Oral or nasal breathing; preferred breathing pattern for endodontics

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 2721-2723
Author(s):  
Usman Sana ◽  
Attique Ur Rehman ◽  
Faizan Haroon ◽  
Lubna Yousaf ◽  
Maryam Virda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Perception ◽  
Breathing Pattern ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Breathing Patterns ◽  
Nasal Breathing ◽  
Mild Pain ◽  
Numeric Pain Scale ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: The objective of study was to explore the relationship of breathing and pain during endodontic therapy. Materials and methods: 500 patients who presented in the department of operative dentistry were included in the study. Numeric pain scale was used to document the pain perceived during endodontic therapy. Results were analysed using SPSS version 23. Results: Among the 500 cases, 250 cases presented with mild pain, 158 presented with moderate pain while 92 presented with severe pain. 55.4% cases were of nasal breathers while 44.6% cases were of oral breathers. Conclusion: Patients presenting with nasal breathing pattern reported with mild pain perception during endodontic therapy when compared to patients who were oral breathers. Considering life style modifications like breathing patterns, body hydration and sleep impact the patient’s life and pain management during endodontic therapy. Educating patients on proper breathing and its benefits will have positive outcome on endodontic therapy. Keywords: Oral breathing, nasal breathing, pain perception, endodontics.

scholarly journals The Effect of Oral and Nasal Breathing on Pain Perception during Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1118-1120
Author(s):  
Usman Sana ◽  
Shakeel Ahmad ◽  
Iffat Umair Niazi ◽  
Naveed Inayat ◽  
Muhammad Muddassar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Anaesthesia ◽  
Severe Pain ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Breathing Pattern ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Moderate Pain ◽  
Nasal Breathing ◽  
Mild Pain ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Dental Local Anaesthesia

Background: Dental pain and anxiety is challenging problem during procedures. Breathing pattern has strong correlation with pain perception. Nasal breather patients have less pain perception than oral breather. Aim: To assess the role of breathing pattern and its impact on pain perception during painful dental procedures like dental local anaesthesia injections. Methods: 300 patients were randomly selected from dental departments of Islam dental college during 1st Jan 2020 till 31 Dec 2020 period. Verbal pain intensity scale was used among oral and nasal breather cases. Data was collected in proforma. Results were analysed statistically by SPSS version 23. Results: Among 300 cases, 150 cases had mild pain, 89 cases had moderate pain and 61 cases had severe pain. Among 150 mild pain cases, 120 mild pain cases were nasal breather while89 oral breather cases had moderate pain and 61 oral breather cases had severe pain. Nasal breather patient had mild pain perception than oral breather. Conclusions: Nasal breather has mild pain perception during dental anaesthesia than oral breather. Education and training of patient to practice nasal breathing can be recommended for oral breathers to become nasal breather preoperatively, this will help to reduce anxiety and pain perception during dental local anaesthesia injections. Keyword: Oral and nasal breather, pain perception, local anaesthesia

Respiratory Periodicity and Electroencephalogram Arousals During Sleep in Older Adults

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Waag Carlson ◽  
Virginia J. Neelon ◽  
John R. Carlson ◽  
Marilyn Hartman ◽  
Sunil Dogra
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Arterial Oxygenation ◽  
Type B ◽  
Breathing Patterns ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg

The aim of this exploratory study was to examine the relationship of electroencephalogram (EEG) arousals to breathing patterns and the relationship of both arousals and breathing patterns to arterial oxygenation during sleep in older adults. Five older adults were monitored using standard polysomnography. Records were divided into 5-min segments and breathing patterns identified based on the level of respiratory periodicity and the variability in the frequency of breathing cycles. Standard criteria were used to determine sleep states and occurrence of EEG arousals. High respiratory periodicity was seen in 23% of the segments, whereas 24% had low respiratory periodicity with minimal variability in the frequency of breathing (Type A low respiratory periodicity) and 53% had low respiratory periodicity with high variability in the frequency of breathing (Type B low respiratory periodicity). Nearly all (97%) segments with high respiratory periodicity had EEG arousals, whereas fewer segments (33%) with low respiratory periodicity had arousals, regardless of the stage of sleep. Desaturations occurred more often in segments with high respiratory periodicity, F (2,4) = 57.3, p < .001, but overall, the mean SaO2 of segments with high respiratory periodicity did not differ from levels seen in segments with low respiratory periodicity, F( 2,4) = 0.77, ns. Our findings suggest that high respiratory periodicity is a common feature of EEG arousals and, in older adults, may be important for maintaining oxygen levels during desaturations during sleep.

The Pain-Note smartphone app as a tool to measure the relationship between step count and pain levels (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahisa Ogawa ◽  
Luis Castelo-Branco ◽  
Chie Usui
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Step Count ◽  
Daily Step ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Daily Step Count ◽  
Different Response ◽  
The Relationship

BACKGROUND Chronic pain is the leading cause of disability, affecting nearly half of the global population. One of the recommended treatments for chronic pain is physical activity, which can be measured in daily life by a pedometer. However, low adherence to the pedometer use could result in incorrect measurements. Due to the ubiquitous use of smartphones, we developed the “Pain-Note” app to collect step count and moving distance. With the use of the Pain-Note app, we obtained the real-world information with a smartphone built-in pedometer and assessed the relationship between daily life step count and pain. OBJECTIVE The aim of our research is (1) to evaluate the association between the daily step count and pain level using a pedometer developed on the iPhone smartphone among patients with chronic pain, and (2) determine if the association between the daily step count and pain levels is curvilinear. METHODS We conducted cross-sectional research with data collected from the “Pain-Note” app on step count and questionnaires, including the duration and intensity of pain, the widespread pain index (WPI) and symptom severity score (SS score), the insomnia severity scale (ISS), and 7 questions for depressive symptoms. We analyzed the association between step count and pain levels considering a non-linear relationship using a restricted cubic spline model. RESULTS Between June 1, 2018 to June 11, 2020, a total of 6,138 records were identified and a total of 1,323 were analyzed. Participants in the 4th quartile (more than 5793 steps a day) had an increased number of step count significantly associated with less pain in numeric pain scale (mean difference, -0.38; 95%CI, -0.74- -0.02; P=.037), compared to the 1st quartile and the restricted cubic splines for the association between step count and pain scale displayed a steep decline followed by a moderate decrease as the step count increased. However, this association was not observed among those who met the fibromyalgia criteria. CONCLUSIONS Step count measured by the “Pain-Note”-based pedometer showed an association with pain levels with an inflection point among individuals with chronic pain, whereas among participants who met the fibromyalgia criteria there was no association. These findings suggest that participants who meet the criteria for fibromyalgia present a different response between walking and pain perception than those in the general chronic pain population.

Hydration Matters - Role of body Hydration in pain control during Endodontic Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3268-3270
Author(s):  
Usman Sana ◽  
Rizwan Arshad ◽  
Zubair Ahmed Khan ◽  
Muhammad Muddassar ◽  
Kamal Khan Hoti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Intake ◽  
Pain Control ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Data Collection And Analysis ◽  
Treatment Data ◽  
Operative Assessment ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Aim: To assess the relationship of body hydration levels and its impact on pain control during endodontic therapy. Methods: 500 patients were included who required endodontic therapy for irreversible pulpitis. Patient’s body weight was measured in kilograms, while their hydration was calculated the number of glasses of water consumed daily. The pain was measured using the numeric pain for the level of pain perceived during endodontic treatment. Data collection and analysis was done using SPSS version 23. Results: A significant correlations exist between patient’s pain perception during endodontic therapy and their body hydration levels. Our findings suggest that pain levels during endodontic procedures can be reduced with adequate body hydration. Conclusion: Pre-operative assessment of patient’s hydration can help reduce pain during endodontic treatment. Hence, it is important to consider adequately water intake to reduce pain during the endodontic treatment. Keywords: Water intake, body hydration, endodontic treatment, pain.

Movement Matters; How Physical Activity Impacts Endodontic Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 2073-2075
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shairaz Sadiq ◽  
Usman Sana ◽  
Arham Nawaz Chohan ◽  
Fareed Ahmad ◽  
Junaid Dayar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Numeric Pain Scale ◽  
Operative Assessment ◽  
Keywords Exercise

Objective: To understand impact of physical activity on pain perception in patients presenting with acute pulpitis for endodontic therapy. Study Design: It was quantitative correlational by design. Place and duration of study: Department of Operative Dentistry, Dental Section, Islam Dental College, Sialkot. Materials & Methods: 500 patients from the Dental Section of Islam Dental College Sialkot were included in this study. The correlation of movement/walk and pain during endodontic treatment was determined. Numeric pain scale was used to document pain. Activity was measured by the number of minutes of walk of the patient. Results: There is a significant association between physical activity/exercise and pain. Statistical significance between pain and exercise was -.158. Conclusion: Pre-operative assessment of physical activity may be a predictor of pain perceived by patients. Therefore, it is important to educate and consider patient’s physical activity to manage pain during the dental treatment. Life style modification may seems insignificant but has proven positive impact in pain management. Keywords: Exercise, local anaesthesia (LA), endodontic therapy, pain.

scholarly journals Hubungan Beban Kerja Fisik dengan Kejadian Low Back Pain (LBP) pada Kuli Panggul Beras di Pasar Induk Gedebage

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilda Hanifa ◽  
Deddy Koesmayadi ◽  
Yuli Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Physical Workload ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Prevalensi low back pain (LBP) di Indonesia 85–95% terjadi karena penyebab non-spesifik, di antaranya aktivitas fisik yang berat, mengangkat beban terlalu berat, postur tubuh statis saat bekerja, posisi bekerja, faktor gaya hidup, dan faktor psikologis. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui hubungan beban kerja fisik dengan kejadian low back pain (LBP) pada kuli panggul beras di Pasar Induk Gedebage. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Subjek penelitian terdiri atas 33 responden. Pengambilan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner dan observasi. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa sebagian besar responden mengalami kejadian LBP sebanyak 29 orang. Responden yang memiliki beban kerja fisik dengan beban 33–52 kg/angkat adalah sebanyak 23 orang dan kejadian LBP sebanyak 19 orang. Hasil ananisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara beban kerja fisik dan kejadian low back pain (p=0,372), namun terdapat faktor lain yang terkait dengan kejadian LBP, di antaranya usia, masa kerja, posisi angkat, dan skala nyeri. THE RELATIONSHIP OF PHYSICAL WORKLOAD WITH THE INCIDENCE OF LOW BACK PAIN (LBP) IN RICE HIP COOLIES AT PASAR INDUK GEDEBAGEThe prevalence of low back pain (LBP) in Indonesia is about 85–95%, it occurs due to non-specific causes, including heavy physical activity, lifting weights too heavy, static posture at work, working position, lifestyle factors, and psychological factors. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of physical workload with the incidence of low back pain (LBP) in rice hip coolies at Pasar Induk Gedebage. This research used observational analytic method with cross sectional approach. The research subjects consisted of 33 respondents. Data were collected by using questionnaires and observations. The results showed that the majority of respondents experienced LBP events as many as 29 people. Respondents who had a physical workload with a load of 33–52 kg/lift were 23 people, and LBP events were 19 people. Statistical analysis showed that there was no significant relationship between physical workload and the incidence of low back pain (p=0.372). Conclusion, there is no relationship between physical workload and the incidence of low back pain in rice hip coolies at Pasar Induk Gedebage, but there are other factors associated with LBP events, including age, work period, lifting position, and pain scale.

Effect of pressure and timing of contraction on human diaphragm fatigue

1982 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 1190-1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Bellemare ◽  
A. Grassino
Keyword(s):  
Breathing Pattern ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Time Base ◽  
Breathing Patterns ◽  
Transdiaphragmatic Pressure ◽  
Tension Time ◽  
Inspiratory Resistance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pressure Swing ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between the mean transdiaphragmatic pressure swing developed with each inspiration (Pdi) and the fraction of the breathing cycle time spent in inspiration (TI/Ttot) (Pdi X TI/Ttot) was related to the maximal time that such a run could be sustained (Tlim). Four normal subjects breathed with a constant breathing pattern for 45 min or until Pdi could no longer be sustained, whichever came first. The breathing patterns included Pdi of 0.15–0.90 of Pdimax and TI/Ttot of 0.15–1.0. Pdi was obtained by adjusting an inspiratory resistance, and the timing by monitoring tidal volume with time base from an oscilloscope. The Tlim of a run was found to be inversely related to both Pdi and TI/Ttot and hence inversely related to their product, following a quadratic hyperbole function. Pdi X TI/Ttot represents an index of the tension time of the diaphragm (TTdi). The breathing pattern that could be sustained more than 45 min was found to have a TTdi of about 0.15, which was termed critical TTdi. Above that value Tlim decreased as a function of TTdi. The results are consistent with Tlim being related to diaphragmatic blood flow limitation.

Fit-bitting the dog

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
Peter Buell Hirsch
Keyword(s):  
Data Gathering ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Corporate Leaders ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Digital Monitoring ◽  
Employee Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Monitoring Software ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the increasing use of data monitoring of employees by companies. As companies gather data on employees’ keystrokes and mouse clicks, as well as data on employees’ movements and interactions during the work day, they have an opportunity to strengthen the relationship of trust between employer and employee or weaken it. This viewpoint attempts to lay out some opportunities to have a positive outcome in this changing relationship. Design/methodology/approach The viewpoint looks at current practices in the monitoring of employees through secondary research into published sources to arrive at some hypotheses about how companies could create value for employees with the data they are gathering. Findings The viewpoint concludes that the dangers of poisoning the employer/employee relationship through intrusive monitoring and abuse of the data collected are very real. However, there is also an opportunity to empower employees with the very data being gathered on their behaviors and activities. Research limitations/implications The findings are based largely on anecdotal insights and the views of individual corporate leaders and proponents of monitoring software. Primary research will be required to assess the actual opinions of employees about the monitoring software being used by their employers. Practical implications Those companies that embrace the empowerment of employees through the sharing of data being gathered and practice transparency about its gathering will gain competitive advantage as a favored employer. Originality/value Although there have been a significant number of articles describing the expansion in the digital monitoring of employees, the author is not aware of any discussion of the potential of this data gathering to produce positive results for employees.

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