scholarly journals Anemia and its consequences on human body; A comprehensive overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sana Noreen ◽  
Shahid Bashir ◽  
Sadia Bano ◽  
Tahira Fatima ◽  
Affifa Sani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Child Bearing ◽  
Folate And Vitamin B12

Anemia is a pathological condition characterized by a reduction in the mass of red blood cells or the amount of hemoglobin. Anemia affects one-third of the world's population, with iron deficiency accounting for half of the cases. It's a major global public health problem that has an effect on maternal and child mortality, physical fitness, and referral to health-care providers. Underweight children have a greater prevalence of anemia, which can produce long-term developmental outcomes. Particular risk is presented by children 0-5 years, child-bearing mothers and pregnant women. Efforts to avoid anemia should concentrate on improving current supplementary iron and folate programs and on preventing folate and vitamin B12 anemia deficiency. In this review biological mechanism and condition of anemia development has been discussed. A further study is necessary to examine the function of additional nutrient deficits, the contribution of infectious and chronic illnesses in some populations, and the significance of hereditary hemoglobin disorders.

scholarly journals Experiences of physical violence by women living with intimate partners

Curationis ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
F.C. Madzimbalale ◽  
L.B. Khoza
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Limpopo Province ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Intimate Partners ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Legal Literacy

Intimate partner violence directed towards females by male partners is a common significant global public health problem. Most victims of physical aggression such as women and children are subjected to multiple acts of violence over extended periods of time, suffering from more than one type of abuse, for example physical which is more symbolic and evidenced by scars. The purpose of this study is to increase understanding of the symbols of physical violence as experienced by women who live with intimate partners in the Vhembe district of the Limpopo Province. The research design of this study was qualitative, exploratory and descriptive in nature. The accessible population was those participants who used the trauma unit A in a particular hospital. Seven women comprised the sample of the study. In-depth individual interviews were conducted exploring the women’s experiences in the context of physical violence. From the data collected all seven participants experienced some form of physical violence which resulted in permanent deformity. They experienced some form of battering such as kicking, stabbing, burning, fracturing, strangling and choking. Recommendations were made that health care providers are encouraged to implement screening for physical violence, to provide appropriate interventions if assault is identified and to provide appropriate education regarding, employment opportunities, legal literacy, and rights to inheritance. Human rights education and information regarding domestic violence should be provided to them because this is their absolute right (UNICEF, 2000:14).

scholarly journals “I lost close friends when they realized I had TB” – The lived experiences of TB patients in Nairobi City County, Kenya

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Muriithi Gateri ◽  
Isaac Nyamongo ◽  
Abdhalah Ziraba
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Structural Barriers ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Unsuccessful Treatment

Abstract Background Tuberculosis is a global public health problem with serious health and social implications which produce unique experiences for the patients. Understanding the lived experiences of TB patients is important for appropriate and successful TB interventions. Unsuccessful treatment has grave public health consequences at individual and community levels. Methods Qualitative study using 40 narratives of TB patients, 40 home observations, and key informant interviews with 4 TB health care providers using an interpretive phenomenology. The 40 TB patients were interviewed twice, first at the healthcare facility with a follow-up interview in their homes. Results Socio-economic, structural and medication related factors shape the experiences of TB patients. Social factors such as stigma, lack of family and other social support influence the lived experiences of TB patients. TB treatment challenges such as side effects and financial constraints also shape the experiences of the patients. Although there is good patient-healthcare provider relationship, patients have to deal with long treatment regimens and the long queues when seeking treatment services in health facilities. Conclusions TB management programs should account for factors that influence the lived experience of TB patients to facilitate effective treatment. Many of these factors are barriers to effective treatment and management TB patients. Provision of social and family support, addressing stigma, counseling and addressing structural barriers may influence the patients’ positive experience and promote treatment adherence for successful TB management.

Multimorbidity, Consumer-Directed Care, and Drug-Related Harm

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-126
Author(s):  
Chris Alderman
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Societal Challenges ◽  
Psychiatric Conditions ◽  
New Treatments ◽  
Related Harm

People from developed countries around the world now routinely live into their 80s and beyond, and this is associated with a range of medical and societal challenges that must be addressed. It is relatively rare to encounter older people who are not affected by one or more chronic diseases, including conditions such as osteoarthritis, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), hypertension, and depression. The concurrence of a number of medical and/or psychiatric conditions in the same patient has come to be referred to as multimorbidity, and it is a particularly familiar phenomenon observed by health care providers in settings such as the Emergency Department (ED), primary care practice, and long-term care facilities. Given that life expectancy continues to increase, and that there is considerable further investment in research for the development of new treatments, which will achieve adoption and be promoted to consumers, it is clear that multimorbidity is likely to be a driver for problems arising from medications that are vigorously promoted to consumers.

Depression: A Long-Term Illness

1994 ◽  
Vol 165 (S26) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin B. Keller
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Serious Illness ◽  
Antidepressant Treatments ◽  
Continued Education ◽  
Low Levels

The realisation that major depression is often both chronic and recurrent has slowly begun to change the way that depression is diagnosed and treated. In particular, the need for continuation and maintenance treatment is an issue that now deserves increased attention, especially with the availability of new classes of antidepressant treatments, which have excellent efficacy and more favourable side-effect profiles. Although the serious consequences of depressive disorders clearly indicate the need for effective and prompt intervention on the part of clinicians, the results of several studies indicate that patients with depression consistently receive no or low levels of antidepressant therapy. It is hoped that, through continued education of health care providers and patients about the consequences of depression, the issue of undertreatment of this serious illness will be resolved.

scholarly journals Assessing Knowledge on Clubfoot Among Parents Having Children with Clubfoot Deformity

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zobaer Alam ◽  
Md Monoarul Haque ◽  
Md Rijwan Bhuiyan ◽  
Md Shahinoor Islam ◽  
Monirul Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Childhood Disability ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

Background: The burden of childhood disability as a public health problem in developing countries remains relatively unrecognized. One out of 750 children born in the world suffer from club foot among them 80% are in low and middle income countries. Most of these babies have limited access to receive effective treatment for their clubfoot due to lack o knowledge, awareness and some barriers. We actually don’t know the level of knowledge of parents who have child with clubfoot deformity. The purpose of this study was to assess the level of knowledge of parents who have children with clubfoot during clubfoot treatment. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among 102 parents who have children with clubfoot deformity during its treatment in a selected clinic. The samples were selected purposively from the clinics where clubfoot treatment was given and face to face interview was done by using semi-structured questionnaire. Results: The mean (±SD) age of the respondents were 24.7 (±6.0) years where 87.3% (n=89) respondents ware female and 59.8 %(n=61) respondent’s educational status ware up to primary level. About 44.1% respondents started treatment of their child within 6 months of birth and 33% within 6 to 12 months where 57% (n=58) respondents are referred by health care professional to this clinics. About 93.1% of parents (n=95) said that they knew nothing about clubfoot deformity before their child was diagnosed where 97% are aware after diagnosis of their child. About 93.1% respondents knew the best time for treatment initiation where 59.8% respondents know the correct follow up time of clubfoot management. In case of knowledge of parents’ roles in the treatment of clubfoot about 91.2%, parents have knowledge weekly visit for treatment and 86.3% know the plaster care where 52.9% (n=54) parents have lack of knowledge about how to use the brace Conclusion: There is need to improve the communication skills of clinicians/health care providers offering treatment to children with clubfoot at the Clinics. Need to share information with the parents about the condition. Finally, there is need to emphasize of educating parents about plaster care and how to use brace. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cmoshmcj.v14i1.22882 Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.14 (1); Jan 2015; Page 42-46

scholarly journals Reducing the Risk of Harm from Medication Errors in Children

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. HSI.S10454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel R. Neuspiel ◽  
Melissa M. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Medication Errors ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Adverse Drug Events ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Improvement Interventions ◽  
Communication Ability ◽  
Quality Improvement Interventions

Medication errors affect the pediatric age group in all settings: outpatient, inpatient, emergency department, and at home. Children may be at special risk due to size and physiologic variability, limited communication ability, and treatment by nonpediatric health care providers. Those with chronic illnesses and on multiple medications may be at higher risk of experiencing adverse drug events. Some strategies that have been employed to reduce harm from pediatric medication errors include e-prescribing and computerized provider order entry with decision support, medication reconciliation, barcode systems, clinical pharmacists in medical settings, medical staff training, package changes to reduce look-alike/sound-alike confusion, standardization of labeling and measurement devices for home administration, and quality improvement interventions to promote nonpunitive reporting of medication errors coupled with changes in systems and cultures. Future research is needed to measure the effectiveness of these preventive strategies.

Relationship between Paternal Involvement and Child Malnutrition in a Rural Area of Vietnam

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bich Huu Tran
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Paternal Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Paternal Involvement ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children

Background Malnutrition is a public health problem in Vietnam. Child health and the status of women have been targets for various health programs in the country. In general, reports in the literature suggest that care is positively correlated with positive nutritional status of children. In the household, the father is considered a resource for care. However, the role of paternal care in health programs has not received the attention it deserves. Objective To identify associations between the involvement of fathers in child care and housework and the nutritional status of children under 3 years of age. Methods This cross-sectional study was based on a random sample of 547 children under 3 years of age from intact families and their biological parents. The main outcome variable was child nutrition. Predictor variables represented two domains of father's involvement. Multivariable general linear modeling and multivariable logistic regression modeling were performed with the use of a combination of stepwise and hierarchical approaches in data analysis. Results The overall prevalence of underweight among children was 19.1%, and the prevalence of stunting was 14.4%. Children whose fathers did not bring them to a medical facility for immunization were about 1.7 times more likely to be underweight and stunted than those whose fathers did bring them for immunization after child's age, household economic status, and mother's education were controlled for. Father's involvement in housework was not found to be related to the prevalence of malnutrition. Conclusions Paternal involvement in child immunization should be encouraged by health-care providers who manage immunization programs.

scholarly journals “Take the treatment and be brave”: Care experiences of pregnant women with rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0242604
Author(s):  
Marian Loveday ◽  
Sindisiwe Hlangu ◽  
Jennifer Furin
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Care System

Background There are few data on the on the care experiences of pregnant women with rifampicin-resistant TB. Objective To describe the treatment journeys of pregnant women with RR-TB—including how their care experiences shape their identities—and identify areas in which tailored interventions are needed. Methods In this qualitative study in-depth interviews were conducted among a convenience sample from a population of pregnant women receiving treatment for RR-TB. This paper follows COREQ guidelines. A thematic network analysis using an inductive approach was performed to analyze the interview transcripts and notes. The analysis was iterative and a coding system developed which focused on the care experiences of the women and how these experiences affected their perceptions of themselves, their children, and the health care system in which treatment was received. Results Seventeen women were interviewed. The women described multiple challenges in their treatment journeys which required them to demonstrate sustained resilience (i.e. to “be brave”). Care experiences required them to negotiate seemingly contradictory identities as both new mothers—“givers of life”—and RR-TB patients facing a complicated and potentially deadly disease. In terms of their “pregnancy identity” and “RR-TB patient identity” that emerged as part of their care experiences, four key themes were identified that appeared to have elements that were contradictory to one another (contradictory areas). These included: 1) the experience of physical symptoms or changes; 2) the experience of the “mothering” and “patient” roles; 3) the experience of the care they received for their pregnancy and their RR-TB; and 4) the experience of community engagement. There were also three areas that overlapped with both roles and during which identity was negotiated/reinforced and they included: 1) faith; 2) socioeconomic issues; and 3) long-term concerns over the child’s health. At times, the health care system exacerbated these challenges as the women were not given the support they needed by health care providers who were ill-informed or angry and treated the women in a discriminatory fashion. Left to negotiate this confusing time period, the women turned to faith, their own mothers, and the fathers of their unborn children. Conclusion The care experiences of the women who participated in this study highlight several gaps in the current health care system that must be better addressed in both TB and perinatal services in order to improve the therapeutic journeys for pregnant women with RR-TB and their children. Suggestions for optimizing care include the provision of integrated services, including specialized counseling as well as training for health care providers; engagement of peer support networks; provision of socioeconomic support; long-term medical care/follow-up for children born to women who were treated for RR-TB; and inclusion of faith-based services in the provision of care.

Abstract WP408: Tacls: Taking Action for Optimal Community and Long Term Stroke Care

Stroke ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa L Green ◽  
Patrice Lindsay
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Stroke Care ◽  
Residential Aged Care ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Taking Action

Introduction: In Canada, approximately 12% of acute stroke patients are admitted to long-term care (LTC; or residential aged care) facilities following an acute stroke event. An additional 20-30% of patients are discharged home from hospital with referral for community-based homecare. Training programs for health care providers in these settings is variable and at times inconsistent with best practices. Internationally, focus is now shifting from a predominant inpatient acute care focus, to one encompassing ongoing care and support in the community for people living with stroke. In 2015, an educational resource called Taking Action for Optimal Community & Long Term Stroke Care (TACLS) was launched across Canada to ensure the appropriate knowledge and skills of front line care providers for stroke survivors in community and LTC facilities; the focus of this resource is on rehabilitation and recovery. Methods: The purpose of this interactive session is to introduce the TACLS resource and to engage health professionals in an examination of current international community based rehabilitation and recovery programs. The discussion/workshop will allow participants to examine, compare and contrast components of the TACLS program with programs being developed or offered elsewhere. Results: As health care providers helping stroke survivors live well and longer means investing in the use of best practice tools and resources that fit the local context and organizational practices. Bringing together international opinions and observations around post-stroke community care will allow cross-collaboration and inter-professional networking opportunities that ultimately will benefit patients living with stroke in community based settings. Discussion: As care shifts from hospital to community based settings, the importance of tools available to support stroke survivors in this area of the care continuum is essential. In Canada, utilizing the HSF education resource (TACLS) provides information to support community based health care providers working with people who have had a stroke in helping them achieve optimal outcomes, regain their best level of functioning, and live meaningful lives.

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