Larvicidal activity of ethanolic leaf and seed extract of Croton tiglium against Aedes aegypti

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
Parbin Iraqui ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Mosquito Larva ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Croton Tiglium ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Percent Mortality ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
Seed Extracts

Aim and objectives: Mosquitoes are the transmitters of serious human diseases that cause millions of deaths every year. The use of synthetic insecticides causes harmful side effects to the environment and human health. So a natural alternative way is needed to solve this problem. Extracts from the various parts of plants like leaves, seeds, barks and roots can be used to control mosquitoes. This study aims to evaluate the larvicidal activity of ethanolic seed and leaf extracts of a traditionally used medicinal plant Croton tiglium, against Aedes aegypti, the vector of dengue fever. Material and methods: In this study, extracts from the dried leaf and seed powder of the Croton tiglium plant were extracted using ethanol in a soxhlet apparatus. Different concentrations were prepared from the extracts. Third instar larvae of Aedes aegypti were collected from the mosquito culture laboratory of the Life Sciences Department of Dibrugarh University. Prepared concentrations of the extracts were tested against the larvae of Aedes aegypti to evaluate the larvicidal activity by calculating percent mortality. Result: The ethanolic leaf and seed extracts of the selected plant were found effective against the larvae of Aedes aegypti. The 250 ppm concentration of both leaf and seed extracts showed the highest mortality of mosquito larva. The seed extract of this plant was found more effective in killing mosquito larva. Conclusion: From the study, it can be concluded that the ethanolic leaf and seed extracts of Croton tiglium possess larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti. Hence, it could be useful in controlling mosquitoes without any harmful effects. However, further study and investigation will be needed to isolate and characterize bioactive components from this plant with larvicidal activity and the development of drugs for dengue from the components

scholarly journals Larvicidal and Enzymatic Inhibition Effects of Annona muricata Seed Extract and Main Constituent Annonacin against Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigues ◽  
Silva ◽  
Pinto ◽  
Lima dos Santos ◽  
Carneiro de Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
New Products ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Main Constituent ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Lc50 And Lc90

The mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are vectors of arboviruses that cause dengue, zika and chikungunya. Bioactive compounds from plants are environmentally sustainable alternatives to control these vectors and thus the arboviruses transmitted by them. The present study evaluated the larvicidal activity of an acetogenin-rich fraction (ACERF) and its main constituent annonacin obtained from Annona muricata seeds on Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus. The larvicidal assays were performed using different concentrations to calculate the LC50 and LC90 values observed 24 h after exposure to the treatment. Annonacin was more active against Ae. aegypti (LC50 2.65 μg·mL−1) in comparison with Ae. albopictus (LC50 8.34 μg·mL−1). In contrast, the acetogenin-rich fraction was more active against Ae. albopictus (LC50 3.41 μg·mL−1) than Ae. aegypti (LC50 12.41 μg·mL−1). ACERF and annonacin treated larvae of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus showed significant differences in the inhibition of their metabolic enzymes when compared to untreated larvae. The results demonstrate the relevant larvicidal action of the acetogenin-rich fraction and annonacin showing the potential to develop new products for the control of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus.

scholarly journals Effect of stalk and leaf extracts from Euphorbiaceae species on Aedes aegypti (Diptera, Culicidae) larvae

2006 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 211-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Goretti Araújo de Lima ◽  
Ismália Cassandra Costa Maia ◽  
Bruna Dantas de Sousa ◽  
Selene Maia de Morais ◽  
Sílvia Maria Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Variance Analysis ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Different Parts

The objective of this study was to evaluate the larvicidal activity of essential oil aqueous solutions (hydrolates) obtained by steam distillation of stalks and leaves of Croton argyrophylloides, Croton nepetaefolius, Croton sonderianus and Croton zehntneri against Aedes aegypti larvae. Twenty-five larvae of third instar were placed in plastic beckers, containing the hydrolates (50 mL), in a four repetitions scheme. Water was used as control and the number of dead larvae was counted after 24 hours. The data obtained were submitted to Variance Analysis and Tukey test. Significant differences were observed among the hydrolates from different species and from different parts of each plant (p < 0.001). The hydrolates of stalk and leaf from C. nepetaefolius and C. zehntneri and leaf hydrolate of C. argyrophylloides presented 100% mortality against larvae. The compounds present in C. zenhtneri and C. nepetaefolius are oxygenated phenylpropanoids that are more soluble in water than the monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes detected in the oils of C. argyrophylloides and C. sonderianus. This study showed that all species analyzed presented compounds with larvicidal properties, with differences between each plant parts.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the role of Shodhana (Purification) process in Croton tiglium seeds for reduction of toxic content

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 565-575
Author(s):  
Ajay Kumar Meena ◽  
Poorna Venkataraman ◽  
Ravindra Singh ◽  
Kusuma Ganji ◽  
Murali Krishna C ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Purification Process ◽  
Croton Tiglium ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Detoxification Process ◽  
Seed Extracts

In Ayurvedic texts, Jayapala or croton tiglium seeds are well known as khumbini for its toxicity (severe purgative action) and are used for the treatment of constipation after shodhana (detoxification) of the seed with godugdha (cow milk). The oil content of the seeds was responsible for the purgative property, and its reduction enhances its medicinal usage. The presence of Crotonoside or iso-guanosine in seed extract was identified in HPTLC and quantified using high pressure liquid chromatography technique both before and after the purification process of the seed. The phytochemicals and physicochemical parameters of seeds were analyzed to find the level of changes in the processed seeds. The other chemical constituents of the seed extracts are studied using different techniques like HPTLC, HPLC, LC-MS, and GC-MS. The study has revealed that the detoxification process, as per classical texts, has shown an effective depletion in the quantity of crotonoside in processed seeds.

Effect of Solanum lycopersicum leaf extracts against larvicidal activity of Aedes aegypti L.

Biomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-473
Author(s):  
Nityasree B. R. ◽  
Chalannavar R. K. ◽  
Ghosh S. K. ◽  
Divakar M. S. ◽  
Sowmyashree K.
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Mosquito Vectors ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Alternative Source

Introduction: Aedes mosquitoes are responsible for transmitting various life-threatening diseases all over the world and created a burden to society. Control of mosquito vectors is the key challenge to avoid disease transmission. In this regard, the present work is focused to utilize the agronomical waste of Solanum lycopersicum leaf extracts and to evaluate the larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti. Methods: The qualitative and quantitative screening of S. lycopersicum leaf extracts were carried out. The larvicidal activity of different concentrations were assessed against 3rd instar Ae. aegypti and to determine the morphological effects. The chemical constituents were analysed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Results: The preliminary phytochemical screening of S. lycopersicum leaf extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, phenols and flavonoids. The methanol extract exhibited strong larvicidal activity at 48h treatment with an LC50 value of 20.323mg/ml. The morphological changes revealed that abnormal movement and coiling of treated larvae at 24h. Furthermore, severe damage was noticed in the digestive and respiratory tract of Ae. aegypti larvae at 48h, later on complete mortality was observed. The GC-MS analysis of methanol extract showed chemical constituents such as phytol acetate (42.66%), neophytadiene (29.38%) and other minor compounds. Conclusion: Based on the results, it can be concluded that methanolic leaf extract of S. lycopersicum could be an alternative source to control mosquito vectors and further investigation is strongly suggested in order to utilise this source in many disease-endemic areas.

scholarly journals Larvicidal effect of dried leaf extracts from Pinus caribaea against Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) (Diptera: Culicidae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Alberto Kanis ◽  
Rodrigo Damian Antonio ◽  
Ériston Paes Antunes ◽  
Josiane Somariva Prophiro ◽  
Onilda Santos da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
World Health ◽  
Pinus Caribaea ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Reduced Pressure ◽  
Lignin Concentration ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
First Time

In this study, the larvicidal activity of dried leaf extracts from Pinus caribaea Morelet against Aedes aegypti was evaluated for the first time. Pinus caribaea extracts were obtained by macerating dried leaves in alkaline hydroethanol, ethanol and acetone solutions followed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The lignin content was quantified using the thioglycolic acid complexation method. Lethality bioassays (LC50 and LC90) were carried out in accordance with the recommendations of the World Health Organization. The results showed that the acetone extract from Pinus caribaea was more active, and that larvicidal activity was associated with lignin concentration.

scholarly journals AKTIVITAS INSEKTISIDA EKSTRAK DAUN DAN BIJI TEPHROSIA VOGELII J. D. HOOKER (LEGUMINOSAE) DAN EKSTRAK BUAH PIPER CUBEBA L. (PIPERACEAE) TERHADAP LARVA CROCIDOLOMIA PAVONANA (F.) (LEPIDOPTERA: CRAMBIDAE)

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Muhamad Abizar ◽  
Djoko Prijono
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Feeding Method ◽  
Tephrosia Vogelii ◽  
Leaf Residue ◽  
Seed Extracts

Insecticidal activity of leaf and seed extracts of Tephrosia vogelii J. D. Hooker (Leguminosae) and fruit extract of Piper cubeba L. (Piperaceae) on the cabbage head caterpillar, Crocidolomia pavonana (L.) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae).  Ethyl acetate leaf and seed extracts of Tephrosia vogelii and a solid fraction of ethyl acetate fruit extract of Piper cubeba were evaluated for their insecticidal activity on second-instar larvae Crocidolomia pavonana by a leaf-residue feeding method in the laboratory.  Leaf extracts of purple and white-flowered T. vogelii showed the same pattern of component separation on silica gel TLC plate (Rf between 0.21 and 0.94), and likewise the separation of components of seed extracts of purple and white-flowered T. vogelii (Rf between 0.31 and 0.96).  All four kinds of T. vogelii extracts showed intense UV-absorbing nonpolar spots (Rf > 0.8).  Based on LC50 ratio at day 4, leaf extract of purple-flowered T. vogelii (LC50 0.075%) was 4.30, 2.70, 2.21, and 1.64 times more toxic than fruit extract of P. cubeba, seed extract of white-flowered T. vogelii, seed extract of purple-flowered T. vogelii, and leaf extract of white-flowered T. vogelii, respectively.  All T. vogelii extracts were more toxic to C. pavonana larvae than P. cubeba fruit extract.  At LC95 level, a mixture of leaf extract of purple-flowered T. vogelii and fruit extract of P. cubeba (5:9, w/w) was more toxic to C. pavonana larvae than each extract tested separately.  This extract mixture had synergistic joint action against C. pavonana larvae both at LC50 and LC95 level.  Thus, leaf extract of purple-flowered T. vogelii and its mixture with P. cubeba fruit extract are promising to be used for controlling C. pavonana.

scholarly journals Aktivitas Larvasida Ekstrak Daun Tumih (Combretocarpus rotundatus (Miq.) Danser) terhadap Larva Aedes aegypti

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Renhart Jemi ◽  
Royda Dara Ertini Damanik ◽  
Lies Indrayanti
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Ft Ir

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kadar ekstrak daun tumih dan menguji aktivitas larvasidanya terhadap Aedes aegypti. Daun tumih dimaserasi dan difraksinasi dengan pelarut metanol, n-heksana, etil asetat, dan etanol. Aktivitas larvasida ekstrak diuji dengan konsentrasi 0, 5, 10, 25, 50, 75, dan 100 ppm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rendemen dari ekstraksi daun tumih pada berbagai larutan adalah sebagai berikut ekstrak metanol sebesar 15%, n-heksana 51%, etil asetat 35% dan etanol 85%. Hasil uji fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak metanol daun tumih positif mengandung senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, dan tanin. Pengujian larvasida ekstrak daun tumih menunjukkan pengaruh terhadap mortalitas larva Aedes aegypti. Aktivitas larvasida ekstrak daun tumih optimum pada ekstrak etil asetat dengan LC(50) = 24,54 ppm, ekstrak metanol LC(50) = 45,65 ppm, ekstrak etanol LC(50) = 46,77 ppm dan ekstrak n-heksana LC(50) = 48,97 ppm. Ekstrak etil asetat daun tumih merupakan ekstrak teraktif dalam aktivitas larvasidanya. Selanjutnya, analisis FT-IR menunjukkan adanya gugus fungsi C-H alkana dan C = C aromatik. Gugus fungsi tersebut diduga penyusun senyawa alkaloid, flavanoid, saponin, dan tanin. Hasil analisis LCMS mengindikasikan adanya 7 senyawa bioaktif yaitu hexadecyl-ferulate, 21-o-methyl toosendanopentaol, 23-acetate alismaketone, dehydroxy-24-acetate alisol, physanol, prosapogenin 2, dan stigmastan-3,6-dione Larvacide Activity of Tumih (Combretocarpus rotundatus (Miq.)Danser) Leaf Extracts against Aedes aegyptiAbstractThis research aimed to measure the content of Combretocarpus Rotundatus (Miq.) Danser leaf extracts and to test its larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti. The leaves were macerated and fractionated using methanol, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol. The extract contents from the leaves extraction were metanol extract of 15%, n-hexane extract of 51%, ethyl acetate extract of 35% and ethanol extract of 85%. The larvicidal activity of extracts was tested with concentration of 0, 5, 10, 25, 50, 75, and 100 ppm. Phytochemicals test exhibited that the methanol extract of Combretocarpus rotundatus (Miq.) Danser leaves contained alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. Larvicidal test conducted on the extracts exhibited an effect on the mortality levels against Aedes aegypti larvae. The larvicidal activity of leaf extracts was optimum in the ethyl acetate extract at LC(50) = 24.54 ppm, methanol extract at LC(50) = 45.65 ppm, ethanol extract at LC(50) = 46.77 ppm, and n-hexane extract at LC(50 = 48.97 ppm. It was found that the ethyl acetate extract was the most active larvicide. FT-IR analysis showed existing functional groups of C-H alkanes and C=C aromatics. Those functional groups were assumed to be flavanoid, alkaloid, saponin, and tannin constituents. Results of LC-MS analysis indicated 7 bioactive compounds i.e.hexadecyl-ferulate, 21-o-methyl toosendanopentaol, 23-acetate alismaketone, dehydroxy-24-acetate alisol, prosapogenin 2, and stigmastan-3,6- dione.

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