NATIONAL RECOVERY AND RESILIENCE PLAN EUROPEAN FUNDS MULTIPLIER ROLE AND POSSIBILITIES OF MINISTRY OF NATIONAL DEFENCE INVOLVEMENT IN THE PROCESS

This paper aims at expressing the manner in which the Ministry of National Defence (MoND) can benefit from direct support, efficient and significant financial support for the implementation of sustainable reforms and public investments, as provided in the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP).The situation triggered by COVID-19 brings about new awareness in Romania and among all the EU member states, through the economic-financial crisis, jobs crisis, health, education, research, innovation and digitalization crisis, which has an impact on the drop of revenues both at European and international level. We must agree that such pandemics should find us prepared and that the investments should be planned well beforehand, similarly to the creation of an army. The defence of a state requires costs, and the financial support allocated to the defence sector is visible in the results of the foreign and economic policy of Romania. From this perspective, the MoND has prepared a series of proposals included in a number of reforms and investments documents. Such reforms and investments are absolutely necessary to Romania and represent essential contributions to the NRRP.

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FINANCIAL SUPPORT (NOT TAX) OF THE ECONOMY IN THE EU COUNTRIES DUE TO THE PANDEMIC

EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA ◽

10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2021.11.03.039 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (11) ◽

pp. 251-257

Author(s):

Anzhelika L. Gendon ◽

◽

Galina F. Golubeva ◽

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Economic Policy ◽

Labor Market ◽

Financial Support ◽

The European Union ◽

Eu Countries ◽

Euro Pean ◽

Political Decisions ◽

Positive Factor ◽

The Eu

The article examines the financial support (not tax) of the economy in the EU countries due to the pandemic. A comprehensive vision of the situation and strategic planning are the foundation of the Euro-pean Union's economic policy. These qualities help to develop comprehensive measures to stabilize the labor market and entrepreneurship in the countries of the European Union in the context of a global emergency. A positive factor is also the fact that in an epidemic situation, political decisions of various states are aimed at introducing socially oriented measures that support their citizens.

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Connecting Europe Facility in the system of joint financing of the EU critical infrastructure

Fìnansi Ukraïni ◽

10.33763/finukr2021.10.061 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 (10) ◽

pp. 61-80

Author(s):

Robert BALAKIN ◽

Keyword(s):

Financial Support ◽

Critical Infrastructure ◽

Infrastructure Development ◽

The European Union ◽

Cohesion Policy ◽

Development Fund ◽

Eu Member States ◽

Special Rules ◽

Financing Infrastructure ◽

The Eu

The study shows components of financial support for the formation and development of critical infrastructure entities in the European Union. The sustainable functioning of critical infrastructure is aimed at the observance of common Union interests, given the existence of differences in the economic policy in different EU Member States. It was found that the development of Trans-European infrastructure programs is carried out within the framework of the EU Cohesion Policy. The Connecting Europe Facility is a key special tool for funding critical infrastructure in the EU transport, energy and digital services sectors. The Fund is mainly used to finance entities aimed at achieving the goals of the European Green Deal. Recommendations for Ukraine to take into account the experience of financial support regulation for the development of the EU critical infrastructure are substantiated. Based on the experience of the EU, the criteria for determining the priority of the project for financing critical infrastructure are highlighted. Based on the analysis of the formation and use of the Connecting Europe Facility as the main common instrument for financing the EU critical infrastructure, a conclusion was made on the feasibility of establishing a critical infrastructure development fund of Ukraine to support financing of key projects in transport, digital and energy infrastructure. Special rules for determining the eligible costs incurred for financing infrastructure projects at the expense of the critical infrastructure development fund of Ukraine are disclosed.

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Member states will drive EU foreign policy

Emerald Expert Briefings ◽

10.1108/oxan-db230000 ◽

2018 ◽

Keyword(s):

Foreign Policy ◽

United Kingdom ◽

Member States ◽

Content Type ◽

Eu Member States ◽

Eu Foreign Policy ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Policy Goals ◽

National Defence ◽

The Eu

Significance However, member states have the dominant foreign policy role in the EU. After Brexit, that will be France and Germany despite the United Kingdom insisting that it wants to maintain as close a relationship with the EU as possible. Impacts EU reformers will light on foreign policy as an area to drive forwarded integration. However, the EEAS lacks the competencies and institutional horsepower to be a force for integration. The strategic needs of the 27 post-Brexit EU members will be various, thus acting as a drag on integration. Smaller EU member states will see more advantage than larger ones in collectively pursuing foreign policy goals through Brussels. Larger member states will be unwilling to submit their national defence policies to greater EU authority.

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THE SCOPE OF FUNCTIONS AND STRENGHT OF INSTITUTIONS IN ECONOMIC POLICY OF THE EU MEMBER STATES FROM CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE. CONCEPTION OF ANALYSIS

Ekonomika ◽

10.15388/ekon.2011.0.959 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 90 (1) ◽

pp. 7-21

Author(s):

Ireneusz Jaźwiński

Keyword(s):

Economic Policy ◽

Eastern Europe ◽

Socioeconomic Development ◽

Central And Eastern Europe ◽

Economic Policies ◽

Member States ◽

Eu Member States ◽

Economic Development And Growth ◽

International Comparative ◽

The Eu

The manner of conducting economic policy determines various phenomena and socio-economic processes, including economic development and growth, to a considerable degree. A significant role in economic and social sciences is attributed to international comparative studies. The aim of the study was introduction of the conception for analysis of the scope of functions and strength of institutions on an exampleof the national policies of the EU member states from Central and Eastern Europe.The paper introduces the selected dimensions of economic policy in the EU member states from Central and Eastern Europe. On the basis of the use of existing indices, the measures of these dimensions are proposed. Also, elements of the typology of economic policies of these countries considering the selected policy dimensions are presented.The analyses show that there are differences among national economic policies of particular states of Central and Eastern Europe. From the standpoint of economic policy and its dimensions, the situation is most favourable in countries with the most powerful institutions: the Czech Republic and Estonia. It is crucial to strive after improvement of the quality of institutions in individual states, which should result in a faster socioeconomic development and an increased efficiency of the public authorities.

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Application of DEA for Evaluating the Efficiency of Economic Policy as Exemplified by EU Agriculture

Studia Historiae Oeconomicae ◽

10.1515/sho-2017-0011 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 163-176 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Lucyna Błażejczyk-Majka

Keyword(s):

Economic Policy ◽

Agricultural Production ◽

Production Efficiency ◽

Statistical Data ◽

Macro Level ◽

Economic Instruments ◽

Eu Member States ◽

Starting Point ◽

Applied Approach ◽

The Eu

Abstract The article presents how DEA is used to develop agricultural production efficiency rankings in the EU member states, which can be used as the starting point for evaluating the performance of currently used instruments of economic policy. In the article, statistical data from the FADN were used. Agricultural production was compared for three types of output and four types of input involved. The performed study demonstrated that in 18 out of 28 states, agricultural production had been run efficiently on a macro level. The applied approach also allowed for identifying the causes of inefficiency in the remaining ten states, providing indications for recommended changes in in the way economic instruments are used.

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PESCO, CARD, EDF: Strategy, Analysis, and Financing in the European Union Security Guaratee

Humanitarian vision ◽

10.23939/shv2020.02.001 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Lesia Dorosh ◽

◽

Vasyl Romanyk

Keyword(s):

Annual Review ◽

The European Union ◽

Strategy Analysis ◽

Member States ◽

Union Security ◽

Eu Member States ◽

Defence Research ◽

National Defence ◽

The Eu ◽

Comprehensive Study

In the article the authors analyze the institutional basis for strengthening the EU security and the implementation of specific projects designed to expand cooperation between the Member States in the defence and security sectors. The point at issue is about Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO); the Coordinated Annual Review on Defence (CARD) and the European Defence Fund (EDF). The relevance of the comprehensive study of PESCO, CARD, EDF, which activities are aimed at ensuring the strategic component of cooperation, the analysis of the defence sector and funding priorities in the security sphere of the Union have been proved. The authors claim that PESCO has become a key strategic initiative of the EU, CARD allows coordinating the development of military capabilities in the Member States; the EDF was created to coordinate, increase investment and improve defence interoperability between EU member states. The challenges faced within the functioning of these initiatives have been analyzed. It is alleged that a key challenge for the CARD is the unwillingness of Member countries to share national defence plans, as well as the available and potential coordination and harmonization of defence planning within NATO’s Defence Planning. The peculiarities of specific projects financed within the European Defense Fund (“Ocean 2020”, “Eurodrone”, “SPIDER”, “EuroSWARM”, “TRAWA”, “ACAMSII”, “Gossra”, “Vestlife”) have been analyzed. There is continued progress in the field of the EU security and defence: numerous defence projects have been initiated under PESCO; there is a synchronization of defence planning through the CARD; the investments in defence are stimulated by financing the defence research projects through the EDF, the improving military mobility is continuing; coordination of the EU-NATO cooperation is improving, etc.

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Regional Economic Integration organizationsthe European Union as an Example

The Oxford Handbook of International Environmental Law ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199552153.013.0037 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Ludwig Krämer

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Environmental Law ◽

International Environmental Agreements ◽

International Level ◽

The European Union ◽

Eu Member States ◽

Regional Organisation ◽

And Control ◽

The Eu

The European Union (EU), through the European Community (EC), is the only regional organisation that has the declared policy to pursue both the objectives of economic growth and environmental protection. At the international level, the EC has the competence to negotiate and conclude treaties with states that are not members of the EU. EU member states also participate in the negotiation and conclusion of international environmental agreements. As the EU increasingly tries to speak at the international level with one voice in environmental matters, it has the potential of progressively growing into the role of an important negotiator, initiator, and actor that influences the evolution of international law. This article first describes the EU's institutions and procedures, and then traces the development of EC environmental law. It also explores the characteristics of EU environmental law and policy, regulatory tools and approaches (command and control, economic instruments, etc.), concepts and principles in EU environmental law, sustainable development, and environmental rights. Finally, the article addresses lessons to learn from the EU environmental experience.

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International and Supranational Means of Protection of Taxpayers` Rights within the Framework of Automatic Exchange of Information on Financial Accounts: Experience of the European Union

Taxes ◽

10.18572/1999-4796-2021-1-30-35 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 30-35

Author(s):

Stanislav S. Ageev ◽

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Fundamental Rights ◽

European Convention ◽

International Level ◽

The European Union ◽

General Data Protection Regulation ◽

Eu Member States ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Financial Account ◽

The Eu

In this article the problem of protection of taxpayers’ rights in the context of automatic exchange of financial account information is studied. This problem is a particular case of a wider problem inherent to tax law in general — the problem of finding a balance between private and public interest. The author researches this problem on the example of the European Union since in the EU taxpayers have not only international but supranational remedies as well. On the international level the provisions of tax treaties, the EU Charter of fundamental rights and the European convention on human rights are analyzed. The conclusion on the advantages and disadvantages of each tax treaty is made. On the supranational level the Directive on administrative cooperation and General data protection regulation are studied. Then the conclusion on their influence on national legislation of the EU Member States follows. In the end the ways of improvement of taxpayers’ remedies on the international level are suggested. One of them is the additions to Multilateral convention on mutual administrative assistance in tax matters of 1988 that is currently the only universal tax treaty.

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Cohesive Growth in Europe: A Tale of Two Peripheries

Intereconomics ◽

10.1007/s10272-021-0964-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 56 (2) ◽

pp. 120-126

Author(s):

Michael Dauderstädt

Keyword(s):

Economic Policy ◽

Central And Eastern Europe ◽

Foreign Capital ◽

Domestic Demand ◽

Southern Europe ◽

Research Education ◽

Eu Member States ◽

Income Disparities ◽

Catch Up ◽

The Eu

AbstractOver the last two decades, income disparities between EU member states tended to decline, particularly before the financial crisis. While Central and Eastern Europe caught up with the EU average, Southern Europe fell behind after 2009. Catch-up growth in both peripheries relied on nominal convergence (real appreciation) and foreign capital. Further growth can and should be fostered by an economic policy that does not neglect domestic demand, stabilises capital markets and invests in research, education, health and intangibles.

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