Comparing Calculated LDL with Direct Method: A Retrospective, Real-World Evidence Study on Diagnostic Lab Reports from A Single Center in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Munjal Shah ◽  
Nehal Mehta ◽  
Vaibhavi Bhosale ◽  
Srivani Palukuri ◽  
Mohini Gehlot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Linear Regression Method ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Real World Evidence ◽  
Nonparametric Distribution ◽  
Friedewald Formula

Objective: To compare and validate the calculated LDL values from Friedewald and Anandaraja formulas with directly measured values in the Indian population. Material and Methods: The study was conducted on randomly selected 102 individuals of 16 to 88 years of age during December 2019. The direct LDL values were measured using selective solubilization assay, and Friedewald and Anandaraja formulas were used to calculate LDL for comparison. The correlations between direct and calculated methods were assessed using the linear regression method. Receiver operating characteristic analysis with nonparametric distribution was used to compare the sensitivity and specificity of the three methods. Results: The average LDL of direct method, 107.3 mg/dL, Friedewald formula, 89.7 mg/dL, and Anandaraja was 99.0 mg/dL. The relation between direct and calculated values assessed by linear regression showed 97% and 87% of correlation with Friedewald and Anandaraja, respectively. The ROC analysis inferred that direct (AUC 0.74; 95% CI 0.64-0.83) and Friedewald (AUC 0.71; 95% CI 0.61-0.81) methods had shown about 70% efficiency in predicting true positive and true negative dyslipidemia cases. In our dataset, the Anandaraja formula could not well differentiate positives from negative cases of dyslipidemia with merely 60% AUC. Conclusion: The underpredicted values from the Friedewald formula were associated with deranged cholesterol and HDL values, not triglycerides. Anandaraja formula overpredicted by 10 to 30 mg/dL when triglycerides were <150 mg/dL and underpredicted by 10-43 mg/dL while non-HDL was >140 mg/dL.

Rainfall Prediction in South-Eastern Part of Bangladesh by Linear Regression Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Mohammad Shohidul Islam ◽  
Sultana Easmin Siddika ◽  
S M Injamamul Haque Masum
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Rain Gauge ◽  
Regression Method ◽  
Linear Regression Method ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Rainfall Forecasting ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Rainfall Prediction

Rainfall forecasting is very challenging task for the meteorologists. Over the last few decades, several models have been utilized, attempting the successful analysing and forecasting of rainfall. Recorded climate data can play an important role in this regard. Long-time duration of recorded data can be able to provide better advancement of rainfall forecasting. This paper presents the utilization of statistical techniques, particularly linear regression method for modelling the rainfall prediction over Bangladesh. The rainfall data for a period of 11 years was obtained from Bangladesh Meteorological department (BMD), Dhaka i.e. that was surface-based rain gauge rainfall which was acquired from 08 weather stations over Bangladesh for the years of 2001-2011. The monthly and yearly rainfall was determined. In order to assess the accuracy of it some statistical parameters such as average, meridian, correlation coefficients and standard deviation were determined for all stations. The model prediction of rainfall was compared with true rainfall which was collected from rain gauge of different stations and it was found that the model rainfall prediction has given good results.

An alternative model of the vibronic coupling in octahedral complexes

1988 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 1134-1140
Author(s):  
Martin Breza ◽  
Peter Pelikán
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Alternative Model ◽  
Potential Surface ◽  
Analytical Formula ◽  
Coupling Model ◽  
Regression Method ◽  
Vibronic Coupling ◽  
Linear Regression Method ◽  
Active Systems ◽  
Jahn Teller

It is suggested that for some transition metal hexahalo complexes, the Eg-(a1g + eg) vibronic coupling model is better suited than the classical T2g-(a1g + eg) model. For the former, alternative model, the potential constants in the analytical formula are evaluated from the numerical map of the adiabatic potential surface by using the linear regression method. The numerical values for 29 hexahalo complexes of the 1st row transition metals are obtained by the CNDO/2 method. Some interesting trends of parameters of such Jahn-Teller-active systems are disclosed.

scholarly journals 419. Diagnostic Utility of a Ferritin to Procalcitonin Ratio to Differentiate Patients with COVID-19 from Those with Bacterial Pneumonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S277-S277
Author(s):  
Katherine C Jankousky ◽  
Peter Hyson ◽  
Jin Huang ◽  
Daniel B Chastain ◽  
Carlos Franco-Paredes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Host Response ◽  
Bacterial Pneumonia ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic Analysis ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
The Us ◽  
Test Probability ◽  
Receiver Operating

Abstract Background Accurate, rapid, inexpensive biomarkers are needed to differentiate COVID-19 from bacterial pneumonia, allowing effective treatment and antibiotic stewardship. We hypothesized that the ratio of ferritin to procalcitonin (F/P) reflects greater viral activity and host response with COVID-19 pneumonia, while bacterial pneumonia would be associated with less cytolysis (lower ferritin) and more inflammation (higher procalcitonin), thus a lower F/P ratio. Methods We conducted a retrospective study of adult patients admitted to a single University hospital in the US through May 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic. We compared F/P ratio of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 or bacterial pneumonia, excluding patients with COVID-19 and bacterial co-infections. In a logistic regression, we controlled for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), diabetes (DM), and hypertension (HTN). We used a receiver operating characteristic analysis to calculate the sensitivity and specificity of F/P values for the diagnosis of COVID-19 versus bacterial pneumonia. Results Of 218 patients with COVID-19 and 17 with bacterial pneumonia, COVID-19 patients were younger (56 vs 66 years, p=0.04), male (66% vs 24%, p=0.009), had higher BMI (31 vs 27 kg/m2, p=0.03), and similar rates of HTN (59% vs 45%, p=0.3) and DM (32% vs 18%, p=0.2). The median F/P ratio was significantly higher in patients with COVID-19 (3195 vs 860, p=0.0003, Figure 1). An F/P ratio cut-off of ≥ 1250 generated a sensitivity of 78% and a specificity of 59% to correctly classify a COVID-19 case (Figure 2). When adjusted for age, gender, BMI, DM, and HTN, a ratio ≥ of 1250 was associated with significantly greater odds of COVID-19 versus bacterial pneumonia (OR: 4.9, CI: 1.5, 16.1, p=0.009). Figure 1. Ferritin to Procalcitonin Ratios of patients with COVID-19 and patients with Bacterial Pneumonia (controls). Figure 2. Receiver Operating Characteristic Analysis of Ferritin to Procalcitonin Ratio Cut-off Values Predicting COVID-19 Diagnosis. Conclusion We observed an elevated F/P ratio in patients with COVID-19 compared to those with bacterial pneumonia. A F/P ratio ≥ 1250 provides a clinically relevant increase in pre-test probability of COVID-19. Prospective studies evaluating the discriminatory characteristics of F/P ratio in larger cohorts is warranted. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Lesion-to-background ratio threshold value of SUVmax of simultaneous [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/MRI imaging in patients with prostate cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zhao ◽  
Bernd Hamm ◽  
Winfried Brenner ◽  
Marcus R. Makowski
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Absolute Threshold ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Psma Pet ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Receiver Operating

Abstract Purpose This study aimed to calculate an applicable relative ratio threshold value instead of the absolute threshold value for simultaneous 68Ga prostate-specific membrane antigen/positron emission tomography ([68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET) in patients with prostate cancer (PCa). Materials and methods Our study evaluated thirty-two patients and 170 focal prostate lesions. Lesions are classified into groups according to Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS). Standardized uptake values maximum (SUVmax), corresponding lesion-to-background ratios (LBRs) of SUVmax, and LBR distributions of each group were measured based on regions of interest (ROI). We examined LBR with receiver operating characteristic analysis to determine threshold values for differentiation between multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI)-positive and mpMRI-negative lesions. Results We analyzed a total of 170 focal prostate lesions. Lesions number of PI-RADS 2 to 5 was 70, 16, 46, and 38. LBR of SUVmax of each PI-RADS scores was 1.5 (0.9, 2.4), 2.5 (1.6, 3.4), 3.7 (2.6, 4.8), and 6.7 (3.5, 12.7). Based on an optimal threshold ratio of 2.5 to be exceeded, lesions could be classified into MRI-positive lesion on [68Ga]Ga-PSMA PET with a sensitivity of 85.2%, a specificity of 72.0%, with the corresponding area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.83, p < 0.001. This value matches the imaging findings better. Conclusion The ratio threshold value of SUVmax, LBR, has improved clinical and research applicability compared with the absolute value of SUVmax. A higher threshold value than the background’s uptake can dovetail the imaging findings on MRI better. It reduces the bias from using absolute background uptake value as the threshold value.

scholarly journals Diagnostic utility of a Ferritin-to-Procalcitonin Ratio to differentiate patients with COVID-19 from those with Bacterial Pneumonia: A multicenter study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal A Gharamti ◽  
Fei Mei ◽  
Katherine C Jankousky ◽  
Jin Huang ◽  
Peter Hyson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Pneumonia ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Similar Proportion ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Multivariable Analyses ◽  
Prevalence Of Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background There is an urgent need for accurate, rapid, inexpensive biomarkers that can differentiate COVID-19 from bacterial pneumonia. We assess the role of the ferritin-to-procalcitonin (F/P) ratio to classify pneumonia cases into those due to COVID-19 or due to bacterial pathogens. Methods This multicenter case-control study compared patients with either COVID-19 and bacterial pneumonia, admitted between March 1 and May 31, 2020. Patients with COVID-19 and bacterial pneumonia co-infection were excluded. The F/P in patients with COVID-19 or with bacterial pneumonia were compared. Receiver operating characteristic analysis determined the sensitivity and specificity of various cut-off F/P values for COVID-19 versus bacterial pneumonia. Results A total of 242 COVID-19 pneumonia cases and 34 bacterial pneumonia controls were included. Patients with COVID-19 pneumonia had a lower mean age (57.11 vs 64.4 years, p=0.02) and a higher BMI (30.74 vs 27.15 kg/m 2, p=0.02) compared to patients with bacterial pneumonia. Cases and controls had a similar proportion of women (47% vs 53%, p=0.5) and COVID-19 patients had a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus (32.6% vs 12%, p=0.01). The median F/P was significantly higher in patients with COVID-19 (4037.5) compared to the F/P in bacterial pneumonia (802, p&lt;0.001). An F/P ≥ 877 used to diagnose COVID-19 resulted in a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 56%, with a positive predictive value of 93.2%, and a likelihood ratio of 1.92. In multivariable analyses, an F/P ≥ 877 was associated with greater odds of identifying a COVID-19 case (OR: 11.27, CI: 4-31.2, p&lt;0.001). Conclusion An F/P ≥ 877 increases the likelihood of COVID-19 pneumonia compared to bacterial pneumonia.

scholarly journals Identification of an optimal prolactin threshold to determine prolactinoma size using receiver operating characteristic analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca M. Leca ◽  
Maria Mytilinaiou ◽  
Marina Tsoli ◽  
Andreea Epure ◽  
Simon J. B. Aylwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Tumour Size ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Pituitary Neoplasms ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
Receiver Operating

AbstractProlactinomas represent the most common type of secretory pituitary neoplasms, with a therapeutic management that varies considerably based on tumour size and degree of hyperprolactinemia. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the relationship between serum prolactin (PRL) concentrations and prolactinoma size, and to determine a cut-off PRL value that could differentiate micro- from macro-prolactinomas. A retrospective cohort study of 114 patients diagnosed with prolactinomas between 2007 and 2017 was conducted. All patients underwent gadolinium enhanced pituitary MRI and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were performed. 51.8% of patients in this study were men, with a mean age at the time of diagnosis of 42.32 ± 15.04 years. 48.2% of the total cohort were found to have microadenomas. Baseline serum PRL concentrations were strongly correlated to tumour dimension (r = 0.750, p = 0.001). When performing the ROC curve analysis, the area under the curve was 0.976, indicating an excellent accuracy of the diagnostic method. For a value of 204 μg/L (4338 mU/L), sensitivity and specificity were calculated at 0.932 and 0.891, respectively. When a cut off value of 204 μg/L (4338 mU/L) was used, specificity was 93.2%, and sensitivity 89.1%, acceptable to reliably differentiate between micro- and macro- adenomas.

scholarly journals Dysbiosis characteristics of gut microbiota in cerebral infarction patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-133
Author(s):  
Hao Li ◽  
Xiaohui Zhang ◽  
Dengdeng Pan ◽  
Yongqiang Liu ◽  
Xuebing Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Cerebral Infarction ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Diagnostic Model ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Rrna Sequencing ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Microbiota Diversity

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study is to investigate the dysbiosis characteristics of gut microbiota in patients with cerebral infarction (CI) and its clinical implications.MethodsStool samples were collected from 79 CI patients and 98 healthy controls and subjected to 16S rRNA sequencing to identify stool microbes. Altered compositions and functions of gut microbiota in CI and its correlation with clinical features were investigated. Random forest and receiver operating characteristic analysis were used to develop a diagnostic model.ResultsMicrobiota diversity and structure between CI patients and healthy controls were overall similar. However, butyrate-producing bacteria (BPB) were significantly reduced in CI patients, while lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were increased. Genetically, BPB-related functional genes were reduced in CI patients, whereas LAB-related genes were enhanced. The interbacterial correlations among BPB in CI patients were less prominent than those in healthy controls. Clinically, BPB was negatively associated with the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), while LAB was positively correlated with NIHSS. Both BPB and LAB played leading roles in the diagnostic model based on 47 bacteria.ConclusionsThe abundance and functions of BPB in CI patients were significantly decreased, while LAB were increased. Both BPB and LAB displayed promising potential in the assessment and diagnosis of CI.

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