scholarly journals Pathways to Alcohol Abuse by School Going Adolescents: A Case Study of Chibombo District of Zambia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-122
Author(s):  
Crispin Ngoma ◽  
Mwiya L Imasiku
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Guidance And Counseling ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negative Emotional State ◽  
School Guidance

This article explores adolescents' experiences of alcohol use and abuse in two boarding High Schools of Chibombo District of Zambia. A cross- sectional study design with an emphasis on qualitative approach was done on school pupils in Chibombo district. The study group comprised of 162 pupils both males and females aged between 16 and 20 years and two teachers in charge of school guidance and counseling. The present study employed three data collection strategies: Focus group discussions with 48 pupils, in-depth interviews with two teachers and a survey questionnaire with 92 pupils. The results revealed that factors that induce pupils to engage in alcohol abuse include easy access to cheap alcohol and peer pressure. It was further found out that personal factors such as negative emotional state, pupil's expectations about the function of alcohol are the main causes of alcohol abuse among pupils. In addition to punitive measure against pupils who abuse alcohol, assessment and psychotherapy or counseling of pupils who engage the abuse can go a long in addressing the problem.

scholarly journals An assessment of factors associated with shisha smoking among students at Evelyn Hone College, Lusaka, Zambia

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1256
Author(s):  
Brian Loloji ◽  
Foster Munsanje ◽  
Titus Haakonde ◽  
Mwanamwaka Samanyama
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Education Campaigns ◽  
Social Environmental

Background: Shisha smoking in Zambia, referring to the way of smoking tobacco in which the vapor passes through water before inhalation, is seen as a new practice, especially among youths of 18 to 25 age group. Factors associated with this practice have not yet been established. This study aimed at assessing the factors associated with shisha smoking among students at Evelyn Hone College.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 347 Evelyn Hone College students selected using convenience sampling method. Data collection was by pre-tested semi-structured questionnaires. Chi-squared statistical tests were used to determine the association between the independent variables, which were demographic, social, environmental, cultural and personal factors, and the dependent variable being shisha smoking using SPSS version 18.Results: The study revealed that shisha smoking was significantly associated with age of the smoker, level of income, peer pressure and knowledge levels of the smokers on adverse effects associated with shisha smoking. These relationships were determined by the logistical regression output which showed that age [OR=1.802 (1.152-2.818), p<0.05)], friends smoke cigarette/shisha [(OR=4.417 (1.760-11.086), p<0.05)], monthly allowance/income [(OR=0.663 (0.456-0.965), p<0.05)] and perceived risk [(OR=0.084 (0.046-0.154), p<0.05)] which all showed significant association with shisha smoking.Conclusions: Interventions to reduce or quit shisha smoking among students need to have extended policies that apply to cigarette smoking. Additionally, health education campaigns against shisha smoking should as well be packaged in the anti-smoking messages targeting the youths.

scholarly journals The status of integrated care on the chronic abuse of alcohol response - A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Moreira de Sousa ◽  
L Lopes ◽  
P Costa ◽  
G Martins-Coelho ◽  
R Capucho
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Treatment Team ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Index Value

Abstract Background In 2017, the risk-weighted prevalence of alcohol consumption was the health indicator with a more negative impact on the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation Sustainable Development Goals Health Index Value in Portugal. According to data from 2012-14, the Alto Tâmega and Barroso (ATB) had the highest value of Years of potential life lost (YPLL) in North Portugal - 4570,1/10.000 people. Liver chronic disease was the specific cause of death that contributed to the value of YPLL - 465,4/10.000 people. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with data from the Northern Health Administration and the General Directorate for Intervention on Addictive Behaviours and Dependencies. We compared the number of patients with chronic alcohol consumption (CAC) in 2018, the leading causes of death between 2012-14, the main morbidity causes according to data from primary healthcare (PHC) physicians in 2018 and the number of patients in specialized treatment team (STT) for alcohol abuse treatment in 2018 in ATB. Results In 2018, 2643 patients of ATB had a diagnosis of CAC; only 178 were followed by an STT. Although CAC had a massive influence on YPLL, this was only the 11º cause of morbidity in ATB according to the data from PHC. The number of women with CAC was stable between 2012 (n = 284) and 2018 (n = 291). In the same period, there was an increase of 52,86% of CAC on men (n = 1523 to n = 2348). Even though 18,4% of YPLL due to chronic liver disease happen in women, only 11,2%of the patients with CAC in the PHC are women. Conclusions There is a need for the improvement of CAC diagnosis in PHC, and the improvement of referral of patients to STT and hospital care. Besides, to reach the SDG3, there is the need to work intensely on SDG 17 (partnership for the goals). The Public Health Unit of ATB is organizing Operation PROMETEU to improve communication, institutional collaboration, and monitoring of the existing health activities that are tackling CAC. Key messages The need to integrate data from different healthcare sources for a better analysis on health problems. The urgent need to tackle the alcohol abuse problem in ATB.

scholarly journals Male Involvement in Family Planning: Challenges and Way Forward

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ademola Adelekan ◽  
Philomena Omoregie ◽  
Elizabeth Edoni
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Male Involvement ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Married Men ◽  
Public Health Officials

Public health officials have advocated the involvement of men as a strategy for addressing the dismal performance of family planning (FP) programmes. This study was therefore designed to explore the challenges and determine way forward to male involvement in FP in Olorunda Local Government Area, Osogbo, Nigeria. This cross-sectional study involved the use of a four-stage sampling technique to select 500 married men and interviewed them using semistructured questionnaire. In addition, four focus group discussions (FGDs) were also conducted. Mean age of respondents was 28.5 ± 10.3 years. Some (37.9%) of the respondents’ spouse had ever used FP and out of which 19.0% were currently using FP. Only 4.8% of the respondents had ever been involved in FP. Identified barriers to male involvement included the perception that FP is woman’s activity and was not their custom to participate in FP programme. More than half of the FGD discussants were of the view that men should provide their wives with transport fare and other resources they may need for FP. The majority of the respondents had never been involved in family planning with their wives. Community sensitization programmes aimed at improving male involvement in FP should be provided by government and nongovernmental agencies.

FACTORS AFFECTING THE PROVISION OF SOCIAL WORK SERVICES FOR CANCER PATIENTS AT THE VIETNAM NATIONAL CANCER HOSPITAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (11) ◽  
pp. 132-143
Author(s):  
Nam Pham Tien
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Policy Regimes ◽  
Financial Factor ◽  
Cancer Hospital ◽  
Depth Interviews

The provision of social work service for cancer patients is facing many challenges. Therefore, this study aims to explore factors affecting the provision of social work services for cancer patients at the Vietnam National Cancer Hospital. This is a cross-sectional study that used 10 in-depth interviews, and three focus group discussions to collect data. Our findings showed that the factors such as specialized qualifications of social workers, available facilities, the network of social work collaborators, finance, and policy regimes hindered the provision of social work services for cancer patients at the hospital. Meanwhile, the financial factor contributed to promote social work services for cancer patients at the hospital. Besides, the demands for the provision of social work services for cancer patients were one of the factors that should be considered in the coming time. Our study suggested stakeholders pay more attention to these factors.

scholarly journals Drug use and risk factors among secondary students

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lourdes Jordán Jinez ◽  
José Roberto Molina de Souza ◽  
Sandra Cristina Pillon
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Secondary Students ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Family Conflicts ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Experimental Use

Adolescence is a phase of exposure to several risk behaviors, especially the experimental use of drugs and its associated problems. The study aims to identify risk factors and drug use among secondary students in Comonfort, Guanajuato, Mexico. This is a cross-sectional study, using a version of the Drug User Screening Inventory (DUSI) adapted from Portuguese to Spanish. The sample was composed of 695 (42.9%) students, 52.8% women. Drug use was present in 20.3%, predominantly alcohol and tobacco. Risk factors are related to the male gender, older than 13 years, second and third grades, living with relatives, poor relationships, curiosity, family conflicts, peer pressure and solidarity. CONCLUSION: alcohol and tobacco are the most used drugs and are associated to curiosity and peer pressure.

scholarly journals Tobacco Use among Adolescents of a Public School of Kaski District

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
Sailaja Sharma ◽  
Ratna Shila Banstola ◽  
Sakuntala Pageni
Keyword(s):  
Public School ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Family Influence ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Introduction: Tobacco is one of the proven risk factors, contributes substantially to the rising epidemic of non-communicable diseases. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of tobacco use and associated factors among adolescents of a selected public School in Kaski district. Non-probability purposive sampling technique was adopted and data was collected with self-administered questionnaire from 168 respondents. Results: The prevalence of tobacco-use was 19.6 percent and mean age of initiation was13.84 years. The most common reasons for smoking were peer pressure (63.3%), imitation (27.3%), family influence (27.3%) and quest for new experience (21.2%). Tobacco-use was strongly associated with ethnicity (p=0.03), mother's education level (p=0.02), father's occupation (p=0.03), peer pressure (p=0.01) and friends smoking habit (p=0.03). Conclusion: Tobacco-focused interventions are required for school going adolescents to promote cessation among users and prevent its initiation.

scholarly journals The Mediation Effect of Moral Disengagement on Spiritual-Religious Attitudes and Academic Dishonesty among Guidance and Counseling Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
Endang Rifani ◽  
Sugiyo Sugiyo ◽  
Edy Purwanto
Keyword(s):  
Academic Dishonesty ◽  
Moral Disengagement ◽  
Counseling Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Counseling Services ◽  
Guidance And Counseling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Religious Attitudes

Academic dishonesty is a morality problem that is often found in every level of education. It becomes a concern among guidance and counseling practitioner in the educational context. Regarding previous studies, spiritual-religious attitudes and moral disengagement predict individuals’ academic dishonesty. To complete the gap of those studies, the current study investigated the role of moral disengagement to mediate the relationship between spiritual-religious attitudes and academic dishonesty in university students. There were 292 respondents from four universities in Semarang participated in this study. The authors used a cross-sectional study and utilized google form to collect the data. The authors conducted three analyses, regression-based path analysis, mediation analysis using bias-corrected and bootstrapping. The results showed that there was a direct relationship among all variables, but they're found no mediation effect on moral disengagement. These findings imply the importance of counseling services to preserve students’ morality so they could avoid academic dishonesty.

scholarly journals Surgical Outcome of Hundred Vesico Vaginal Fistula Patients in National Fistula Centre

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
Shamima Akhter ◽  
Mst Mahbuba ◽  
Nusrat Ara Yusuf ◽  
Munirunnessa ◽  
Nasrin Rosy
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Outcome ◽  
Obstetric Fistula ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Vaginal Fistula ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Splitting Technique ◽  
Operative Care ◽  
Vesico Vaginal Fistula

Vesico-vaginal fistula (VVF) is still a major global health problem.This study was performed to detect the surgical outcome of 100 VVF patients in National Fistula Centre. A descriptive cross sectional study was carried out among 100 VVF patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria admitted in the National Fistula Centre under the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology during the study period of April, 2017 to September, 2017. During the period, 100 patients presented for surgical repair at a mean age of 28.7 years (SD7.1). Majority of them (49%) had a parity of one and 57% were less than 20 years old at the time of their first pregnancy. About 83% of women developed VVF following prolonged obstructed labour. Most of the fistula (95%) repaired through vaginal route by flap splitting technique and 73% repaired at 1st time. Recovery of most of the patient (75%) was uneventful. Inadequate post-operative care (26.9%) was the major causes of unsuccessful repair. Obstetric fistula is one of the tragedies of third world countries and it would be better solved by providing surgical procedure and easy access of all women to competent obstetrical care, irrespective of their social and economic  status during pregnancy and delivery. Bangladesh Med J. 2019 Jan; 48 (1): 39-43

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