Mental Health Issues in Covid 19 Recovered Patients of Lahore, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 3476-3478
Author(s):  
Shehnaz Khan ◽  
Noor ul Ain Khalid ◽  
Noor Shahid ◽  
Noor ul Ain
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Design ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Central Park ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Respiratory Coronavirus

Background: Corona virus belongs to the coronaviridea family. Its variant, the severe acute respiratory coronavirus-2 (SARS-COV-2) is a beta coronavirus causing the current Covid-19 outbreak in humans. This virus not only has pathological effects, but it also affects psychologically. Our study aims to find out the mental changes affecting the COVID recovered patients. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried at Central Park Medical College from July 2021- August 2021 to assess the psychological stress and anxiety among COVID-19 recovered patients. Data was collected from 96 COVID-19 recovered patients through a self-designed questionnaire using convenient sampling design. Results: The mean age of the participants was 28.07 + 12.45 SD in years. About 44.8% of the participants were female. Approximately 79% participants were graduated or above. About 52.4% of the participants who were infected from COVID-19 mentioned that they lost their appetite during illness. Nearly 71.4% of the participants mentioned that they were more anxious during the illness. Conclusion: Nearly two third participants had sad feelings. A high percentage of respondents had some level of anxiety. Most of the participants reported sudden and panic attacks after COVID. Many respondents said that they were trying to overcome these mental after affects of COVID.

Comparison of Heffner Criteria and Light Criteria in Differentiating Exudative and Transudative Pleural Effusion

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-145
Author(s):  
Krishna Chandra Devkota ◽  
S Hamal ◽  
PP Panta
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pleural Space ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Exudative Pleural Effusion

Pleural effusion is present when there is >15ml of fluid is accumulated in the pleural space. It can be divided into two types; exudative and transudative pleural effusion. Tuberculosis and parapneumonic effusion are the common cause of exudative pleural effusion whereas heart failure accounts for most of the cases of transudative pleural effusion. This study was a hospital based cross sectional study performed at Nepal Medical College during the period of January 2016-December 2016. A total of 50 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Pleural effusion was confirmed by clinical examination and radiology. After confirmation of pleural effusion, pleural fluid was aspirated and was analysed for protein, LDH, cholesterol. The Heffner criteria was compared with Light criteria to classify exudative or transudative pleural effusion. Among 50 patients, 30 were male and 20 were female. The mean age of patient was 45.4±21.85 years. The sensitivity and specificity of using Light criteria to detect the two type of pleural effusion was 100% and 90.9%, whereas using Heffner criteria was 94.87%, 100% respectively(P<0.01). There are variety of causes for development of pleural effusion and no one criteria is definite to differentiate between exudative or transudative effusion. In this study Light criteria was more sensitive whereas Heffner criteria was more specific to classify exudative pleural effusion. Hence a combination of criteria might be useful in case where there is difficulty to identify the cause of pleural effusion.

scholarly journals Do Anomalous Stillbirths Have Risk To Be Delivered Preterm? A Cross-Sectional Study Conducted in Kandy, Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. S. S. Alahakoon ◽  
C. J. Ratnayake ◽  
K. E. Karunakaran ◽  
S. U. B. Tennakoon
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Extreme Prematurity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Period Of Gestation

Abstract Stillbirths is one of major health issues in Sri Lankan context. This study aimed to explore the distribution of externally identifiable congenital anomalies according to their sex and the period of gestation and to estimate risk of stillbirth with or without congenital anomalies to be born pre-term or term. Sample size was 246. Due to extreme prematurity and maceration, 05 fetuses were excluded. Of 241 stillbirths, 36 (14.9%) had congenital anomalies and majority were females (n=23, 9.5%). The mean period of gestation was 31 weeks (SD=5.3). 12.5% with congenital anomalies were pre-term. 95% confidence interval (0.261-1.170) of risk estimate revealed that there is no statistically significant association between fetal sex and having congenital anomalies. Risk to be preterm stillbirth for the fetuses with congenital anomalies was 2.447 times (OR = 2.447) greater than the non-anomulous. Females were at high risk to acquire congenital anomalies. Congenital anomalies caused preterm stillbirths.

scholarly journals Position of parotid papilla and commissure of lip in relation to maxillary occlusal plane among patients visiting a tertiary care centre of Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
P Mehta ◽  
S Chhetri
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Occlusal Plane ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Exact Position ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Edentulous Patients

Introduction: The exact position of the Parotid papilla and commissure of the lip plays a crucial role in determining the maxillary occlusal plane which directly facilitates rehabilitating edentulous patients with a removable complete denture. Since the beginning, many authors have conducted different studies regarding its position but multiple variations in its location have been noted. Also, this type of study has not been conducted in the Nepalese population which drags the urge to determine the position of these soft-tissue landmarks in context to the Nepalese population. Objective: To determine the position of parotid papilla and commissure of lip in relation to the maxillary occlusal plane. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the 45 dentate subjects visiting Nobel medical college from November 2019 to April 2020. A vestibular impression was made, stone index fabricated and vernier caliper was used to locate position of parotid papilla & commissure of lip. All the data were collected and statistically analyzed. Results: The mean measurement of distances between maxillary occlusal plane and parotid papilla was 3.69 ± 1.19 mm and between maxillary occlusal plane and commissure of lip was 0.41 ± 0.83 mm respectively. Conclusion: This study showed that the position of the parotid papilla was superior to the position of the maxillary occlusal plane with a mean distance of 3.69mm. The commissure of lip was found to be at the level of maxillary occlusion plane in highest number of cases followed by a superior position with least at the inferior position with respect to the maxillary occlusal plane.

scholarly journals Knowledge of antimicrobial resistance among undergraduate medical students in a medical college of Gujarat: institution based cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 754
Author(s):  
Krutarth R. Brahmbhatt ◽  
Amul B. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
The Mean

Background: Antimicrobial-resistant organisms are spreading worldwide, and the pipeline for new antimicrobials remains meager. The next generation of doctors must be better prepared to use antimicrobials more sparingly and appropriately.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate medical students of GMERS Medical College Junagadh from January to May 2017. Self-administered structured close ended questionnaire in English was used. Pearson’s correlation co-efficient, t test and ANOVA were used as tests of significance.Results: Total 130 students participated in the study. Participation of females (48.5%) and males (51.5%) was almost equal. Almost 60% participants had adequate knowledge about antimicrobial resistance. The mean antimicrobial resistance knowledge score of participants was 22.7 (SD: ±5.27, min: 8, max: 37).Conclusions:Important finding of the study was that just one forth of the participants agreed that information they have received so far in medical course regarding antimicrobial resistance is adequate. The budding doctors should receive correct, adequate information regarding antimicrobial resistance.  

scholarly journals A study on sexual behaviour practiced by the adolescent and its source of inspiration

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1911
Author(s):  
Ashok Maaan ◽  
Manoj K. Yadav ◽  
S. S. Chaudhary ◽  
Manisha .
Keyword(s):  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Potential Possibility ◽  
Study Population

Background: Adolescence is a developmental period of rapid physical, psychological, sociocultural, and cognitive changes characterized by efforts to confront and surmount challenges and to establish a sense of identity and autonomy. Objective was to study the sexual behavior practiced by the adolescent and its source of inspiration.Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was carried out in Department of Community Medicine, Santosh Medical College, Ghaziabad and Urban area of district Ghaziabad. 750 Adolescents aged 10 to 19 years studying in the selected schools of urban Ghaziabad were included for the study. The period of study was from November 2011 to October 2012.Results: 26.8% of the students were sexually active. Boys were sexually more active than girls (34.7% vs. 18.9%). Condom use was present in 51.2% of the sexually active students. Nearly half (52.3%) of sexually active males had sex under the influence of pornography, almost one-third (32.3%) had sex merely because of peer pressure and 15.4% did it for curiosity and fun. Among girls who experienced sex 70.4% succumbed to peer pressure and 23.9% under the influence of pornography. In the present study more boys (77.9%) than girls (54.1%) had knowledge about reproductive health issues and this difference between two sexes were found to be statistically significant.Conclusions: The present health status of the study population has the potential possibility of leading to increased health problems for this vulnerable population, in future.

scholarly journals Stress and Its Association With Involvement in Online Classes: A Cross-sectional Study Among Undergraduate Students of a Medical College, South India

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohith Motappa ◽  
Malavika Sachith ◽  
Pracheth R
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
South India ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Online Classes ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Online Mode ◽  
The Mean

Abstract BackgroundWith the implementation of lockdown and all students restricted to their houses, medical education has shifted towards the online mode. The objective of this study was to assess stress during the pandemic and the association between stress and involvement in online classes among students of a medical college in Mangalore, Karnataka, South India.MethodologyA cross-sectional study was conducted among 324 undergraduate students at a medical college in Mangalore, Karnataka, South India. The extent of stress was assessed using a perceived stress scale (PSS), and a questionnaire was used to identify different stressors and to understand the participant’s involvement in online classes. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations.ResultsIn this study, the mean perceived stress score was 21.66 ± 4. Moderate stress was observed in 262 (85%) students. The main stressors noted were inability to focus (173 (56.4%)) and fear of exams (153 (49.8%)). A significant association was noted between stress and involvement in online classes.ConclusionThis study thereby highlights the need for more attention to the various stressors among students and for making online classes student friendly.

Thyroidectomy Related Complications in Post-Thyroid Lobectomy (Unilateral) in Addition to Thyroid Isthmusectomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3444-3445
Author(s):  
Sadaf Raffat Mustafa ◽  
Abdul Manan Khan ◽  
Wajih-ud-Din , Shinwari ◽  
Muhammad Jamil ◽  
Azmatullah Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
International Medical ◽  
Completion Thyroidectomy ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Frequent Complication ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Thyroid Lobectomy ◽  
The Mean

Objective: To identify thyroidectomy related complications in post-thyroid lobectomy (unilateral) in addition to isthmusectomy. Study Design: Cross-sectional study Place and Duration: Department of ENT, Islamic International Medical College, Islamabad from 1st April 2019 to 31st March 2020. Methods: Sixty patients were enrolled. These patients were those who have to undergo complete thyroidectomy post unilateral-thyroid lobectomy in addition to isthmusectomy. The age pf the patients was 16-72 years. Each patient’s demographic, clinical as well as surgical details were recorded and calcium tests were run. Results: There were 34 females and 26 males in this study. The mean age of the enrolled patients was 41.12±5.9 years. The mean BMI calculated of the patients was 25.4±2.5 kg/m2. Hypocalcaemia (transient) was identified 10% whereas 3.3% got seroma and 1.6% each suffered from transient voice hoarseness and hematoma in neck. Conclusion: Transient hypocalcaemia is the most frequent complication followed with seroma and hematoma. Keywords: Completion Thyroidectomy, Thyroid lobectomy, Thyroidectomy

scholarly journals Mean Knowledge Score of Self-Medication among First and Second Year Medical and Dental Students in a Medical College: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (243) ◽  
pp. 1146-1149
Author(s):  
Sajala Kafle ◽  
Nisha Jha ◽  
Ravi Shankar Pathyil
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Medical And Dental Students

Introduction: Self-medication is common among medical students. Medical and dental students can also educate the population about the use of medicines. The aim of the study was to find the mean knowledge score of self-medication among first and second year medical and dental students at a medical college in Nepal. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in a medical college from 1st to 28th February 2021 using a structured online questionnaire after obtaining approval from the Institutional Review Committee (approval number 077/78/32). Convenience sampling method was undertaken. The responses were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 26. Results: Out of 173 students the mean±SD knowledge score was 79.47±6.76. The mean knowledge score of the participants of age group 17-18, 19-20 and 21-22 years were 83.8, 79 and 79.1 respectively. The mean knowledge scores of the male and female participants were 80.2 and 78.6 respectively. Similarly, the knowledge scores of respondents from undergraduate medical and dental backgrounds were 80.1 and 77.7 respectively. Conclusions: Knowledge of self-medication was high among the students. However, educational sessions to further improve and strengthen knowledge can be carried out to improve the knowledge.

scholarly journals FNAC AS A TOOL IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF BCG INDUCED LYMPHADENITIS-AN INSTITUTIONAL EXPERIENCE.

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-22
Author(s):  
P. Sravani ◽  
C. Bhavani ◽  
V. Sivasankara Naik ◽  
M. Neeraja
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Government Medical College ◽  
Clinical Correlation ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Common Site ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Institutional Experience ◽  
The Mean

Background: Tuberculosis is a major cause of mobility and mortality in developing countries including India.BCG vaccine has been in use since 1921 and is considered to be one of the safest vaccines with self limited regional Lymphadenopathy being the most common complication. Objectives: The present study aims toevaluate the efficacy and cytomorphological patterns of BCG lymphadenitis. Materials & methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pathology of Government Medical College / Government General Hospital, Anantapuramu, during the period January 2017 to December 2019. Patients with suspected ipsilaterallymphnodal enlargement after BCG vaccination and age ranging from two months to two years , who were referred for FNAC, were included in this study. FNAs of 17 patients were studied in the present study. FNAC was performed by using a 10 mL syringe with a 23 g needle. Smears were stained with H& E stain (Haematoxylin and Eosin)and ZN ( Ziehl –nelson )stain.The data collected was entered into an Excelsheet and analyzed. Results: Cytology slides prepared were studied, interpreted, and the diagnosis made was analyzed.A total of 17 cases were studied with the mean age of 6.24 months. Majority of the patients were males seen in 64.71% of cases. Ipsilateral Axillary lymphnode was the most common site involved seen in 82.35% cases.Pus was aspirated in 76.47% of cases.On microscopic examination diffuse necrosis with degenerated cellswas the predominant cytological pattern seen in nine (52.94%) cases. ZN stain showed Acid fast bacilli positivity in 15 cases. Conclusion: FNA cytology combined with clinical correlation is useful for diagnosis and management of BCG lymphadenitis.

Suicidal Death Autopsy Analysis at Dhaka Medical College

1970 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
MN Hossain ◽  
Z Rahman ◽  
S Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Medicine ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Autopsy Report ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Suicidal Death

A cross sectional study was carried out at the department of Forensic Medicine in Dhaka Medical College during the period of January 2008 to December 2009. Data were collected from 3rd copy of the post mortem reports which were preserved in the department of Forensic Medicine with the verbal consent of the doctors who performed autopsy report. During this period total 5114 autopsies were conducted. Out of this 970 cases (19%) were suicidal in nature. It was noticed that all suicidal deaths occurred from 10 years to all age group respectively, but top amongst age group of suicidal deaths occurred in between 21 to 30 years of people. Suicidal deaths are more common in female than male. Suicidal deaths due to hanging is highest, next common causes of death due to organophosphorus compund poisoning. Suicidal deaths by hanging is more in female than male but in poisoning cases male are more lvictimised than female. Objectives of our study are to see the occurrence and methods of suicidal death. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmj.v40i1.9957 BMJ 2011; 40(1): 18-21

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