scholarly journals Extreme Hydrologic Events in North Area of Buenos Aires Province (Argentina)

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Daniel Capriolo ◽  
Olga Eugenia Scarpati
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Soil Water Balance ◽  
Buenos Aires Province ◽  
Soil Water Deficit ◽  
Water Surplus ◽  
Wilting Point

This paper presents the soil water deficit and soil water surplus obtained from soil water balance in three drainage areas of Buenos Aires province for the period from 1971 to 2010. The soil water balance had been performed using the evapotranspiration formula of Penman-Monteith and considering the soil water constants: field capacity, soil water moisture, and soil wilting point for all the different types of soils of the region. The obtained soil water deficit and surplus are considered as triggers of extreme hydrologic events. Annual threshold values of 200 mm of soil water deficit and 300 mm of soil water surplus were considered for drought and flood, respectively. It was found that almost the 25% of the floods are severe and extreme while the 50% of droughts were of these intensities. Mann-Kendall statistical test was performed, and significance trends at level 0.1 were found for drought and for two periods, one of twenty years (1991–2010) and the other of ten years (2001–2010). As a sample of the temporal evolution of both events and their trends, the results of one locality (Junin) were deeply analyzed.

Improved soil water deficit estimation through the integration of canopy temperature measurements into a soil water balance model

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Han ◽  
Huihui Zhang ◽  
José L. Chávez ◽  
Liwang Ma ◽  
Thomas J. Trout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Water Balance Model ◽  
Temperature Measurements ◽  
Soil Water Balance ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Soil Water Deficit

scholarly journals Physiological quality of maize seeds produced under soil water deficit conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 451-456
Author(s):  
Fernando H. B. Machado ◽  
Andréia M. S. de S. David ◽  
Silvânio R. dos Santos ◽  
Josiane C. Figueiredo ◽  
Cleisson D. da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Soil Water Deficit ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Water Depths

ABSTRACT Crop strategies focused on the rational use of water are required in semiarid regions. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the physiological quality of maize seeds produced under soil water deficit conditions. Five irrigation water depth were established, based on the field capacity (100, 85, 70, 55 and 40%), to control the available water for two maize hybrids (2B-587 and DKB-390). A randomized block design was used, with a split-plot arrangement and four repetitions. The plots consisted of irrigation water depths, and the subplots consisted of maize hybrids. The seed water concentration, germination, and vigor were determined after the harvest, using data from first germination counting, seedling emergence, germination speed index, seedling length, and accelerated aging, electrical conductivity, and modified cold tests. The maize hybrid DKB-390 showed better physiological potential under the soil water deficit conditions evaluated. The irrigation water depths lower than 70% of field capacity resulted in decreases in soil water contents and affected negatively the physiological quality of the maize seeds produced.

scholarly journals Interspecific Differences in Physiological and Biochemical Traits Drive the Water Stress Tolerance in Young Morus alba L. and Conocarpus erectus L. Saplings

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1615
Author(s):  
Zikria Zafar ◽  
Fahad Rasheed ◽  
Ahsan Ul Haq ◽  
Faridah Hanum Ibrahim ◽  
Shazia Afzal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soil Water Deficit ◽  
Water Stress Tolerance ◽  
Intrinsic Water Use Efficiency

Mitigating climate change requires the identification of tree species that can tolerate water stress with fewer negative impacts on plant productivity. Therefore, the study aimed to evaluate the water stress tolerance of young saplings of C. erectus and M. alba under three soil water deficit treatments (control, CK, 90% field capacity, FC, medium stress MS, 60% FC and high stress, HS, 30% FC) under controlled conditions. Results showed that leaf and stem dry weight decreased significantly in both species under MS and HS. However, root dry weight and root/shoot ratio increased, and total dry weight remained similar to CK under MS in C. erectus saplings. Stomatal conductance, CO2 assimilation rate decreased, and intrinsic water use efficiency increased significantly in both species under MS and HS treatments. The concentration of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide radical, malondialdehyde and electrolyte leakage increased in both the species under soil water deficit but was highest in M. alba. The concentration of antioxidative enzymes like superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase also increased in both species under MS and HS but was highest in C. erectus. Therefore, results suggest that C. erectus saplings depicted a better tolerance to MS due to an effective antioxidative enzyme system.

scholarly journals Linacre Derived Potential Evapotranspiration Method and Effect on Supplementary Irrigation Water Needs of Tomato/Cabbage/Carrot

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-117
Author(s):  
C. N. Emeribe ◽  
E. S. Isagba ◽  
O. F. Idehen
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Soil Water Deficit ◽  
Supplementary Irrigation ◽  
Water Surplus ◽  
Total Average

The study examined the dynamic nature of water balance parameters over Kano town, a semi-arid environment and impact of Linacre derived potential evapotranspiration method on the supplementary irrigation water needs of selected crops. Monthly Rainfall and Temperature data were collected from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency, Lagos for the period 1953-2012. The study observed that there is a steady decline in annual precipitation over Kano from the first decade (1953-1962) to the fifth decade (1993-2002), after which there was a sign of weak recovery in the last decade (2003-2012). For water loss through potential evapotranspiration, there was a steady rise from the first decade (1953-1962) to the fifth decade (1993-2002), and then followed by a sudden decline in the last decade (2003-2012). The total average of water storage on the other hand, first experienced a rise between the first two decades (1953-1962) and (1963-1972), followed by a steady decline, up until the fifth decade (1993-2002) and finally a rise in the last decade (20032012). The total average of soil water deficit experienced a steady rise between the first and the fifth decades (1953-1962) to (1993-2002), this was followed by a decline in the last decade (20032012). Finally, the total average of water surplus experienced a steady decline between the first and the fifth decades. The observed decline in precipitation, storage, and water surplus, and the rise in water loss from potential evapotranspiration and soil water deficit, suggests that there have been changes in the climatic pattern over Kano and this could be seen in the supplementary irrigation water needs of Tomato/Cabbage/Carrot.

scholarly journals PEMODELAN NERACA AIR TANAH UNTUK PENDUGAAN SURPLUS DAN DEFISIT AIR UNTUK PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN PANGAN DI KABUPATEN MERAUKE, PAPUA

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Fadjry Djufry
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
High Water ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Balance Analysis ◽  
Water Surplus ◽  
Crop Planting ◽  
Water Holding

<div data-canvas-width="358.44029759999995">Water balance modeling is one approach that can be used to predict the dynamics of soil water content for plant growth, so it can calculate the amount of crop water requirements, particularly at critical periods during which the soil moisture content is very low and in normal circumstan ces. The experiment was</div><div data-canvas-width="377.52128063999993">conducted April-November 2010 in Merauke district of Papua provi nce. The collect ion of clim ate data (rainfall, temperature, humidity), land information</div><div data-canvas-width="377.97478992">(based on soil type and land use map, primarily to det ermine water holding ca pacit y and root z one depthof the soils). Land water balance analysis was con ducted for each a nalysi s of distri cts using Thornthwaite and Mather (1957). Furthermore, the results of water balance of land was mapping used the geographic information system (GIS) method for knowing the districts that have the periods of water deficit or water surplus. The results showed that the dom inant patterns of rai nfall in t he district of Merauke is pattern A is a pattern that suggests that there is a clear di fferen ce between the a mount of rai nfall duri ng th e rain y sea son t o dry season. Merauke district experienced a period of water deficit of about 4-7 months for a year. Sub districts that have a period and a high amount of water deficit isKuprik for 7 consecutive months. Sub districts that have a short period of deficit 4 months is Jagebob, Kimaan and Muting. The potential for planting food crops in Merauke district ranges from 5-7 months. The surplus per iod i s about 3-6 mont hs of November to May/June. Sub districts that have a longer period surplus isJagebob and Kimaant is 6 months. The most of the sub districts (6 sub districts) in the Merauke district</div><div data-canvas-width="377.8404167999999">has a surplus of water&gt; 1000 mm / year. There are only two sub districts that have surplus water &lt;1000 mm / year is Kupri k and Sota. Sub distri cts t hat</div><div data-canvas-width="377.5044839999999">obtain high water surplus for the year is Semangga. Pot ential of th e short growing season found in Kuprik (3 months) while the potential of the growing</div><div data-canvas-width="377.52128063999993">season is long (6 months) in almost every sub district (Semangga, Okaba, Muting Kimaan, and Sota). Water bal ance model is developed en ough valid for</div><div data-canvas-width="345.38930831999994">predicting soil water availability and timing of food crop planting in Merauke district of Papua province </div>

scholarly journals Deficit and Recovery of Deep Soil Water Following a Full Cycle of Afforestation and Deforestation of Apple Trees on the Loess Plateau, China

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiqiang Zhang ◽  
Bingcheng Si ◽  
Min Li ◽  
Huijie Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Soil Water Storage ◽  
Soil Water Deficit ◽  
Water Recovery ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Apple Trees

Land-use change could substantially alter the soil water balance and hydrological cycles; however, little is known on the changes in deep soil water following a cycle of afforestation and deforestation. The purpose of this study was to quantify the soil water deficit in an apple orchard and subsequent replenishment of deep soil water after the orchard was felled. Soil water changes were quantified using the “space-for-time” method through a paired plot design. The results showed that the water storage in deep soil (>3 m in depth) began to decrease when the apple tree reached about 10 years of age. The cumulative deficit of deep soil water storage in the 3–18 m soil depth could reach about 1200 mm; however, deep soil water was so depleted that apple trees can no longer adsorb water from the deep soil when apple trees are older (>22 years old). After the apple orchard was converted to cropland, precipitation replenished the desiccated deep soil to a depth of about 7 m in the first two years, but thereafter, both water recovery amount and the advance rate of the wetting front were slowed down. After 15–16 years of recovery, soil water storage increased by 512–646 mm, accounting for 42.7–53.8% of the total cumulative soil water deficit caused by the apple orchard. However, it will take more than 26 years for soil water to be replenished to the level of the original cropland prior to planting apple trees. The considerable water deficit after afforestation and subsequent long water recovery time following deforestation extend our understanding of the effect of deep-rooted trees on water balance at the decade scale.

scholarly journals Soil Water Surplus in Salado River Basin and Its Variability during the Last Forty Years (Buenos Aires Province, Argentina)

Water ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Eugenia Scarpati ◽  
Liliana Beatriz Spescha ◽  
Juan Alberto Forte Lay ◽  
Alberto Daniel Capriolo
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Buenos Aires Province ◽  
Water Surplus ◽  
Salado River

scholarly journals Soil water balance and soybean productivity cultivated under different water deficit levels in South Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-12
Author(s):  
María Soledad Armoa Báez ◽  
Mirta Teresinha Petry ◽  
Reimar Carlesso ◽  
Laudenir Juciê Basso ◽  
Marta Rodrigues da Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Soil Water Balance ◽  
South Brazil

FORMULE PERMETTANT D’INTEGRER L’EVAPOTRANSPIRATION ET LA PLUIE PAR UN INSTRUMENT

1962 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 711-719
Author(s):  
C. E. Ouellet ◽  
G. Laporte
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Budget ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Soil Water Deficit ◽  
Cylinder Diameter ◽  
Overflow Pipe ◽  
New Formula

Irrigation needs have been estimated, in the last few years, by a method referred to as the "soil water budget" and based on meteorological factors such as evapotranspiration and rain. In order to eliminate the needs for daily recording and calculation of records, a new formula has been derived. An instrument capable of integrating both evapotranspiration and rain, and made up of an evaporimeter and an integrating cylinder, has been mounted according to it. The cylinder diameter (Dc) is determined by this formula Dc = De √K, when De is the diameter of the evaporimeter and K the ratio between evaporation and potential evapotranspiration of a crop.This instrument was made and tried in 1961. A Wright AP evaporimeter was used. The integrating cylinder, terminated by a funnel to collect rain, is equipped with a scale indicating the soil water deficit and an overflow pipe permitting the evacuation of water in excess of field capacity. The evaporation of a 4-foot sunken tank was taken as the basic value of potential evapotranspiration, since it is considered approximately equivalent to the evapotranspiration of a crop adequately provided with water.This instrument, after some minor corrections, will be an efficient means of predicting irrigation needs. A good correlation was established between this instrument and two other methods of estimating evapotranspiration. Its response to meteorological factors was good.

scholarly journals MODELING YIELD, SOIL WATER BALANCE, AND ECONOMIC RETURN OF SOYBEAN UNDER DIFFERENT WATER DEFICIT LEVELS

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 526-535
Author(s):  
Mirta T. Petry ◽  
Laudenir J. Basso ◽  
Reimar Carlesso ◽  
Maria S. Armoa ◽  
Jonas R. Henkes
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Soil Water Balance ◽  
Economic Return
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