scholarly journals COMPOSIÇÃO FLORÍSTICA E ESTRATÉGIAS DE DISPERSÃO E REGENERAÇÃO DE GRUPOS FLORÍSTICOS EM FLORESTAS ESTACIONAIS DECIDUAIS NO RIO GRANDE DO SUL

FLORESTA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Callegari Scipioni ◽  
Franklin Galvão ◽  
Solon Jonas Longhi
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecology ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Forest Community ◽  
Forest Communities ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Ecological Guilds ◽  
Floristic Similarity

 As Florestas Estacional Decidual Aluvial e Submontana encontram-se ao longo de um gradiente topográfico com variações geomorfológicas e pedológicas. Para entender as variações das guildas ecológicas e do contingente geográfico das comunidades florestais em uma microbacia do rio Jacuí, no Rio Grande do Sul, foram alocadas 200 parcelas de 100 m², distribuídas em 40 pontos amostrais, com 5 parcelas cada, desde as cabeceiras de drenagem até a planície de inundação do referido rio. Em cada unidade amostral foram medidos e identificados todos os indivíduos lenhosos com diâmetro à altura do peito de ≥5 cm. A partir da amostra total, foi realizada uma análise de agrupamento de similaridade florística, resultando em três comunidades florestais distintas. Elas foram nomeadas de formações aluvial e submontana e área dominada por ambas as formações. Para a amostra total e dos grupos obtidos, foram determinadas as porcentagens de contribuição das espécies e indivíduos, por meio da classificação de guildas ecológicas de dispersão de diásporos e grupos ecológicos, além dos contingentes fitogeográficos. O contingente geográfico de composição das comunidades florestais foi dominado por espécies de ampla distribuição. Os padrões das guildas ecológicas entre os grupos foram distintos. Entretanto, todos os grupos apresentaram maior contribuição de espécies zoocóricas.Palavras-chave: Comunidades florestais; fitogeografia; similaridades florísticas; ecologia florestal. AbstractFloristic composition and dispersal and regeneration strategies of woody species in Deciduous Seasonal Forests. The connected fragments of submontane and alluvial deciduous forests are present along the topographic gradient with large pedological and geomorphological variations. In order to understand the variations of ecological guilds and geographical contingent of forest community in a watershed, 200 plots of 100 m² divided into 40 sampling points with five plots each were distributed from the headwaters to the floodplain of the Jacuí River. In each sampling unit were identified and measured all woody plants with diameter at breast height ≥ 5 cm. From the total sample was performed a cluster analysis of floristic similarity, resulting in three forest communities. These were termed formation, submontane and alluvial, and the area dominated by both formations.For the total sample and the groups was determined the percentage contribution of species and individuals, by classification of ecological guilds of dispersal of seeds and regeneration and geographic quotas. The geographic contingent composition of forest communities was dominated by species of wide distribution. The patterns of ecological guilds were different between groups. However, all groups revealed higher contribution of zoocoric species. Keywords: Forest communities; phytogeography; floristic similarity; forest ecology.

scholarly journals Reptilia, Serpentes, Dipsadidae, Gomesophis brasiliensis (Gomes, 1918): distribution extension in state of Santa Catarina, Brazil

Check List ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Barbisan Fortes ◽  
Elaine Maria Lucas ◽  
Vinícius Matheus Caldart
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Species Range ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Aquatic Habitats ◽  
The West ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Distrito Federal ◽  
South Brazil

The Brazilian burrowing snake, Gomesophis brasiliensis, occurs in aquatic habitats such as swamps, from Minas Gerais and Distrito Federal until Rio Grande do Sul. In spite of this wide distribution, the species’ geographic range still remains unclear. This note reports the occurrence of G. brasiliensis in the municipality of Vargem Bonita, state of Santa Catarina, south Brazil, extending the species’ range ca. 80 km to the west in this state.

scholarly journals Eimeria spp. infection in lambs from southern Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 871-874
Author(s):  
Natália S. Martins ◽  
Sara P. da Motta ◽  
Carolina C. Santos ◽  
Andrios S. Moreira ◽  
Nara A.R. Farias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Eimeria Species ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Sheep Industry ◽  
Eimeria Spp ◽  
Potential Damage ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT: Eimeria infections are common in the sheep industry worldwide. Lambs are more susceptible to coccidiosis, especially in stressful conditions, being infected by different species of the parasite. Eimeria crandallis and Eimeria ovinoidalis are considered the most pathogenic, causing reduced growth, dehydration, anorexia, and death. In this study, the frequency of Eimeria species was evaluated in lambs from the southern region of the Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. Fecal samples from 248 lambs, from 19 farms, were tested for the presence of oocysts. The positive samples were re-examined and the sporulated oocysts analyzed morphometrically to identify the presence of Eimeria species. In 100% of the evaluated farms, there were animals positive for the protozoan. The frequency of Eimeria species was: E. ovinoidalis (94.74%), E. crandallis (89.47%), E. granulosa (78.95%), E. parva (68.42%), E. ahsata (63.13%), E. punctata (42.11%), E. bakuensis (36.84%), E. faurei (10.53%), and E. pallida (5.26%). Mixed infection was found in 94.74% of the samples. This research describes, for the first time, the occurrence of E. crandallis and E. ovinoidalis infecting lambs in the study area. The wide distribution of this protozoan and the high frequency of pathogenic species show the importance and potential damage of sheep coccidiosis in herds from Rio Grande do Sul.

scholarly journals Ovine Eimeria infections in southern Brazil – prevalence and risk factors

2022 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-240
Author(s):  
Natália Soares Martins ◽  
◽  
Sara Patron da Motta ◽  
Carolina Caetano dos Santos ◽  
Andrios da Silva Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Eimeria Species ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Animal Density ◽  
Eimeria Spp

Eimeria infections are common in sheep industry worldwide, however information about their epidemiology is scarce in southern state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Therefore, a cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the prevalence, species characterization, and associated risk factors between Eimeria species and sheep flocks. Fecal samples from 428 sheep from 21 farms were tested for the presence of oocysts. The overall prevalence of Eimeria spp. was 68.69% and was significantly affected by age of the sheep, with highest prevalence in animals under 18 months of age. Eight Eimeria species were identified. Eimeria ovinoidalis (85.71%) was the most common, followed by Eimeria crandallis (80.95%), Eimeria granulosa (78.95%), Eimeria ahsata (61.90%), Eimeria faurei (42.86%), Eimeria bakuensis (38.10%), Eimeria punctata (14.29%), and Eimeria pallida (9.52%). All herds were positive, with concomitant infections. Among management and husbandry practices; farm size, animal density, farming system, breeding objectives, and pasture system influenced the prevalence of Eimeria species. The infection was more prevalent on small farms with high animal density, in sheep raised for meat, semi-intensive system, and rotational grazing (p < 0.05). The wide distribution of this protozoan and the high frequency of pathogenic species show the importance and potential damage of coccidiosis in sheep flocks in Rio Grande do Sul.

Long-term effects of smelter pollution at Sudbury, Ontario, on forest community composition

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (19) ◽  
pp. 2123-2140 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Freedman ◽  
T. C. Hutchinson
Keyword(s):  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Forest Community ◽  
Soil Toxicity ◽  
Residual Soil ◽  
Forest Communities ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Ground Flora ◽  
Vigorous Growth ◽  
Remnant Forest

Forest communities were quantitatively analyzed along a south-southeast transect from a large, 70- to 80-year-old smelter complex near Sudbury, Ontario. None currently exist within 3 km SSE of this smelter. At distances of up to 8 km, pockets of remnant forest communities of various sizes occur, mainly on protected slopes and in valley bottoms. Most hilltops are bare of vegetation, denuded of soil, and blackened from the effects of sulfur dioxide fumigations. Beyond this distance, the forests are more or less continuous, although there are still some bare hilltops as far as 15 km from the smelter. The forests which do occur are relatively depauperate in terms of tree diversity and biomass at the closer sites. Similar effects on the ground flora are also documented, although the forest canopy appears to be more greatly affected than the ground flora. Certain species are widely distributed in the inner polluted areas, while others, notably conifers and such ground flora components as bracken fern and most lichens and bryophytes, are absent from sites closer to the smelter.Some changes in the plant communities close to the Copper Cliff smelter have occurred subsequent to the building of a tall (380 m) smokestack in 1972. These have mainly occurred at sites where soils remain, where residual soil toxicity is not excessive, and where midsummer drought is not severe. Colonization has largely involved the spread of such pioneer grasses as Agrostis hyemalis var. tenuis, A. stolonifera var. major, and Deschampsia caespitosa, and more vigorous growth of certain surviving woody species. The recovery of denuded, blackened hilltops, essentially a primary succession on naked Precambrian bedrock, will be a much slower process.

scholarly journals Status and life strategy of Orchis punctulata Steven ex Lindl. (Orchidaceae) in the South-Eastern Crimea 

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 407-423
Author(s):  
Viktoria Yu. Letukhova ◽  
Irina L. Potapenko
Keyword(s):  
Population Studies ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Forest Community ◽  
Life Strategy ◽  
Forest Communities ◽  
Mountain Ridge ◽  
Steppe Communities ◽  
Eastern Crimea ◽  
Large Clusters ◽  
Steppe Community

This article presents the results of the population studies of rare protected species Orchis punctulata (Orchidaceae). Based on analysis of local floras in eastern and southeastern Crimea and personal observations, we identified the three most numerous populations of O. punctulata: two in the steppe (on the Tepe-Oba mountain ridge) and one in forest communities (on the Kiziltash mountain ridge). The ontogenetic, demographic, and vitality structures of the populations were studied. We also assessed the life strategies of the species in different habitats. The populations in steppe communities were characterized by high number and density parameters. O. punctulate often formed large clusters and was dominated here. A small number and low density characterized the population in the forest community; the distribution of individuals within the population was scattered. The age spectra were also different. The populations in steppe communities had a left-sided spectrum with a maximum in immature individuals, while in forest communities, it had a bimodal spectrum with maximums in generative (with a predominance of mature and old generative) and immature individuals. Specimens from forest communities were more extensive than those of steppe communities, they had longer leaves and inflorescences, and their inflorescences had a more significant number of flowers. As a result, the population in the forest community had a higher vitality index. It included individuals of the highest and middle class of vitality. The populations in the steppe community consisted of all classes of vitality or only of middle and lower classes. Thus, optimal environmental conditions for the growth of species are in forests. At the same time, a low level of regeneration and competition from other plants&nbsp;hinder its wide distribution. As a result, the species exserts as a phytocenotic patient (S-strategy). In steppe communities, the species is characterized by a mixed patient-explerant-violant strategy (SRC strategy).

scholarly journals CLINICAL AND HEMATOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF LEISHMANIASIS SERUM-POSITIVE DOGS IN RIO GRANDE DO SUL

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Lourdes Caruccio Hirschmann ◽  
Caroline Ferreira Simon ◽  
Claudiomar Soares Brod ◽  
Jaqueline Radin ◽  
Cíntia Saydelles Da Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Leishmania Chagasi ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Hematological Evaluation

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a zoonotic infection causing chronic and systemic disease in numerous mammals. It is caused by the Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi protozoan and transmitted by bites from the female phlebotomine Lutzomyia longipalpis. Rio Grande do Sul is a Brazilian state that was considered VL-free. However, in 2008, canine VL was detected in Western cities of the state. Lutzomyia longipalpis is the main vector of VL and despite having a wide distribution in Brazil, only in 2009 was identified in São Borja, Rio Grande do Sul, in the urban area of the city. The present study evaluated the prevalence of canine VL in kennels managed by local and non-governmental organizations, unstudied areas of Rio Grande do Sul. The dogs were subjected to general, tegumentary, and lymph node examinations. A complete blood count, parasitological and serological examinations were also performed. The serum-positive dogs showed dermatological lesions, normocytic normochromic anemia, thrombocytopenia and neutrophilic leukocytosis. Our investigation of non-endemic districts confirms the presence of oligosymptomatic dogs in Rio Grande do Sul.

scholarly journals ANATOMIA DO LENHO CARBONIZADO DE 10 ESPÉCIES NATIVAS DA PLANÍCIE COSTEIRA DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL – SUBSÍDIO A PESQUISAS ARQUEOBOTÂNICAS E PALEOECOLÓGICAS

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (27) ◽  
pp. 480 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Ávila ◽  
Claudia Giongo ◽  
Rita Scheel-Ybert
Keyword(s):  
Reference Material ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Taxonomic Identification ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Casearia Sylvestris

RESUMO: Antracologia é o estudo do carvão arqueológico ou de origem sedimentar a partir da anatomia do lenho. Uma correta identificação depende de um bom conhecimento da anatomia do lenho e de material de referência adequado. Neste artigo descrevemos a anatomia do carvão de dez espécies nativas que ocorrem na Planície Costeira do Rio Grande do Sul – Lithraea brasiliensis, Schinus polygamus (Anacardiaceae), Ilex dumosa (Aquifoliaceae), Ocotea pulchella (Lauraceae), Myrcia palustris, Myrrhinium atropurpureum (Myrtaceae), Guapira opposita (Nyctaginaceae), Randia ferox (Rubiaceae), Casearia sylvestris (Salicaceae) e Chrysophyllum marginatum (Sapotaceae). A estrutura anatômica da madeira se preservou perfeitamente após carbonização, apesar de ter ocorrido redução de massa e contração anisotrópica. As pequenas variações induzidas por estes fenômenos não interferem na qualidade do carvão nem no potencial de identificação dos taxa. Os resultados obtidos corroboram a viabilidade da identificação taxonômica a partir da anatomia do carvão.ABSTRACT: Anthracology is the study of charcoal from archaeological or sedimentary contexts based on wood anatomy. A proper identification depends on a good knowledge of charcoal anatomy as well as on the availability of appropriate reference material. In this paper we describe the charcoal anatomy of ten woody species that occur at Rio Grande do Sul Coastal Plain (Southern Brazil) – Lithraea brasiliensis, Schinus polygamus (Anacardiaceae), Ilex dumosa (Aquifoliaceae), Ocotea pulchella (Lauraceae), Myrcia palustris, Myrrhinium atropurpureum (Myrtaceae), Guapira opposita (Nyctaginaceae), Randia ferox (Rubiaceae), Casearia sylvestris (Salicaceae) and Chrysophyllum marginatum (Sapotaceae). The wood anatomical structure was perfectly preserved after carbonization, despite mass loss and anisotropic shrinkage. The small variations due to these properties do not affect charcoal quality nor its identification potential. The results here obtained attest of the reliability of taxonomic identification from charcoal anatomy.

Estudo da Dispersão do Monóxido de Carbono Associado a Emissão Veicular na Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre com o Sistema de Modelagem Numérica CCATT - BRAMS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Leandra ávila da Silva ◽  
Marcelo Félix Alonso ◽  
Sabrina Feltes de Moura ◽  
Túlio Felipe Verdi Filho
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Porto Alegre

Resumo O monitoramento contínuo da qualidade do ar local é extremamente importante para a gestão ambiental de uma cidade, mas nem sempre viável pelo alto custo dos equipamentos. Por conta disso, investe-se muito na utilização da modelagem numérica no estudo da qualidade do ar, que é altamente dependente de inventários de emissões dos poluentes e seus precursores. Nesse contexto o objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um estudo da dispersão do monóxido de carbono (CO) na Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre, no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, utilizando o sistema de modelagem numérica CCATT-BRAMS, com ênfase nas fontes veiculares. Foram analisados dois períodos - janeiro de 2009 e janeiro de 2016 - utilizando-se as informações dos inventários de gases precursores elaborados pela FEPAM para os anos base de 2009 e 2013, respectivamente, distribuídos espacialmente com o auxílio do pré-processador de emissões PREP-CHEM-SRC utilizado pelo CCATT-BRAMS. No geral, as simulações representaram coerentemente os dados observados pela rede de monitoramento, com RMSE abaixo de 0,3 na maioria das estações avaliadas. Análises de sensibilidade também revelaram que, para o período avaliado, aproximadamente 40% da concentração de CO sobre a cidade de Porto Alegre foi devido ao transporte de larga escala, proveniente das cidades localizadas ao norte, dentro da Região Metropolitana.

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