Protecting Asian Elephants from Linear Transport Infrastructure: The Asian Elephant Transport Working Group’s Introduction to the Challenges and Solutions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob Ament ◽  
Sandeep Kumar Tiwari ◽  
Melissa Butynski ◽  
Becky Shu Chen ◽  
Norris Dodd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Asian Elephant ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Asian Elephants ◽  
Linear Transport ◽  
South And Southeast Asia ◽  
In The Wild

Asian elephants are endangered across their remaining home ranges in South and Southeast Asia. According to recent estimates, fewer than 52,000 individuals remain in the wild across 13 range states. Ongoing loss and fragmentation of habitat, increasingly caused by the development and operation of linear transport infrastructure (LTI) - such as roads, railways, and highways - is now exacerbating these threats. The Asian Elephant Transport Working Group (AsETWG) began collaboration in early 2019 to focus its efforts on developing solutions for conserving core habitats and decreasing mortality and barriers to Asian elephant movement. This publication marks a first milestone in AsETWG's work. It highlights the impacts that LTI has on Asian elephants and their habitats, addresses existing frameworks for reducing elephant-transport conflicts, provides seven case studies and a focus on emerging technologies, and makes general recommendations for inspiring urgent and practical actions.

scholarly journals Assessing the Psychological Priorities for Optimising Captive Asian Elephant (Elephas maximus) Welfare

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jake Stuart Veasey
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Asian Elephant ◽  
Evolutionary Significance ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Asian Elephants ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Human Care ◽  
Species Specific

The welfare status of elephants under human care has been a contentious issue for two decades or more in numerous western countries. Much effort has gone into assessing the welfare of captive elephants at individual and population levels with little consensus having been achieved in relation to both the welfare requirements of captive elephants, or their absolute welfare status. A methodology capable of identifying the psychological priorities of elephants would greatly assist in both managing and assessing captive elephant welfare. Here, a Delphi-based Animal Welfare Priority Identification System© (APWIS©) is trialled to evaluate the reliability of the methodology and to determine the welfare significance of individual behaviours and cognitive processes for Asian elephants (Elaphus maximus). APWIS© examines the motivational characteristics, evolutionary significance and established welfare impacts of individual behaviours and cognitive processes of each species being assessed. The assessment carried out here indicates appetitive behaviours essential for survival in the wild, together species-specific social and cognitive opportunities are likely to be important to the welfare of Asian elephant in captivity. The output of this assessment, for the first time, provides comprehensive species-specific psychological/welfare priorities for Asian elephants that should be used to inform husbandry guidelines, habitat design and management strategies and can also provide a valuable reference tool for Asian elephant welfare assessment. The effective application of these insights could lead to substantive improvements in captive Asian elephant welfare.

Pathways to Authoritarian Rule

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Haggard ◽  
Robert R. Kaufman
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Authoritarian Rule ◽  
Weak Institutions ◽  
South And Southeast Asia ◽  
Show Evidence

This chapter examines institutional weaknesses explaining reversion to autocracy, asking in particular whether the specific causal mechanisms that have been identified with the weak democracy syndrome can also be used to explain elite-reaction reversions or populist reversions. It also asks whether praetorianism, weak institutions, and economic crisis in these cases generate opportunities and incentives for military coups or incumbent backsliding. The chapter first considers a cluster of civil war African cases and compares them with Niger. It then turns to cases in South and Southeast Asia (Pakistan) and Latin America (Peru), along with European examples, and proceeds with an analysis of the cases of Burundi and Thailand, both of which show evidence of the weak democracy syndrome. It concludes with a discussion of case studies of the seizures of power in Ghana and Haiti, both of which also show strong evidence of the weak democracy syndrome.

Money and Moralities

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryll Alipio ◽  
Lan Anh Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Global Capitalism ◽  
South And Southeast Asia ◽  
The Social ◽  
Moral Economies ◽  
Neoliberal Policies

The editorial introduction begins with a contextualization of how neoliberal policies, along with global capitalism, vary and are experienced differently in the settings described in the volume. In presenting nine chapters of case studies from across South and Southeast Asia, the introduction develops a framework for the conceptualization of contemporary Asia as an interconnected and transnational region in which money and morality have an ever-expanding role in people’s everyday lives. Following a critical review of the international scholarship on money and moralities, the introduction discusses how the chapters speak to each of the volume’s three sub-themes: ‘Money and Moral Selfhood in the Market Economy’, ‘Social Currencies and the Morality of Gender’, and ‘The Social Life of Money in Asian Moral Economies’.

scholarly journals Ophiophagy by banded krait (Bungarus fasciatus) exposed by a road kill

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-127
Author(s):  
L. Biakzuala ◽  
Malsawmtluanga Malsawmtluanga ◽  
H.T. Lalremsanga
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Venomous Snake ◽  
Road Kill ◽  
Total Length ◽  
South And Southeast Asia ◽  
Road Width ◽  
Prey Items

Bungarus fasciatus (Schneider, 1801) is a nocturnal, large bodied krait species, widely distributed throughout South and Southeast Asia. It is found at a variety of habitats with relatively large home ranges. The ophiophagous diet of this venomous snake comprises a broad spectrum of prey items, even including its congener B. caeruleus. It also preys on skinks, fish, frogs, and eggs of snakes. On 16 June 2021, at 2105 h, a fresh road-kill of an adult male B. fasciatus (total length 1.46 m) was observed on a newly constructed tarmac road (width of road ~6 m) at New Khawlek (23°19'16.00"N, 92°38'36.95"E; alt. 715 m a.s.l.), Lunglei District, Mizoram, India. It seems the krait remained vulnerably exposed on the motorway while consuming a redtail pit-viper, Trimeresurus erythrurus (Cantor, 1839) (total length 48.8 cm), and was fatally run over while busy swallowing more than half of the length of its prey, most probably a few minutes prior to our arrival at the site.

scholarly journals Applying Post-Legislative Scrutiny to the Analysis of Legislation and SDGs in South and Southeast Asia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franklin De Vrieze ◽  
Fotios Fitsilis
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Research Question ◽  
National Level ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
South And Southeast Asia ◽  
The Law ◽  
Multi Stakeholder

Post-Legislative Scrutiny (PLS) is an emerging oversight technique which is applied by parliaments to scrutinise implementation and impact of specific laws or legal frameworks. This article takes stock of PLS practices in countries in South and Southeast Asia and argues that PLS can also be used to scrutinise complex processes at the national or supra-national level, such as the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). First, a wide introduction and the state of play in PLS is provided, with reference to different parliamentary and development approaches emerging from the application of PLS in parliaments worldwide, followed by two specific case studies: the law on microfinance in Myanmar and the law on social practice reform in Nepal. The examination of these case studies offers insights about the application of scrutiny techniques in different parliaments. The outcome of the analysis is used to respond to the main research question of this contribution: whether PLS techniques can be applied for the oversight of extended processes, as is the case with the implementation of SDGs. For this, details of the first world study on parliamentary oversight of SDGs are presented, with a regional focus on South and Southeast Asia. The results seem to support the authors’ claim that PLS as a technique can facilitate oversight both of specific legal provisions and complex multi-stakeholder processes, such as the monitoring of SDGs.

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