Suicidal Ideation in a Population-Based Sample of Adolescents: Implications for Family Medicine Practice

Introduction. This study investigated the relationship between suicidal ideation and demographic characteristics, health conditions, depression, and health care utilization patterns among adolescents. Methods. Secondary analysis of the regionally representative Canadian Community Health Survey conducted in 2000/2001 (response rate 85%). Adolescents aged 15 to 19 who reported suicidal ideation in the previous year (n=260) were compared with their peers who did not (n=5528). The association between suicidal ideation and socio-demographic and health characteristics were investigated. Findings. Almost three-quarters (73%) of suicidal adolescents had not spoken with any health professional about mental health issues in the preceding year. Despite the fact that 80% of suicidal adolescents had regular contact with their family doctor, only 5% had consulted with them about mental health issues. In addition to the well-known risk factors of depression and stress, suicidal ideation was highly elevated in adolescents with two or more chronic health conditions, self-reported poor health, migraines, and back pain and those whose activities were prevented by pain (P<.05). Other characteristics significantly correlated with suicidal ideation included smoking, living in single parent families, and having lower levels of social support. Conclusions. Family physicians should regularly screen for suicidal thoughts in their adolescent patients with these characteristics.

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Emerging Artificial Intelligence-Empowered Mobile Health: A scoping review (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.35053 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Paras Bhatt ◽

Jia Liu ◽

Yanmin Gong ◽

Jing Wang ◽

Yuanxiong Guo

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Disease Management ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Predictive Models ◽

Healthcare Delivery ◽

Chronic Health Conditions ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Health Issues ◽

Mental Health Issues

BACKGROUND Artificial Intelligence (AI) has revolutionized healthcare delivery in recent years. There is an increase in research for advanced AI techniques, such as deep learning to build predictive models for the early detection of diseases. Such predictive models leverage mobile health (mHealth) data from wearable sensors and smartphones to discover novel ways for detecting and managing chronic diseases and mental health conditions. OBJECTIVE Currently, little is known about the use of AI-powered mHealth settings. Therefore, this scoping review aims to map current research on the emerging use of AI-powered mHealth (AIM) for managing diseases and promoting health. Our objective is to synthesize research in AIM models that have increasingly been used for healthcare delivery in the last two years. METHODS Using Arksey and O’Malley’s 5-point framework for conducting scoping reviews, we review AIM literature from the past two years in the fields of Biomedical Technology, AI, and Information Systems (IS). We searched three databases - informs PubsOnline, e-journal archive at MIS Quarterly, and ACM Digital Library using keywords such as mobile healthcare, wearable medical sensors, smartphones and AI. We include AIM articles and exclude technical articles focused only on AI models. Also, we use the PRISMA technique for identifying articles that represent a comprehensive view of current research in the AIM domain. RESULTS We screened 108 articles focusing on developing AIM models for ensuring better healthcare delivery, detecting diseases early, and diagnosing chronic health conditions, and 37 articles were eligible for inclusion. A majority of the articles were published last year (31/37). In the selected articles, AI models were used to detect serious mental health issues such as depression and suicidal tendencies and chronic health conditions such as sleep apnea and diabetes. The articles also discussed the application of AIM models for remote patient monitoring and disease management. The primary health concerns addressed relate to three categories: mental health, physical health, and health promotion & wellness. Of these, AIM applications were majorly used to research physical health, representing 46% of the total studies. Finally, a majority of studies use proprietary datasets (28/37) rather than public datasets. We found a lack of research in addressing chronic mental health issues and a lack of publicly available datasets for AIM research. CONCLUSIONS The application of AIM models for disease detection and management is a growing research domain. These models provide accurate predictions for enabling preventive care on a broader scale in the healthcare domain. Given the ever-increasing need for remote disease management during the pandemic, recent AI techniques such as Federated Learning (FL) and Explainable AI (XAI) can act as a catalyst to increase the adoption of AIM and enable secure data sharing across the healthcare industry.

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Cross-sectional population based study ascertaining the characteristics of US rural adults with mental health concerns who perceived a stigma regarding mental health issues

Health ◽

10.4236/health.2013.54092 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 05 (04) ◽

pp. 695-702 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kathryn J. Pederson ◽

M. Nawal Lutfiyya ◽

Laura C. Palombi ◽

David R. Simmons ◽

Darin J. Steenerson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Population Based ◽

Health Issues ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Health Concerns ◽

Mental Health Issues ◽

Mental Health Concerns ◽

Rural Adults

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Depression, Suicidal Ideation and Perceived Stress in Italian Humanities Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

Psychological Reports ◽

10.1177/0033294120984441 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 003329412098444

Author(s):

Fabrizio Bert ◽

Maria Ferrara ◽

Edoardo Boietti ◽

Elisa Langiano ◽

Armando Savatteri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Issues ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Convenience Sample ◽

Mental Health Issues

Mental health issues are common among university students. Nevertheless, few studies focused on Italian students. This study aimed to assess prevalence and associated factors of perceived stress (PS), depressive symptoms (DS) and suicidal ideation (SI) in an Italian sample. A cross-sectional study was conducted amongst a convenience sample of students in humanities field (2018). Questionnaires were self-administered. Outcomes were assessed through Beck Depression Inventory-II (DS, SI) and Perceived Stress Scale (PS). Multivariable regressions were performed (p-value < 0.05 significant; sample size = 203). DS and SI prevalence was 30.6% and 8.8%. PS median score was 20 (IQR = 11), 87.7% reported moderate/severe PS. DS likelihood was increased by psychiatric disorders family history and not attending first year of course and decreased by not thinking that university hinders personal activities. Chronic disease and higher stress score increased SI probability; good/excellent family cohesion reduced it. Being female, thinking that university hinders resting/relaxing, seeing a psychologist/psychiatrist were positively associated with PS; having no worries about future was negatively associated. A high prevalence of mental health issues was reported, with miscellaneous associated factors that were linked to both private and social aspects. Universities must be aware of this to provide efficient preventive measures.

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Mental Health Issues during Covid-19 Pandemic in Portuguese Prisons

10.5772/intechopen.97798 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Rui Abrunhosa Gonçalves ◽

Joana Andrade

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

High Risk ◽

Criminal Activity ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Health Issues ◽

Recidivism Rates ◽

Prison Life ◽

Mental Health Issues ◽

Virus Contamination ◽

One Year

During imprisonment, inmates face many difficulties to adapt to prison life well depicted in either classical works or recent research. They usually face many struggles related to the lack of contact with their families. For instance, the less the number of prison visits, the higher levels of aggressiveness and, consequently, the lower levels of adaptation. Additionally, this population is already problematic in “normal conditions” of their imprisonment. When facing crisis – such as the Covid-19 pandemic – their mental and emotional conditions become even worst. Inmates may experience higher levels of anxiety and stress due to the uncertain and high-risk circumstances they are all living. In addition, the deprivations of the support from their families, combined with the higher risk they are exposed due to the danger of Covid-19 virus’ contamination, substantially increase their concerns and could contribute to their lack of adjustment. The present chapter refers to the policies implemented by the Portuguese Prison Administration to deal with the Covid-19 pandemic and a provisional balance of its effects after one year of implementation. Besides information regarding inmate’s mental health conditions during pandemic, data on recidivism rates and criminal activity will also be discussed concerning their implication for future penitentiary policies.

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Mental Health among Higher Education Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Survey from Lithuania

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph182312737 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (23) ◽

pp. 12737

Author(s):

Emilijus Žilinskas ◽

Giedrė Žulpaitė ◽

Kristijonas Puteikis ◽

Rima Viliūnienė

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Higher Education ◽

Health Status ◽

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Health Issues ◽

Education Students ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Past ◽

Mental Health Issues

Mental health issues—anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation and behavior—are prevalent among students of higher education. The COVID-19 pandemic further affected students’ daily life through academic and socioeconomic disturbances. We set out to investigate students’ mental health amidst the COVID-19 pandemic and conducted a cross-sectional online survey at higher education institutions in Lithuania in 2021. The questionnaire consisted of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HADS) and the Sense of Coherence scale (SOC-3) questionnaires, evaluation of suicidal risk, experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic and self-rated health status (SRHS). Among 1001 students who completed the survey, the prevalence of clinically relevant anxiety was high (46.6%) and contrasted with the lower prevalence of depression (11.1%). 37.5% of all students admitted that they had thought about suicide at least once during their lifetime and a similar number of students thought about suicide during the previous year. High levels of anxiety and depression were statistically significant predictors of suicidal ideation and planning during the past year in binary regression models. High SRHS (higher score refers to more positive health status) was the only significant independent variable associated with less frequent suicidal attempts in the past year (p < 0.01, OR = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.12 to 0.66). Our study highlights anxiety and suicidality to be burdensome mental health issues among higher education students in Lithuania during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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The Relationship between Kitwood's Model of Needs and a Student's Music Therapy Practice in an Acute Assessment Unit for People Living with Dementia and Mental Health Issues

10.26686/wgtn.16998643 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Maharani Allan

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Music Therapy ◽

Secondary Analysis ◽

Health Issues ◽

Music Therapists ◽

Mental Health Issues ◽

Assessment Unit ◽

Inductive Methods ◽

The Rich ◽

Individualised Care

<p>This study focused on reviewing a student's music therapy practice at an acute assessment unit for people living with dementia and mental health issues, finding links between the placement philosophy, and new ideas about practice. Kitwood's (1997) book on personhood and the needs of people who are living with dementia and other mental health issues appeared to resonate with the student music therapists' practice. This was supported by the active use of his model of needs by nursing staff at the placement. Investigations looked specifically at Kitwood's model of needs; how music therapy links with his philosophy and how interventions during practice connected to those needs. The data was draw from descriptive clinical notes using secondary analysis. The rich qualitative data was analysed using deductive and inductive methods. Findings are presented under Kitwood's model of needs, forming the five categories for the study. The main themes within these categories were then summarised and explanations given under both Kitwood's model of needs and music therapy interventions used to meet them. Though the findings are qualitative, specific to this study and not necessarily generalisable, several links within music therapy practice, and nursing practice revealed the importance and need for more person-centred individualised care programmes for patients in mental health settings.</p>

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Mental health among entrepreneurs: The benefits of consciousness

International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Economic Issues ◽

10.32674/ijeei.v4i1.20 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 70-74

Author(s):

Jeffrey Overall

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Indigenous People ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Failure Rates ◽

Health Issues ◽

Medical Practitioners ◽

Mental Health Conditions ◽

Mental Health Issues ◽

Eastern Cultures ◽

The Mind

High enterprise failure rates, the need to pivot, and fleeting runways are contributing to mental health issues among entrepreneurs. To treat a myriad of mental health conditions, western medical practitioners are acknowledging the effectiveness of consciousness and mindfulness tools, like yoga and meditation that have been practiced by indigenous people and eastern cultures for millennia. Some entrepreneurs are starting to use consciousness practices as not only a tool to balance the mind-body connection, but they are also using them to optimize performance. Implications for practice are discussed.

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Mental health issues in children and adolescents with chronic illness

International Journal of Human Rights in Healthcare ◽

10.1108/ijhrh-05-2017-0020 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 163-173 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Alan M. Delamater ◽

Adriana Guzman ◽

Katherine Aparicio

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Care ◽

Chronic Illness ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Behavioral Interventions ◽

Chronic Health Conditions ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Health Issues ◽

Content Type ◽

Mental Health Issues

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to consider mental health issues in children and adolescents with chronic illness or health conditions, including their treatment, and issues related to delivery of services. Design/methodology/approach A selective review of the literature was conducted to highlight significant mental health issues and their treatment in youth with various types of chronic illness. Findings A significant portion of youth experience mental health problems related to their chronic health conditions. While evidence-based treatments are available to address these problems, significant barriers exist that impede the delivery of psychological and behavioral interventions for many youth. Research limitations/implications More controlled studies are needed to demonstrate the effectiveness and cost offset of delivering psychological and behavioral interventions for the population of youth with various types of chronic health conditions, particularly in clinical and community settings. Social implications Policy reform can ensure that mental health issues are effectively addressed for children with chronic illness. Policy is needed that promotes integrated health care, whereby psychological and behavioral interventions are delivered in health care settings along with medical interventions to reduce barriers to care. Originality/value Significant numbers of children and adolescents have chronic health conditions and many experience mental health problems related to their conditions. While evidence-based treatments are available to address these problems, significant barriers impede the delivery of psychological and behavioral interventions for many youth. Health care policy promoting integrated health care to deliver psychological and behavioral interventions in health care settings along with medical interventions should reduce barriers to care and improve both physical and mental health outcomes for youth.

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Depression, Anxiety, and Physician Suicide

Principles of Medical Professionalism ◽

10.1093/med/9780197506226.003.0011 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 197-210

Author(s):

Gia Merlo

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Significant Risk Factor ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Health Issues ◽

Medical Systems ◽

Professional Help ◽

Mental Health Issues ◽

Common Diagnosis ◽

Stigma Of Mental Illness

Physicians suffer from mental health issues, particularly depression, at higher rates than the general population, due to many of the same factors that contribute to burnout. However, there is a stigma within the profession that prevents them from getting help. This stigma can be based on feedback from self, colleagues, hospitals/medical systems, and licensing boards. Self-criticism by physicians may lead to self-stigmatization. Colleagues may be afraid to broach the topic of mental health and fail to refer their peers to professional help. Hospitals/medical systems often label physicians suffering from mental health issues as ”unprofessional.” Lastly, licensing boards may discriminate against physicians who disclose prior psychiatric history. Major depressive disorder is the most common diagnosis among physicians. Anxiety disorders have been less well-studied but are likely also to be a major problem. Approximately 300 to 400 physicians are estimated to die from suicide each year, and untreated mental health conditions are a significant risk factor. Action at individual, institutional, and organizational levels is necessary to combat the stigma of mental illness.

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Factors related to suicide among students: a narrative review of psychological literature

Mental Health Review Journal ◽

10.1108/mhrj-08-2020-0061 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Saba Javed ◽

Khadeeja Munawar

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Suicidal Behavior ◽

Help Seeking ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Life Stressors ◽

Health Issues ◽

Important Public Health Problem ◽

Content Type ◽

Mental Health Issues

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide an educational overview of suicidal behavior and the factors related to suicidality among students between the ages of 18 and 30 years. Design/methodology/approach The literature related to suicide among students were identified through various electronic database searches. The databases searched included: PsycINFO, PubMed, MEDLINE, ERIC/ProQuest, Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar and PMC using the following search terms and their derivatives: suicide/self-harm, suicide risk and students, mental health issues and suicide, substance use and suicide, childhood adversities and suicide, recent life stressors, help-seeking attitude and elevated suicidal risk, help-seeking behavior and suicide and subjective factors and suicide. Findings Suicide is an important public health problem. Several factors influence suicide (including suicidal ideation and taking life or dying by suicide) such as genetics, family functions, socioeconomic status, personality and psychiatric comorbidity. The main themes that were investigated included: mental health issues, childhood adversity and recent life stressors, barriers toward seeking professional help and subjective factors (psychache risk of suicidal behavior, impulsivity, aggression). Originality/value This review focuses on several modifiable psychological factors that have been shown to contribute toward suicidal ideation in youth, especially among university students.

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