scholarly journals Effects of Structured Resisted Exercises on Cognition Level Among Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1876-1878
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hassan ◽  
Sajid Rashid ◽  
Rehan Ramzan Khan ◽  
Muhammad Usman Khalid ◽  
Haroon Mansha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Resistance Exercises ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Trial Making Test

Objective: To evaluate the effects of structured resistance exercises on cognition level among patients with mild cognitive impairment. Methods: A quasi experimental trial was conducted on thirty patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from September 2020 to February 2021 at Ibn e Siena hospital, Multan. The total sample was randomly divided into two equal groups containing fifteen patients each; Group-A (Conventional pharmacological treatment) and Group-B (Resisted exercises). Group-A participants were treated with conventional pharmacological treatment cholinesterase inhibitors along with regular physical exercise while Group-B participants were treated with resistance exercises along with conventional pharmacological treatment. The standardized tools were used for data collection including Standardized mini mental state examination (SMMSE), Montreal cognitive assessment (MOCA), Trial making test A (TMT-A) and Trial making test B (TMT-B). Data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS 21. Results: Independent samples T-test showed statistically significant difference after intervention for measures of cognitive performance. There was significant difference (p<0.01) between pre and post intervention score of SMMSE (20.60 ± 1.75 and 23.20 ± 1.69) and MOCA (17.60 ± 1.35 and 21.93 ± 1.57). There was also significant difference between (p<0.01) pre and post intervention score of TMT-A (1.47 ± 0.34 & 1.23 ± 0.04) and TMT-B (2.51 ± 0.04 and 2.08 ± 0.04). Conclusion: Resistance exercises increases the cognitive levels of Mild Cognitive impairment patients. Key Words: Cognitive dysfunction, Exercises, Dementia.

scholarly journals Comparison of Traditional Versus Computer-Based Cognitive Training on Cognition in Elderly with Mild Cognitive Impairment

2021 ◽  
pp. 180-185
Author(s):  
Dr. Vidhi Shah ◽  
Bhakti Panchal ◽  
Dr. Tushar Palekar ◽  
Padmaja Guruprasad ◽  
Pooja Pokar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Cognitive Rehabilitation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Group B ◽  
Moca Score

Normal ageing cause alterations in the prefrontal cortex, medial temporal lobe system, hippocampus and cerebellum. These changes are the cause of mild cognitive impairment in terms of decreased memory function, reduced speed and executive functions, personality and behavioral disturbances. Computer-based cognitive training is a new tool used for cognitive rehabilitation. This randomized control trial includes 50 subjects, Group A received computer-based cognitive training (n=25) by using BrainHQ app and Group B received Tradition cognitive training (n=25) for 3 weeks. Montreal cognitive assessment (MOCA) was taken as outcome measure. The comparison of difference of pre and post MOCA score between Group A and Group B shows p=0.002. Also comparison of MOCA score between male and female of group A shows statistically significant difference with respect to MALE P=0.008 and FEMALE P=0.000.This study provides a strong evidence that Computer Based Cognitive Training showed added improvements in cognition function compared to traditional training.

scholarly journals Adherence in elderly patients with NCDs: Which is the best, educational or social support? A comparative study in Ecuador

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Elena Aguirre Céspedes ◽  
Angela Faydé Alfonso Florido ◽  
Edgar León Segovia ◽  
Patricia Ortiz Solórzano ◽  
Sergio Minué Lorenzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Support ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Educational Strategy ◽  
Adherence To Treatment ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Support Strategy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background: Adherence to treatment is one of the mainstays of non-communicable diseases adequate control. Non – adherence can affect several aspects to both the patient and the health system. For this reason, it is important to have intervention strategies available to prevent detachment and improve adherence to treatment. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the educational strategy compared with the social and family support for the improvement of adherence in patients with chronic noncommunicable diseases. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted in 159 participants with diagnosis of arterial hypertension or/and diabetes mellitus type 2 plus polypharmacy. Participants were divided in two groups and strategies: Group A: educational (n = 79) and Group B social/family support (n = 80), follow up three months for each group. For group "A", informative group workshops were assigned; while for group "B" therapeutic agreements were established. Adherence to treatment pre- and post-intervention were evaluated using the four item Morisky Green Levine scale of public domain. At the end of the intervention period, an intra and intergroup analysis were performed and a Z test for difference in proportions was applied; the RR was used as a measure of association, and Chi2 as a measure of significance. Results: A total of 152 patients complete the intervention. In group A, pre-intervention non-adherence was 58.2%, post-intervention of 45.3% and final reduction of the failure was 12.9% (p<0,001). In group B, pre-intervention non-adherence was 55%, post-intervention 46.8%, and final reduction of adherence failure of 8.2%, (p> 0.05). Statistically significant difference was obtained between the decrease in the failure reached after the application of the educational strategy compared to social / family support strategy (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Educational strategy is more effective than social/family support strategy, to reduce the failure of therapeutic adherence. There was not association of sociodemographic factors and adherence to treatment.

scholarly journals Stenting versus Pharmacological Therapy in Treatment of Single Vessel Intermediate Culprit Lesion Stenosis in Acute St-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

2020 ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
Hazem K. Shalaby ◽  
Ayman Mohammed El Saied ◽  
Hanan Kasem ◽  
Mai Salama ◽  
Seham Fahmy Badr
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
P Value ◽  
Culprit Lesion ◽  
Acute Stemi ◽  
Single Vessel ◽  
St Segment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stent implantation has been the standard therapy in acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. Compared with medical treatment alone, stent implanting can achieve larger lumen gain and helps to reduce the re-occlusion risk of the infarct-related artery. Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of stenting of single vessel intermediate culprit lesion stenosis to pharmacological treatment alone in acute STEMI patients. Methods: This study was prospective comparative interventional case series. It included 60 patients admitted to coronary care unit of our University hospital with acute STEMI. All patients were subjected to detailed history taking, clinical examination, 12 leads ECG, echocardiography and cardiac catheterization and angiography (TIMI flow and corrected TIMI frame count (CTFC) was reported. Patients selected were those with intermediate culprit lesion (40-70%) single vessel stenosis. Patients were divided into 2 groups: Group A: 30 patients who underwent stenting of the culprit lesion in addition to standard pharmacological treatment. Group B: 30 patients who received pharmacological treatment and no stenting (Glycoprotein II b/IIIa inhibitor in addition to the standard pharmacological treatment). Patients were followed up for 12 months and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were reported (death, myocardial infarction, coronary re-vascularization, stroke and hospitalization because of heart failure). Results: 63.3% of group A patients reported complete ST segment resolution versus 30% of group B (P=0.034). TIMI Flow showed statistically significant difference in group A compared to group B regarding (P value=0.005) Group A reported slow fast blood flow (CTFC<60) in 1 patient (3.3%) while in group B it was reported in 5 patients (16%). There was a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups regarding CTFC (P value=0.029). At 12 months follow up, MACE were reported in one patient of group A versus 4 patients of group B (P value >0.05). Conclusion: Stent implantation reported better immediate efficacy and safety results among acute STEMI patients with single vessel intermediate culprit lesion stenosis and favourable effects in reducing MACE.

Cognitive function and fatigue in cancer patients after chemotherapy: A longitudinal cohort study in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC)

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 9099-9099
Author(s):  
J. L. Vardy ◽  
S. Rourke ◽  
G. R. Pond ◽  
J. Galica ◽  
A. Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Clotting Factors ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

9099 Background: There is growing evidence that fatigue and cognitive dysfunction can affect cancer survivors. Here we evaluated these symptoms in patients with CRC in a longitudinal prospective study. Methods: Patients with localized CRC were evaluated for cognitive function and fatigue at baseline (mean 8 weeks post-surgery or before neoadjuvant therapy), 6 & 12 months. Group A (Stage III/high risk II) received chemotherapy (CT) and group B (Stage I/II) received no CT. Pts had neuropsychological (NP) assessment with traditional tests and CANTAB, a computerized NP battery. They completed concurrent questionnaires for fatigue & QOL (FACT-F), anxiety/depression (GHQ), and perception of cognitive function (FACT-COG). Blood tests evaluated cytokine levels, blood clotting factors, sex hormones and apolipoprotein genotyping as potential causal factors. Primary endpoints were cognitive function (traditional NP tests) and fatigue. Associations between test results, demographic and disease-related factors were sought. Results: Baseline data are available for 182 pts: 127 group A, and 55 group B, with follow-up at 6 and 12 months for 71 and 39 pts. Mean age was 57 years and 62% were male. At baseline (pre CT): 30% had cognitive impairment on traditional NP tests & 20% on CANTAB; 25% reported moderate fatigue and 10% extreme fatigue. At 6 months there was no significant difference on objective NP testing between the groups or in perceived cognitive impairment (median FACT- COG 82 vs 88, p=0.34). CT pts had more fatigue (median FACT-F 75 vs 91, p<0.001). At 12 months CT pts tend to have more cognitive impairment on traditional NP tests (26% vs 0%, p=.09), more perceived cognitive impairment (13.5% vs 0%, p=.57) & greater fatigue (16% vs 0%). Cytokine levels were elevated in all groups at all time points compared to healthy volunteers. There was a trend to higher cytokine levels with greater fatigue and worse cognitive impairment. Fatigue, QOL and anxiety and depression were highly correlated. Conclusions: Cognitive impairment is present in some pts prior to CT and there is a trend for CT pts to have worse cognitive impairment at 12 but not at 6 months. Fatigue is associated with CT. Cytokine levels remained elevated in all groups compared to healthy volunteers. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the effect of three supplementary oral hygiene measures on salivary mutans streptococci levels in children: A randomized comparative clinical trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 462-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Manju ◽  
P. Prathyusha ◽  
Elizabeth Joseph ◽  
Rupali Borkar Kaul ◽  
Srinivas L. Shanthraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Mutans Streptococci ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Hygiene Measures ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effect of tongue scraping, tongue brushing, and saturated saline on salivary MS levels. Materials and Methods: A single-blinded, randomized, parallel group clinical trial was conducted in children aged 9–12 years. Total sample of 45 subjects were randomly assigned to three groups, that is, Group A, Group B, and Group C comprised of 15 each. Group A, Group B, and Group C were asked to do tongue scraping, tongue brushing and saturated saline rinsing twice daily, respectively for 21 days. Saliva samples, collected from the subjects on the baseline, 7th day and 21st day, were inoculated on mitis salivarius bacitracin agar and incubated at 37°C for 48 h. The mean streptococcal colony forming counts were enumerated. The data were subjected to statistical analysis using Wilcoxon signed rank sum test for intragroup comparisons and Mann–Whitney U-test for intergroup comparisons. Results: Intragroup comparisons showed statistically significant reduction in MS levels (P < 0.01). However, the intergroup comparisons showed no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The oral hygiene measures evaluated proved equal efficacy in reducing the colony counts. Hence, there is a need to emphasize the importance of incorporating supplementary oral hygiene measures in daily oral care.

Tempeh Consumption and Cognitive Improvement in Mild Cognitive Impairment

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne Suzy Handajani ◽  
Yuda Turana ◽  
Yogiara Yogiara ◽  
Nelly Tina Widjaja ◽  
Tara Puspitarini Sani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Older People ◽  
Fermented Food ◽  
Cognitive Improvement ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Tempeh consumption has been linked to the improvement of cognitive function in older people. However, to what extent the amount of microorganism or the size of tempeh serving consumed per day influences the benefit to cognitive functions has not yet been studied. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This experimental study involved a total of 90 respondents, who were divided into 3 groups: group A (consuming 100 g of Tempeh A/day), group B (consuming 100 g of Tempeh B/day), and group C (control). Intervention was given for 6 months. Cognitive assessments were done before and after the intervention. Blood uric acid level was checked at the end of intervention to examine the effect of tempeh consumption on this. The inclusion criteria were respondents aged 60 years or over with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) who agreed not to consume other fermented food during the study period. Respondents with diabetes were excluded. <b><i>Results:</i></b> There were 84 subjects at the end of the study, majority being female (71.4%) and aged over 65 years (72.6%). An increase in global cognitive scores was found in both groups A and B. The increase in language domain scores was found only in group A. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Both Tempeh A or Tempeh B consumption for 6 months appeared to be beneficial in improving global cognitive function of older people with MCI. Consuming Tempeh A, which had a lower number of microorganisms, was also associated with an improvement in the language domain.

the Risk for Mild Cognitive Impairment in Elderly Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
D.M. Podea ◽  
P.D. Nanu ◽  
R.M. Chenderes ◽  
C. Mila
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Cognitive Assessments ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Objective:Recent studies suggest that the metabolic syndrome and inflammation affect cognitive decline in old age due to vascular risk factors that might cause leukoaraiosis. It is not known which components of the metabolic syndrome are mostly involved.Material and method:There were included 60 subjects aged 65-90 years divided in two groups: group A-30 subjects diagnosed with metabolic syndrome according to NCEP-ATP-III criteria; group B-30 subjects used as control for the study group. Inflammation was assessed by measuring the C-reactive protein (CRP) plasma levels. Cognitive assessments included general cognition exam using Mini-Mental State Examination. the subjects underwent head CT-scan in order to observe the presence of the leukoaraiosis. the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was considered when the MMSE score was between 28-21points.Results:In group A 25 of the subjects presented MCI, while in group B only 13. in group A hyperglycemia was most strongly associated with cognitive function being identified in 80% of the subjects, followed by inflammation (CRP levels>1mg/L), present in 76.6% of the subjects. the subjects from group B presented hyperglycemia in 20% of the cases and high CRP levels in only 16.6% of the subjects. Leukoaraiosis was present in 60% of the subjects in group A, and in 23.3% in group B.Conclusions:Subjects with metabolic syndrome had a poorer cognitive performance than subjects without metabolic syndrome at general cognition exam. in those subjects with metabolic syndrome hyperglycemia and inflammatory status were most frequently encountered when considered the association with cognitive impairment and was noticed a higher incidence of leukoaraiosis.Acknowledgment:The work reported in this paper was supported by grant PNCDI2-41-057/2007 from the Romanian Ministry of Education and Research.

scholarly journals Effect of Vertebral Pressure Technique and Intercostal Stretch Technique on Respiratory Rate, Tidal Volume, SpO2 and Heart Rate among Organophosphorus Poisoning Patients: An Experimental Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 265-271
Author(s):  
Abhinav Salve ◽  
Sachin Maghade ◽  
Sneha Katke
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Tidal Volume ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Mechanical Ventilator ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation ◽  
Organophosphorus Poisoning ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Respiratory PNF technique is a proprioceptive and tactile stimulus that alters the depth and rate of breathing. Intercostal stretch enhances the chest wall elevation and increase chest expansion and diaphragm excursion to improve intra-thoracic lung volume which contributes to improvement in flow rate percentage. Vertebral pressure is another respiratory PNF where there is increased epigastric abdominal excursion over T2-T4. Objective: To find out the effect of Vertebral pressure and Intercostal stretch technique on respiratory rate, tidal volume, SpO2 & heart rate among organophosphorus poisoning patients Method: Data was collected from 24 ICU patients who were on mechanical ventilator. Subjects were divided in two groups. Intercostal stretch technique was given to group A and vertebral pressure technique was given to group B, changes HR, RR, SpO2, tidal volume was noted and data analysis was done. Result: There was significant difference between pre intervention and post intervention readings for both the groups A and B at heart rate, respiratory rate, SpO2 and tidal volume related (p<0.001). It thus proved that respiratory stimulation improves TV, Decrease in RR and HR and increase in SpO2 for both groups. Conclusion: Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation techniques are effective in improving HR, RR, lung capacity and Oxygen saturation in patients with OP poisoning. There was significant difference between pre intervention and post intervention readings for both the groups A and B at heart rate, respiratory rate, SpO2 and tidal volume. Key words: Organophosphorus poisoning, Mechanical ventilator, intercostal stretch, Vertebral pressure, Respiratory PNF.

Mild Cognitive Impairment and Quality of Life

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
C. Mila ◽  
D.M. Podea ◽  
R.M. Chenderes
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
List Type ◽  
State Evaluation ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Objective:The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of cognitive enhancers on quality of life to patients with MCI.Material and methods:The study comprises a number of 40 elderly patients diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment. These patients were divided in two groups:group A that comprises 20 patients diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment that were treated with piracetamum (daily dose: 1600mg),group B that comprises 20 patients diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment that were treated with antioxidants Coenzima Q10 (daily dose: 15mg).MMSE score between 28-21points is considered mild cognitive impairment. The inclusion criteria were:patients over 65 years,patients with mild cognitive impairment.The exclusion criteria were:patients with mild cognitive impairment due to major depressive disorder and schizophrenia,patients with moderate and severe cognitive impairment.The patients were evaluated with MMSE (Mini Mental State Evaluation) and GAF (Global Assessment of Functioning Scale) at the inclusion and after 6 months of treatment.Results:The average of MMSE scores in group A was 25.9 and for group B 25.5. The patients treated with nootropics have had a better outcome, cognitive performance improving with 2,6 points for group A and with 1,8 points for group B. Improvement of cognitive performance improve the quality of life of this patients, the GAF scores improving from 45.4 points to 67.3 in group A and from 44.8 points to 55.3 in group B.Conclusions:The patients treated with nootopics have had a better outcome regarding cognitive functions and quality of life also. Improvement of cognitive performance improve the quality of life.

scholarly journals Acute high-intensity aerobic exercise affects brain-derived neurotrophic factor in mild cognitive impairment: a randomised controlled study

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e000499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate E Devenney ◽  
Emer M Guinan ◽  
Áine M Kelly ◽  
Bibiana C Mota ◽  
Cathal Walsh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Short Bout ◽  
Visuospatial Learning ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

ObjectiveTo investigate the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and cognitive response to a short bout of high-intensity aerobic exercise in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).MethodsParticipants were randomised to one of two testing schedules, completing either a standardised exercise test (group A) or a resting control condition (group B). Blood sampling and cognitive measures (visuospatial learning and memory, sustained attention and executive function) were collected at baseline (T1) and postintervention (T2). An additional measurement of study outcomes was collected after exercise (T3) in group B only.Results64 participants (female 53.2%, mean age 70.5±6.3 years) with MCI were recruited. From T1 to T2, serum BDNF (sBDNF) concentration increased in group A (n=35) (median (Md) 4564.61±IQR 5737.23 pg/mL to Md 5173.27±5997.54 pg/mL) and decreased in group B (Md 4593.74±9558.29 pg/mL to Md 3974.66±3668.22 pg/mL) (between-group difference p=0.024, effect size r=0.3). The control group made fewer errors on the sustained attention task compared with the exercise group (p=0.025). Measures of visuospatial learning and memory or executive function did not change significantly between groups.ConclusionThis study is the first to show that a short bout of high-intensity aerobic exercise increases peripheral sBDNF in a population with MCI. However, acute exercise did not improve cognitive performance.

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