To Determine the Frequency of Common Site of Lodgment of Foreign Body in Respiratory Tract of Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1823-1824
Author(s):  
Maimoona Saeed ◽  
Syed Sajid Munir ◽  
Sami Ul Haq
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Common Site ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Physical Examination ◽  
Left Bronchus ◽  
General Physical

Aim: To determine the frequency of common site of lodgment of foreign body in respiratory tract of children. Setting: Pediatric and ENT Departments, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar. Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Duration of Study: six months i.e. 30/6/2018 to 30/12/2018 Methodology: 300 cases were included. Demographic characteristics like, name, age, gender and address was recorded. H/O inhaling a specific foreign body and time elapsed was noted. General physical examination for signs of respiratory distress was noted. Chest X ray was performed. Examination of oral cavity and nostrils was performed for a suspected foreign body. If nothing found, the patient was immediately shifted to ENT department for emergency bronchoscopy to remove the suspected foreign body. The type of foreign body recovered and the site of respiratory tree from where it is removed were noted. Results: Mean age was 12 years with SD ± 2.16. 51% children were male while 49% children were female. Site of lodgment of foreign body among 300 patients was analyzed i.e. 1% patients had oral cavity, 7% had nasal cavity, 1% patients had oro-pharynx, 3% patients had larynx, 13% patients had main trachea, 30% had right bronchus, 15% patients had left bronchus, 1% patients had right bronchiole, 1% patients had left bronchiole in respiratory tract of children. Conclusion: Frequency of site of lodgment of foreign body was i.e. oral cavity 1%, nasal cavity 7%, oro-pharynx 1%, larynx 3%, main trachea 13%, right bronchus 30%, left bronchus 15%, right bronchiole 1% and left bronchiole 1%. Keywords: Lodgment, foreign body, respiratory tract, children.

scholarly journals Fetomaternal outcome in pregnancies complicated by fibroid

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 3174
Author(s):  
Leimapokpam Roshan Singh ◽  
Kaushik Mahajan ◽  
Nandeibam Balchand Singh ◽  
Wairokpam Prabinkumar Singh ◽  
Kabita Athokpam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Placenta Previa ◽  
Uterine Fibroids ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Physical Examination ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽  
Risk Pregnancy ◽  
General Physical

Background: Fibromyoma (leiomyoma) is the most common benign tumour of the uterus. Approximately 10% to 30% of women with uterine fibroids developed complications during pregnancy. The aim of the study was planned to ascertain the fetomaternal outcome in pregnancies complicated by fibroid.Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant women with documented uterine fibroid who was admitted for any complication or delivered in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, RIMS, Imphal from September 2017 to August, 2019 in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology in collaboration with department of paediatrics, Regional institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal. Detailed clinical history and socio-demographic profile were recorded in pre-designed proforma. General physical examination and systemic examination and obstetrical examination was carried out for the participants.Results: Major proportions was in the age group of 30-39 years (73.9%). Fibroids were more frequent in primigravida (76.1%) followed by P1 (15.2%) and ≥P2 (8.7%). Out of 46 patients 43 (93.5%) delivered by CS (69.76%), NVD (25.58%) and instrumental delivery (4.65%) while 3 patients (6.5%) undergo spontaneous abortions. Most common myoma found in this study was intramural (47.8%) followed by submucous (34.8%) and subserosal (17.4%). Out of 43 deliveries most common complications found was atonic PPH (6.97%) and placenta previa (6.97%) followed by degenerations (2.32%), abruptio placentae (2.32%), malpresentations (2.32%). Out of 43 deliveries 6.9% baby born with low birth weight, IUGR (6.9%), IUFD (4.6%), NICU admission (4.65%) and early neonatal death (2.32%).Conclusions: Pregnancies with fibroids are considered as high-risk pregnancy associated with complications during the antepartum, intrapartum, postpartum period. Pregnant women with myoma can be advised for regular ANC along with TAS for early diagnosis and management of complication.

A Cross-Sectional Study of Clinical Profiles and Complications Associated with Fever with Thrombocytopenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 445-449
Author(s):  
Melvin Dominic ◽  
Hari Hara C. Sudhan ◽  
Karthik Narayan ◽  
Ram Kirubakar Thangaraj ◽  
Abdussamad M ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Spontaneous Bleeding ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Physical Examination ◽  
The Mean ◽  
General Physical

BACKGROUND Fever is the commonest cause of thrombocytopenia that narrows the differential diagnosis and management of fever. The complexity of thrombocytopenia and its control can also be determined through fever. Lack of proper surveillance system and limited laboratory services pose a definite challenge for a perfect diagnosis leading to case management primarily based on clinical manifestations. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on 90 patients attending outpatient department of Vinayaka Missions Kirupananda Variyar Medical College & Hospitals, during the period of April 2017 to September 2017 (6 months). In patients with fever with thrombocytopenia, a careful history was recorded, general physical examination, laboratory and technical investigation reports were noted down from regular investigations. Culture sensitivity and serology were considered as primary outcome variables. The continuous data was expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD) and for independent sample “t” test was used to compare the data. A probability value (“P” value) of ≤ 0.05 at 95 % confidence interval was considered as statistically significant using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). RESULTS The mean age was 44.73 ± 21.18 years in the study population. 39 (43.33 %) were males and 51 (56.67 %) were females. The average period of stay in the hospital was 8.84 ± 5.73 days; the most common chief complaint was chills & rigors seen in 65 (72.22 %) patients. The most commonly observed comorbidity in the patients was diabetes mellitus. The mean and SD of platelet count was 91522.22 ± 32265.13 per µL. 21 (23.33 %) people had dengue. The mean platelet count at discharge was 192215.19 ± 49481.85 per µL. CONCLUSIONS The commonest cause is infection, for fever with decreased platelet count. A significant number of cases of febrile thrombocytopenia were diagnosed as sepsis in the present study. KEYWORDS Infection, Dengue, Septicaemia, Petechiae / Purpura, Spontaneous Bleeding, Fever

scholarly journals Evaluation of hearing in patients of chronic renal failure

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1069
Author(s):  
Sabreena Mukhtar ◽  
James Thomas ◽  
Girija Ghate ◽  
Raphella Khan
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Threshold ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Physical Examination ◽  
General Physical

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is considered to be a major public health problem and only some studies have subsequently suggested the possibility of a link between the ear and the kidney. The aim of the study was to look for an association between the hearing loss and its association with CKD in absence of any underlying co-morbidities.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The study design was a hospital based cross sectional study. 50 patients diagnosed with CKD were included. The patients were subjected to general physical examination, examination of ear by otoscopy and hearing test by tuning fork test (256 Hz, 512 Hz and 1024 Hz). Pure tone audiometry (PTA) was also done.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> It was observed that 24% patients were having unilateral or bilateral hearing loss. Of the 12 patients with hearing loss, PTA threshold was below or equal to 35 dB in 4 patients. Hearing threshold of 45 dB was observed in 3 patients. All 3 patients had unilateral involvement. 2 had hearing loss in right ear whereas left ear was involved in 1 patient. 5 patients had hearing threshold between 45-60 dB. Of these 5 patients, 3 had bilateral ear involvement whereas unilateral ear involvement was seen in remaining 2 patients.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> CKD is commonly associated with senorineuronal hearing loss. The incidence was 24% in our study population. PTA can be a non-invasive procedure which may be employed to detect CKD patients suffering from any hearing loss.</p>

scholarly journals A study on rational drugs prescribing in General out Patient Department (GOPD) BPKIHS, a tertiary care teaching University at Dharan, Eastern part of Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
Bijendra Kumar Rai ◽  
B Rai ◽  
S Pun ◽  
S Mahat ◽  
M K Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Standard Form ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Drug Prescribing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Physical Examination ◽  
Rational Drug ◽  
General Physical ◽  
Prescription Writing

Background: A prescription is standard form that is used by doctors to prescribe medicines. A prescription done ideally include some demographic profile and detail instructions of what medicines should be given to whom, what formulations, how much doses, by which route, when, how frequently and for how long. The rational drugs prescribing and prescription writing is important in patient care. The incomplete prescription and irrational drugs would be harmful to patient. The WHO has defined rational use of medicines as requiring that “patients receive medications appropriate to their clinical needs, in doses that meet their own requirements for an adequate period of time at the lowest cost to them and their community.” Assessment of prescription pattern helps in formulating prescribing policies of the institution. Objective: The study aims to finding out the prescription writing skill on the base rational drug prescribing in GOPD, BPKIHS.Method: A cross sectional study was conducted in GOPD, BPKIHS, in two week period from 13th July 2012 to 27th July 2012. A semi structured questionnaire was used to document difficult variables and interviewing the patients. A total number of 100 prescriptions were analyzed and the same number determined.Results: The number of male and female patients was 57 and 43 respectively. The minimum age recorded was 15 and maximum age 85. The mean age was 38.64 ±18.702 (range 15-85 years). General physical examination and systemic examination were mentioned in 63 and 72% cases respectively. Likewise 91 % cases were advised for laboratory investigations. Provisional and final diagnoses were mentioned in 49% and 54% respectively. Forty-six patients were treated on empirical basis. Six percent of patients were prescribed more 5 items, 18% patients. 4 items and 36 % patients were prescribed 3 items of drugs. Only 31% patients were prescribed 2 items of drugs that would meet the criteria of World Health Organization guide to prescription. Common side effects of prescribed drugs were not mentioned in 84$ patients. Drug prescribing in the GOPD of BPKIHS is not as per  the WHO guidelines with many missing important details. Seventeen percent of patients had no recall, only 29% of patients had excellent recall for how to take prescribed medicines. In 51% patients special advises related with prescribed drugs were provided. The follow up visit was mentioned in 78% patients. Seventy percent patients did not known the name of treating doctors and 58% patients were happy with the doctor’s consultation.Conclusion: A majority of the doctors were not able to correctly define rational drugs prescribing and there is missing many important details in prescription writing. Therefore an educational intervention regarding the rational drug prescribing and prescription writing skills should be carried out in all doctors working in GOPD.Health Renaissance 2015;13(2): 72-79

scholarly journals Emerging role of C-peptide as an early biomarker of metabolic syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2376
Author(s):  
Rana Usmani ◽  
Tariq Masood ◽  
Kanika Kakkar ◽  
Gunjan Mishra ◽  
Adarsh Uniyal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
General Physical Examination ◽  
Early Biomarker ◽  
General Physical

Background: Metabolic syndrome is a health issue of rising concern as it has a correlation with the occurrence of cardiovascular events. Early identification of this syndrome by evaluating levels of biomarkers such as C peptide can help medical professionals prevent the occurrence of life-threatening cardiovascular diseases.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in 89 subjects who were diagnosed to have metabolic syndrome. General Physical examination was done and fasting C peptide and insulin levels were quantified, followed by statistical analysis and their correlation. The prevalence of defining parameters of Metabolic Syndrome as per IDF 2005 was studied.Results: Out of 89 (100%) subjects, 80 (89.8%) subjects (Mean±SD=6.14±3.47) had C- peptide level >1.89 ng/ml which was statistically highly significant (p<0.001). Also, out of 89 (100%) subjects, 67 (24.71%) subjects had insulin level <25 mIU/L which was statistically significant (p<0.001).Conclusions: It was thereby concluded that serum C peptide levels were raised in patients of Metabolic syndrome and it is superior to serum Insulin levels as an early biomarker of the same.

Pattern of Regional Metasteses in Laryngeal Carcinoma

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-49
Author(s):  
Ali Imam Ahsan ◽  
Kamrul Hasan Tarafder ◽  
Sheikh Hasanur Rahman ◽  
Nasimul Jamal ◽  
Syed Farhan Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Laryngeal Carcinoma ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Prognostic Indicator ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Metastatic Node ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Physical Examination ◽  
Regional Metastases ◽  
General Physical

Background: Regional metastases to the cervical lymph node is common in laryngeal carcinoma and this is also the most important prognostic factor of the disease. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the frequency of cervical metastases related to the sites of laryngeal carcinoma and also to see the relation between primary site and level of metastatic node as well as the relation between T and N stage of the tumour. Methodology: This cross sectional study was done in the Department of Otolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka and Specialized ENT Hospital of SAHIC, Dhaka from April 2009 to March 2010. A total number of 50 patients who were histopathologically proven laryngeal carcinoma at any age with both sexes were included in this study. General physical examination and ENT examination was done thoroughly. Direct laryngoscopy was done under general anaesthesia to assess the site, size, and extension of the tumour as well as for staging and biopsy. Results: A total number of 60% laryngeal carcinoma patients presented with regional metastases to the cervical nodes. Highest cases among laryngeal carcinoma were supraglottic carcinoma (72.0%) which also showed the highest rate of lymph node metastases (72.2%). Most frequently involved levels of the neck were level II (56.7%) and level III (33.3%). It was also observed that the rate of regional metastases was increasing with the advancing T-stage of the disease. Conclusion: Regional metastases is a useful prognostic indicator of the laryngeal carcinoma. So, early detection of the disease has a great importance on the management of the disease. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jssmc.v4i2.14406 J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, 2012;4(2):47-49

scholarly journals Study on relationship of total bilirubin with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and associated risk factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Purushotham R. ◽  
Nitin Gudage ◽  
Anand Ambali
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Peroxyl Radicals ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Total Leucocyte Count ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Physical Examination ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
General Physical

Background: Cardiovascular risk factors for ACS are on the rise in people of Indian origin and ACS is now the leading cause of death. More recent evidence suggests that bilirubin is a potent physiological antioxidant that may provide important protection against atherosclerosis and inflammation. Substantial evidence has documented that the development of CAD involves lipid oxidation and formation of oxygen radicals as atherosclerosis and inflammation are associated with formation of oxygen and peroxyl radicals. Keep of these points in mind, the present study was undertaken to find relation between Serum Bilirubin and Acute Coronary Syndrome.Methods: The present descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at A.J Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Mangaluru from October 2016 to April 2017. A detailed history, general physical examination, systemic examination and investigations was performed on all patients who fulfill the inclusion criterion and age >18yrs, both sexes who are admitted in CCU.Results: Hypertension had statistically significant correlation with ACS. All risk factors were more associated with STEMI compared to unstable angina or NSTEMI. On Correlation of LDL and Total leucocyte count with bilirubin both were statistically significant when compared to bilirubin levels.Conclusions: The study showed an inverse correlation of bilirubin with ACS, which in shows fact that bilirubin acts as an antioxidant and has cardioprotective action and patients with ACS have lower levels of bilirubin. This can use as a factor for screening individuals who have high risk for ACS and preventive strategies applied in them before the onset of overt ACS. 

scholarly journals Semen parameters in male partners of sub-fertile couples.

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (01) ◽  
pp. 53-56
Author(s):  
Asim Iqbal Qureshi ◽  
Tehreem Rasheed ◽  
Ayesha Munir ◽  
Taqwa Firdous ◽  
Maria Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Male Partner ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Accessory Gland ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Male Partners ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Physical Examination ◽  
Testicular Dysfunction ◽  
General Physical

Objective: To evaluate the frequency of semen parameters in male partners of in sub-fertile couples. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Gynaecology, Bakhtawar Ameen Hospital, Multan. Period: July 2019 to July 2020. Material & Methods: Infertile couples from at least 12 months were selected for study. A team of Gynaecologist, andrologist and endocrinologist assessed the couples. In male partner, general physical examination, endocrine factor, genetic assessment, accessory gland infection and testicular dysfunction were evaluated. Semen sample was sent to laboratory for semen analysis. Results: In a total of 169 sub-fertile couples, the mean age of male and female partner were 37.98±4.54 years and 32.51±3.78 years respectively. Mean duration since marriage was 5.17±4.51 years. Abnormal semen parameters such as azoospermia, oilgo-azoospermia, asthenozoospermia, teratozoospermia and aspermia were noted 21 (12.4%), 26 (15.4%), 48 (28.4%), 18 (10.7%) and 10 (5.9%) subjects respectively. There were 46 (27.2%) subjects with normal semen parameters. Conclusion: Most of the male sub-fertile subjects had asthenozoospermia. More than one fourth of the subjects had normal semen parameters.

scholarly journals A study on otorhinolaryngological manifestations in pregnant women

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 1889
Author(s):  
Shallu Jamwal ◽  
Gopika Kalsotra ◽  
Monica Manhas ◽  
Apurva Raina ◽  
Parmod Kalsotra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Main Condition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Physical Examination ◽  
Nasal Symptoms ◽  
General Physical ◽  
Nose And Throat

<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pregnancy is characterized by various endocrinological and physiological changes affecting different organs including ear, nose and throat. Otorhinolaryngological manifestations in pregnant women are mainly due to changes in levels of sex hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. While majority of these conditions are benign and reverse after parturition, some do not. The study was conducted with an objective to find the incidence of various otorhinolaryngological manifestations among pregnant women and to create awareness among the medical professionals to diagnose these conditions.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Methods</strong>: This is a hospital based cross sectional study of 240 pregnant women who presented to the department of otorhinolaryngology with ENT symptoms. Detailed history, general physical examination and complete ENT examination was done on all subjects.</p><p><strong>Results</strong>: 47.9% of the study cases had otological manifestations among which otitis media was the main finding.</p><p>16.7 % of the cases had nasal symptoms among which rhinits was the main condition predominantly observed in the 3<sup>rd</sup> trimester. 19.6% of the cases had oral cavity lesions with stomatitis being the most commonly found cause. 15.8% of the cases had throat complaints, among which gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) was the most common cause found during 2<sup>nd</sup> and 3<sup>rd</sup> trimester.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Recognition and understanding of pregnancy related ear, nose throat complaints will allow otolaryngologist to reassure and manage these patients, improving their experience of the gestational period.</p>

Changes in the parameters of nasal breathing and parameters of the upper respiratory tract during orthognathic operations in patients with II and III skeletal class of jaw anomalies

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
S.Sh. Gammadaeva ◽  
M.I. Misirkhanova ◽  
A.Yu. Drobyshev
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Nasal Septum ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Nasal Breathing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Upper Respiratory

The study analyzed the functional parameters of nasal breathing, linear parameters of the nasal aperture, nasal cavity and nasopharynx, volumetric parameters of the upper airways in patients with II and III skeletal class of jaw anomalies before and after orthognathic surgery. The respiratory function of the nose was assessed using a rhinomanometric complex. According to rhinoresistometry data, nasal resistance and hydraulic diameter were assessed. According to the data of acoustic rhinometry, the minimum cross-sectional area along the internal valve, the minimum cross-sectional area on the head of the inferior turbinate and nasal septum and related parameters were estimated. According to the CBCT data, the state of the nasal septum, the inferior turbinates, the nasal aperture, the state of the nasal cavity, and the linear values of the upper respiratory tract (nasopharynx) were analyzed. The patients were divided into 4 groups according to the classification of the patency of the nasal passages by

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