scholarly journals RELEVANSI HUKUM PROGRESIF TERHADAP HUKUM ISLAM

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-48
Author(s):  
Muhammad Samsuri

One of the most interesting legal ideas in the current legal literature of Indonesia is progressive law. This is because progressive law has challenged the existence of modern law which has so far been considered established in punishment. The law reveals the veil and overthrows the failures of modern law based on positiveistic, legalistic and linear philosophy to address issues developed in accordance with the law as a matter of human and humanity. Progressive law contains the liberating spirit of liberation from the legalistic and linear conventional legal conviction. Running a law is not merely textual legislation but in running the law must be by determination, empathy, dedication, commitment to the suffering of the nation to dare to find another way to prosper human. Progressive law starts from a basic assumption, law is an institution that aims to bring people to a life of justice, prosperity and make people happy. The flexibility of the development of Islamic legal thought is highly relevant to introducing the ethos of progresivism in the dynamics and crystallization of Islamic law. The implication of this progressive mode of thinking is the liberation of mankind from mythological, passive and aggressive-conservative things. On the basis of this progressive ethos, it is recognized the capacity of the free will, free act.

Author(s):  
Rebecca Skreslet Hernandez

In addition to his views on ijtihād and tajdīd, al-Suyūṭī’s lasting influence in Islamic legal thought lies in the area of legal precepts (pithy maxims or questions that sum up areas of the law). Al-Suyūṭī’s al-Ashbāh wa-l-naẓāʾir stands as a core work in this genre of legal literature and is still a popular textbook for students at Egypt’s premier institution of religious learning, al-Azhar. Using the pragmatic theory of Grice and others, I argue that legal precepts fulfill a number of key discursive functions for the jurist. It is with al-Suyūṭī’s Ashbāh that he is most successful in asserting his authority as an aggregator, abstractor, and framer of the law. The power of framing lies in the ability to distill key universal principles from the vast corpus of Islamic substantive law and to assert that these principles represent the essence and spirit of the Sharīʿa.


2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-40
Author(s):  
Abdul Jalil Abdul Jalil

Abstract: The al-Qur’ân is the only source of law by muslims believed to contain the rules guidelines and guidence to live in the word and the hereafter. Understand it (al-Qur’ân) requires a skill as well expertise, especially in the filed of linguistics  (rule lughâwiyyah) so as to understand the meaning of the word of god as defailed in the al-qur’ân. But god’s law is written in mushhaf sheets are also has the meaning that can be understood from what is implied  behind the text, a fundamental goal (maqâshid al-syarî’ah) of legal provisions in nashshîyyah. In the article the author wants to give an alternative understanding of the idea of a reformer of islamic legal thought that al-Syâthîbî in maqâshid al-syarî’ah outlines in his monumental work. Entitled al-muwâfaqât fî usûl al-syarî’ah . Whit this idea, the observer of islamic law is expected in understanding the law of god is not mely because there is an assessment tekts, but also expected more attention to and consider the fundamental purpose of the establishment of law of god. Key Words: al-Qur’ân, maqâshid al-syarî’ah, al-Syâthîbi, dan mashlahah


2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-91
Author(s):  
A. Malthuf Siroj

Islamic law has two dimensions at once, namely universality and locality. In contemporary Islamic legal thought, there are two trends that contain mutual attraction between the two to bring dimension of locality to the dimension of universality on one side, and vice versa on the other side. As a consequence, there will be two possibilities, absoluteness or relativization of Islamic law. The legal discourse increasingly gains its own intensity in recently in line with the development of science and the use of various approaches in the study of Islamic law. Islamic law that is universally used is called syari`ah. This syariah law is rules of Allah SWT that is produced from texts with qath’î quality either from the side of the existency or the meanings without human beings rasional (ra’y) intervention because those texts are not the object of Ijtihad. Meanwhile, local Islamic Law is called fiqh. It is the law which is produced from texts with zhannî quality and becomes an object of Ijtihad. Because Fiqh is the result of Ijtihad so that it is usual when there are many madzhabs on it. Therefore, this paper will put this issue in proportion to find common ground between the two trends of contemporary Islamic legal thought. So that, it will hopefully clear up us the limits of universality and locality dimension of Islamic law, a focus of this legal discourse.


HUMANIKA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-30
Author(s):  
Mohamad Ikrom

Islam membawa ajaran luhur dan ideal bersumber dari Allah dengan konsep Alqur’andan teladan implementasi oleh rasulullah khususnya dalam mengangkat derajat perempuanyang secara historis termarjinalisasi kederajat yang setara dan bahkan terkesan lebihdimuliakan. Konsep ideal islam tentang gender terbiaskan karena dua hal: pertama,pemahaman terhadap sumber hukum yang bersifat tekstual dan dogmatis. Kedua, perolehanpemahan umat islam dari mubalig yang terkesan patriarkis dan memarjinalkan perempuandalam materinya. Sehingga mengembalikan umat islam pada bias gender pada era jahiliyahsebelum datangnya islam yang patriarkis dan memarjinalkan perempuan.Hukum yang dibuat pemerintah Indonesia dari pusat sampai tingkat peraturan desadianggap tidak mensejahterakan perempuan, malah terkesan tidak ramah terhadap perempuan.Hal ini dapat dilihat dari indikator yang dipakai hukum tersebut bersifat simbolistik daneksploitasi tubuh wanita, seperti kewajiban menutup aurat, kewajiban berjilbab, bekerja padawilayah yang tertutup, sehingga perlu rekonstruksi kembali hukum Islam yangmensejahterakan dan berkeadilan. Rekonstruksi pemikiran hukum Islam dapat mengunakanbeberapa prinsip sebagai berikut: Prinsip Maqashid al-Syari`ah, Prinsip Relativitas Fiqh,Prinsip Tafsir Tematik, Prinsip Kemaslahatan (al-Maslahat), Prinsip Kesetaraan dan KeadilanGender (al-Musawah al-Jinsiyah), Prinsip Pluralitas (al-Ta`addudiyyah), Prinsip Nasionalitas(al-Muwathanah),, Prinsip Penegakan HAM (Iqamat al-Huquq al-Insaniyah), PrinsipDemokrasi (al-Dimuqrathiyyah)Islam brings noble and ideal teachings sourced from God with the concept of the Qur'anand the example of implementation by the messenger of Allah in particular in raising the rankof women who have historically been marginalized to equal degrees and even seem moreglorified. The ideal Islamic concept of gender is refracted because of two things: first,understanding of textual and dogmatic sources of law. Second, the acquisition of Muslimsfrom the preachers who seemed patriarchal and and seemed to marginalize women in terms ofmaterial, so that returning the Muslims to gender bias in the era of ignorance before the arrivalof patriarchal Islam and marginalizing women.Laws made by the Indonesian government from the center to the level of villageregulations are deemed not to prosper women, instead they seem unfriendly to women. Thiscan be seen from the indicators used by the law that are symbolic and exploit the body of women, such as the obligation to cover the genitals, the obligation to veil, work in a closedarea, so that the reconstruction of Islamic law is prosperous and just. Reconstruction ofIslamic legal thought can use several principles as follows: Maqashid al-Shari'ah Principle,Principles of Fiqh Relativity, Thematic Interpretation Principles, Principles of Benefit (al-Maslahat), Principles of Equality and Gender Justice (al-Musawah al-Jinsiyah), PrinciplesPlurality (al-Ta`addudiyyah), Principles of Nationality (al-Muwathanah) ,, Principles ofHuman Rights Enforcement (Iqamat al-Huquq al-Insaniyah), Principles of Democracy (al-Dimuqrathiyyah)


Asy-Syari ah ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abu Tolhah

The development of religious court in Indonesia is existing while the establishment of Islamic law as part of national law system. It is influenced by the improvement of legal thought which is the background of Islamic law legislation. In independence period, exactli on 1970, the government emphasizes the existence of religious court through the law of court institution number 14 of 1970. On 1977, Indonesian Supreme Court pusblished the rule of Islamic court through the law number 7 of 1989 in which give the religious court for casation to supreme court.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Anwar Hafidzi ◽  
Rina Septiani

This study aims to determine the legal protection of women who are forced to marry according to Islamic law and human rights. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative with a normative legal approach, namely by analyzing the problem through data from the legal literature. The results of the research found that the marriage law in Indonesia does not recognize the right to consent, on the contrary, the law requires the consent of both parties to enter into a marriage with pleasure without coercion. This is based on the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights and Marriage Law Number 1 of 1974. Once the reinterpretation of the right to ijbar is considered objective because this concept is based on the form of protection and responsibility in choosing one's life partner.  


Author(s):  
Kharisman Koima Batubara

Grant is one of the transitions of property rights that have been regulated in the Code of Civil Law. The definition of a grant as explained in the provisions of Article 1666 of the Civil Code is something of an agreement with which the donor in his lifetime, free of charge and irrevocably, hand over an object for the purpose of the recipient of the grant who received the surrender. Grant is also one of worship that aims to strengthen the sense of affection between the donor and the recipient of the grant.This type of research is library research by discussing books, both primary and secondary books that explain the concepts of civil law and Islamic law.  Meanwhile, this research is comparative descriptive with normative approach. The research method used in this paper is normative-empirical legal research. The data used are secondary data and primary data derived from books, or legal literature, legislation, interviews and other materials that are included in the scope of the grant.Based on the results of the study, it can be obtained that the problem in this study is about the process of transitions the land rights cannot be carried out because the giving of the grant is done by means of a grant under the hand and the grantor has passed away before the transition process is done before a Notary.This is due to the lack of legal understanding of the procedure for land grants in accordance with the law and it has become their custom to comply with customary law which is allowed to do underhand grants without being done before a Notary and the grant is invalid if it is not done before a Notary except for those who are subject to customary law. Basically the grant is valid and consequently it applies to the parties if the receipt of the grant has received explicitly the gift (with a Notarial deed) this is regulated in article 1683, article 1682 of the Law Code. Based on the underhand grant of the donor who has died first before the transitions process of the rights in the legislation, a religious court decision is needed so that the transitions of land can be carried out. Keywords: Land, Underhand Grant, Notary


2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-169
Author(s):  
Marion Holmes Katz

The recent “ethical turn” in the study of Islamic law has directed much attention to the cultivation of “virtuous passions” as central to the project of the classical Sharīʿa. This model has been particularly salient in the study of normative rituals, and some scholars have extended it to encompass much broader social and disciplinary aspects of the ideal Sharʿī order. The present paper focuses on the concept of ḥayāʾ (shame), understood as the fear of moral or social disapprobation, which is arguably the affective trait Muslim thinkers saw as most fundamental to proper social functioning and adherence to the law. The article compares the treatment of ḥayāʾ in ethical and legal works of scholars of the Shāfiʿī legal school in the 11th to early 12th centuries and argues that works of substantive law pursued a deliberately minimal approach to the role of affect.


2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-51
Author(s):  
Mubasher Hussain

This article deals with legal thought of Shāh Walī Allāh, an outstanding religious thinker of eighteenth-century Muslim India, who emerged as one of the most prominent proponents of independent legal reasoning (ijtihād). According to Walī Allāh, ijtihād has always been a communal duty and thus it stipulates the existence of jurists capable of independent legal reasoning (mujtahids) in all ages. His thought-provoking response to the issues concerning ijtihād and taqlīd has led to a great deal of attention from scholars in both the East and the West. However, there remains the controversy of whether he advocated for an independent ijtihād after the eponyms of the law schools or not. This study attempts, analyzing Walī Allāh’s views on the juristic typology maintained by Sunnī jurists, to show how Walī Allāh argued for the continuity of ijtihād, both partial and independent, throughout the history of Islamic law. The author concludes that Walī Allāh believed not only in the possibility of absolute ijtihād (al-ijtihād al-muṭlaq) or ijtihād through legal theory (fī ’l-uṣūl) and positive law (wa ’l-furū‘), after the eponyms of the juristic schools, but also in the existence of such absolute jurists throughout Islamic centuries.


ALQALAM ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nadratuzzaman Hosen ◽  
Deden Misbahudin Muayyad

This article explains about the Islamic law of gift from Bank to customers related to saving and gyro accounts of Islamic Bank. The Islamic Banks give gift directly  and  indirectly  to  new  ettstomers  and  old  customers  through drawing  (qur'ah) or lottery and non-drawing. There are disputes (ikhtilaf) among Islamic Law  Experts (Fuqaha’) about the status of law when Islamic Banks give the gift. Hanafi and  Syafi'i  Schools  of thought  opined  that  the gift  can  be given  to  the customers as long as there is no agreement between bank and costomers meanwhile the banks still have a debt to consumers, this is permissible. Maliki and Hanbali schools opined that the gift is not permissible during the time of borrowing and lending. Majority Islamic Exsperts allow to give gift after banks have already paid­ back the debt to consumers as long as there is no agreement between bank and cusiomers, but Maliki School do not allow lo give gift at that condition. Also, for giving gift should free from gambling or elements of gambling (muqamarah).  The method of this article is using literature reviews from classical Islamic Law's books and contemporary Islamic law's books related to drawing or lottery and gambling, meanwhile the aims if this mticle are to investigate the law status if gift from bank to new customers and old customers with direct and indirect ways.   Keywords : gift, saving and gyro accounts, disputes, drawing and elements of gambling


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