construct.

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ANALISIS DETERMINAN POSITIVE DEVIANCE STATUS GIZI BALITA DI WILAYAH MISKIN DENGAN PREVALENSI KURANG GIZI RENDAH DAN TINGGI

Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan ◽

10.25182/jgp.2010.5.2.103-112 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 103

Author(s):

Sakri Sab'atmaja ◽

Ali Khomsan ◽

Ikeu Tanziha

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Positive Deviance ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Under Five ◽

The Poor ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Poor Families ◽

Correlation And Path Analysis

The aim this study was to analyze the determinant of positive deviance nutritional status of under five year old children in poor areas with low and high prevalence of undernutrition. Cross sectional study was conducted in the study using secondary data analysis taken from Basic Health Research 2007 in four provinces with determination samples criterias of high poverty levels according BPS 2009 (&gt;14.15%) and low and high prevalence of undernutrition (+18.4%) which were analyzed through quadrants. The number of samples was 3.494 under five year old children from poor families. The significancy relations among variables were measured using Pearson's correlation and path analysis to analyze the determinants. The results, the determinant of positive deviance were income through mother's characteristics, health upbringing, and health status, the four provinces had the same determinants pathway (β=0.0451), with mother's characteristics (p&lt;0.05) and health upbringing (p&lt;0.05) as the significants variables. The conclusion was that mother with better characteristics in families who were able to manage income better, tended to practice better health upbringing which increase children's nutritional status. These factors determine the poor families living in the poor areas could have well nourished under five year old children rather than other families in the same economic condition. Key words: positive deviance, undernutrition, nutritional status.

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