The Role of Education in Economic Development

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-175
Author(s):  
John Woolhouse ◽  
Jill Cramphorn
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Education Sector ◽  
Strategic Partnerships ◽  
Culture Of Learning ◽  
Stage Process

A study of ways in which education was contributing to the economic regeneration of two large areas of England found that two main types of partnership had been created. In ‘strategic’ partnerships, the objectives included the development of coherent approaches and of a climate of collaboration between a range of organizations. ‘Operational’ partnerships were created to plan and implement specific projects. A three-stage process – involving the identification of priority issues, the assessment of existing and potential capabilities of the education sector and the analysis of effectiveness – could help create the culture of learning and enterprise essential to the development of a high-value-added economy.

Toward a dynamic capability theory of economic growth

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 1047-1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Sainsbury
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dynamic Capability ◽  
Alexander Hamilton ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Windows Of Opportunity ◽  
The Uk

Abstract New theories of economic growth that are policy-relevant and connect with the histories of success and failure in economic development are urgently needed. This article compares the neoclassical (or market efficiency) school of thought with the production-capability school of thought which included Alexander Hamilton, Friedrich List, and Joseph Schumpeter. Many affirmative, industrial policy steps by governments to promote economic development have been historically recorded—including in the UK and the United States. Meanwhile the neoclassical school has ignored the role of government in helping to create competitive advantage. It has also chosen to ignore how firms are formed, how technologies are acquired, and how industries emerge. The dynamic capability theory of economic growth developed here assigns the central role in economic growth to firms but also an important role to governments. The rate at which a country’s economy grows depends critically on whether its firms can build the capabilities to generate and take advantage of “windows of opportunity” that exist for innovation and new markets, and whether over time they are able to enhance their capabilities to move into higher value-added activities.1

scholarly journals The Role of Agricultural Sector Productivity in Economic Growth: The Case of Iran’s Economic Development Plan

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morteza Tahamipour ◽  
Mina Mahmoudi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Total Factor Productivity ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Total Factor Productivity Growth ◽  
Development Plan ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Economic Development Plan

This study provides the theoretical framework and empirical model for productivity growth evaluations in agricultural sector as one of the most important sectors in Iran’s economic development plan. We use the Solow residual model to measure the productivity growth share in the value-added growth of the agricultural sector. Our time series data includes value-added per worker, employment, and capital in this sector. The results show that the average total factor productivity growth rate in the agricultural sector is -0.72% during 1991-2010. Also, during this period, the share of total factor productivity growth in the value-added growth is -19.6%, while it has been forecasted to be 33.8% in the fourth development plan. Considering the effective role of capital in the agricultural low productivity, we suggest applying productivity management plans (especially in regards of capital productivity) to achieve future growth goals.

scholarly journals Transit in Regional Economic Development: The Case of the Kaliningrad Exclave

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 263-280
Author(s):  
Ksenia Yu. Voloshenko ◽  
Ivan S. Gumenyuk ◽  
Nils Göran Arne Roos
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
System Development ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Cge Model ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Kaliningrad Region ◽  
Regional Product ◽  
The Impact

The study analyses the role of the transit function in the development of a regional transport system drawing on the example of the Kaliningrad exclave region (Russia). The article studies the role and extent of the impact of changes in the volume and structure of transit operations on the value-added creation in the regional economy. The assessment of the transit function was conducted using analytical software for strategizing and situational forecasting of the socio-economic development of the Kaliningrad region, the analogue of which is the CGE-model. The article describes the results of the regional value-added modelling based on the integrated index of gross regional product (GRP) and the changing volume and structure of transit cargo. The article explores the transit specialisation options for the Kaliningrad region based on different scenarios of its social and economic development and the changes in external factors. The results can be applied to similar studies on assessing the transit potential of a particular territory and developing measures to support the transportation system development in other regions.

A Study of the Convergence Between Entrepreneurship, Government Policy, and Higher Education in Oman

2022 ◽  
pp. 44-69
Author(s):  
William Williams ◽  
Helena H. Knight ◽  
Richard Rutter ◽  
Megan Mathias
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Education Sector ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystem ◽  
Distinct Subset ◽  
Indigenous Entrepreneurs

This chapter examines the inter-relationships between government policy and higher education in the development of entrepreneurship in Oman. Grounded in Isenberg's entrepreneurship ecosystem framework, the role of higher education in driving entrepreneurialism, as a distinct subset of ‘education capital', is examined in the context of policy development and implementation in Oman. Interviews are utilised to gain insights into government initiatives deployed in the Omani higher education sector to develop indigenous entrepreneurs. Findings point to a dislocation between the approaches adopted in Omani higher education institutions and the context in which they have been employed. This is evidenced through three emergent themes: a desire for ‘joined-up' policy on entrepreneurship, the role of higher education institutions in encouraging entrepreneurship, and the challenge of work preference. The study concludes that a lack of holistic appreciation of the entrepreneurial ecosystem precludes the emergence of entrepreneurship as a driver of sustainable economic development in Oman.

scholarly journals Structural development and regional concentration of agriculture in Finland in 1975–2008

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 440-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olli Voutilainen ◽  
Toivo Muilu ◽  
Olli Wuori
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Structural Development ◽  
Development Trends ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
Regional Concentration

This article analyses structural and regional development and concentration of agriculture in terms of jobs and value of production, here value added, in Finland during 1975–2008 based on statistical and georeferenced data. The empirical results showed us that, while the relative socioeconomic importance of agriculture has decreased all over Finland, the role of agriculture varies a great deal between regions. Agricultural development trends both in terms of number of jobs and value of production, have been different from total economic development since the mid-1980s. As with economic functions in general, a regional concentration trend has taken place in agriculture. However, this trend has been stronger in all industries together and compared to other industries, agriculture as a whole is still regionally evenly dispersed. The reasons behind this can be found in historical, societal and political factors, and tight connections between agriculture and surrounding land and natural circumstances. 

scholarly journals MANUFACTURING AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE WORLD FOR 2000-2015:MAIN FEATURES AND CHALLENGES

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 73-98
Author(s):  
Maria-Carmen GUISAN
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Econometric Model ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Real Value ◽  
Year 2000

We analyze the evolution of manufacturing and non manufacturing activities in 132countries for the period 2000-2015, including a summary based on 4 previous studies. Forthe period 2000-2010 we find that the average real value-added of manufacturing percapita in Africa has been very low in both years, from 278 to 282 Dollars at 2005 pricesand PPPs. The average of Asia has increased from 903 in year 2000 to 1443 in year 2010.The averages of America and the group of Europe and Eurasia have reached values higherthan 3000 both in year 2000 and 2010, with a slight decrease for the period 2000-2010.We include the estimation of an econometric model to show the positive impact ofmanufacturing on non-manufacturing production and on economic development. Thisresults, as well as other studies, are an strong support to the Kaldor´s perspective on theimportant role of industry on economic development. In order to reach the SocialDevelopment Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations, we think that it is important to increasethe presence of this type of studies and economic policies related with Worlddevelopment in the televisions, newspapers and other social media, in order to fosterinternational cooperation to the eradication of poverty and increase of quality of life.

scholarly journals The Place and Role of the Service Sector in Achieving Strategic National Goals A. Voloskov

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 78-98
Author(s):  
Aleksey B. Voloskov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Impact

The article proposes to characterize the place and role of the service sector in the implementation of national goals of economic development for the period up to 2030, a method for determining a quantitative assessment of indicators of development of the service sector, based on the use of model tools based on the apparatus of the input-output table system. The current state of the service sector in the country is briefly described. The service sector in the article is understood as a set of types of services presented in the table of the use of goods and services in basic prices from the system of input-output tables for 2017. The article shows the place of certain types of services in the implementation of indicators of national goals of economic development. For experimental calculations based on the initial table of the use of goods and services at basic prices from the system of input-output tables for 2017, a worksheet was constructed in which some types of economic activities and products were aggregated into conditional sectors of the economy, and from some types were singled out some, directly involved in the implementation of national goals. Calculations according to the worksheet allowed us to quantify the impact of growth in the volume of services on the value of gross value added and the hypothetical values of investment resources required to achieve indicators of national goals.

scholarly journals Value-added tax and economic efficiency: Role of country governance

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sok-Gee Chan ◽  
Zulkufly Ramly ◽  
Mustapha Zulkhairi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Corporate Tax ◽  
Institutional Factor ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Moderating Role

This paper examines the impact of VAT on economic efficiency, which while regarded as distortionary remains inevitable for economic development. Using data from 115 countries from 1984 to 2014, this research further investigates the moderating role of country governance on the link between VAT and economic efficiency. The results suggest that the extent to which country governance mitigates the effect of VAT on economic efficiency is contingent upon the way the country groups prioritize the development of each institutional factor. We find that high corporate tax countries benefit more from higher quality country governance. These findings confirm the role of country governance in better enforcement of tax policy to create less detrimental effects for economic growth. Therefore, better country governance makes taxation more affordable in high corporate tax countries.

scholarly journals Peranan Teknologi Dalam Pertumbuhan Sektor Transportasi Dan Komunikasi Di Indonesia : 1977-2007

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-188
Author(s):  
Alkadri Alkadri
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Production Function ◽  
Calculation Method ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Growth Accounting ◽  
Communication Sector ◽  
Douglas Production Function

Application of technologtj in economic development of a nation spread across various eronomic sectors,including transportation and communication sector. In Indonesia, the progress achieved bytransportation and communication sector-especially in terms of value added grawth- over the lastthree decades can not be separated from the role of technological progress in this sector. By using t.otalfactor productivihj (TFP) approach as a indicator for the role of technological progress, this papertries to calculate and analyze how much the role of technological progress in the grawth of transportationand communication sector. Calculation method used is growth accounting method whichapplied to the Cobb-Douglas production function. The calculations shaw that during the period1977-2007 transportation and communication sector achieved grawth rate m;erage 7.77% per year,where 2.29% of which came from the contribution of technological progress (TFPG). The role of thistechnology is greater than the role of labor grawth (1.85%), but slightly belaw the role of capitalgrowth (3.63%). These results imply that the development of technology in transportation andcommunication sector must be increased again in the coming years in order t.o encourage the growthof transportation and communication sect.or higher.Keywords : Tecknologi, Transportataion and Komunication, Total Factor ProductivihJ

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