scholarly journals Participation of Women in the Labor Market in Europe and Informal Care Hours

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Pardo-Garcia ◽  
Francisco Escribano Sotos
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Informal Care ◽  
Participation Of Women

scholarly journals Factores que impiden el empoderamiento económico de la mujer chihuahuense

2019 ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
Elsy Denise Martínez-Torres ◽  
Olinda Ornelas-Benítez ◽  
Jorge Luis Estrada-Perea ◽  
Herik Germán Valles-Baca
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Wage Discrimination ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Statistical Methodology ◽  
Gender Perspective ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
Labor Statistics ◽  
Main Factors

In recent decades, the participation of women in all movements is increasing, in the field of labor statistics affected by this increase, however, the percentage of discriminatory practices towards women has also been detected in Mexico in the labor market, which has managed to generate high rates of wage discrimination and a lower probability of obtaining better paid positions. Due to the importance of this issue, this study presents the main factors that impede the empowerment of Chihuahua women, through a descriptive statistical methodology, focusing their analysis on the study of the characteristics between men and women when entering the labor market and how They are reflected in the salary remuneration, with the way of knowing if this phenomenon is due to sociodemographic factors or a gender perspective problem, and thus show the current panorama faced by women in the state of Chihuahua.

Gender-Responsive TVET Framework

2019 ◽  
pp. 235-258
Author(s):  
Shashi Bala ◽  
Puja Singhal
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Vocational Education ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Education System ◽  
Skill Development ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Gender Perspective ◽  
Participation Of Women

Vocational education plays a pivotal role in achieving gender equality in skill development, and it has impacted the participation of women in labor market. Although there are various schemes and programs run by different ministries of India, they lack gender focus. As a result, it has widened the gender gap in various socio-economic indicators. This chapter proposes a TVET framework from gender perspective along with the review of current technical and vocational education system in India. It also identifies the challenges faced by women in enhancing their skills and its impact on their employability.

scholarly journals From Mill Town to Board Room: The Rise of Women's Paid Labor

2000 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 101-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dora L Costa
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Women's Labor ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
Paid Labor ◽  
Board Room

The widespread participation of women in paid labor outside of the home and in the highest echelons of society would have been unheard of a century ago. This paper documents this dramatic change in women's social and economic status and argues that it was determined both by contemporaneous demand factors and by the characteristics, expectations, and social norms regarding work and family of different cohorts of women. History suggests that change in women's labor force experiences may be slow because it must await the entry of new cohorts of women (and also of men) into the labor market.

Education and Labor Market Participation of Women in Asia: Evidence from Five Countries

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa A. Cameron ◽  
J. Malcolm Dowling ◽  
Christopher Worswick
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Market Participation ◽  
Market Participation ◽  
Participation Of Women

Women in the Tunisian Labor Market

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rim Ben Ayed Mouelhi ◽  
Mohamed Goaied
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Female Employment ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Mena Countries ◽  
The Public ◽  
Participation Decision ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
Family Friendly

This chapter aims at analyzing the characteristics of female employment and unemployment in Tunisia and at identifying the main incentives and constraints to female labor participation and choice of employment status. After the 2000s, female participation stagnated at around 25 percent in Tunisia—higher than the average in the MENA countries but half the world rate. Several socio-cultural factors with economic implications shape the participation of women in the labor market. Marital status is considered a constraint for labor force participation for woman. Women’s educational attainment also influences both their participation decision and the type of employment they choose. The services sectors provide the majority of female jobs, especially in the public sector, which is considered “family friendly.” Women are poorly represented in positions of responsibility and leadership, and the rate of self-employment among Tunisian women is low. The female unemployment rate is above that of men.

Influence of Gender Inequality in Employment and Inequal Employment Opportunities on Women's participation in the Saudi Labor Market during (2010- 2020): تأثير عدم المساواة بين الجنسين في التوظيف وتكافؤ الفرص الوظيفية على مشاركة المرأة في سوق العمل السعودي خلال الفترة 2010- 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (20) ◽  
pp. 173-157
Author(s):  
Abeer Kamel Alfarran Abeer Kamel Alfarran
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Var Model ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Legal Reforms ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Participation Of Women

The study aimed at identify the influence of gender inequality in employment and inequal employment opportunities on women's participation in the Saudi labor market. The importance of the study lies in addressing the scientific gap due to the lack of previous scientific studies, which dealt with gender inequality and the extent of their impact on women's participation in the Saudi labor market. Moreover, to documenting and evaluating the legal reforms and regulations of the Saudi labor market that aimed to reduce the gender inequality in employment and inequal employment opportunities. The researcher used the relational research method based on hypotheses, which depends on an in-depth review and compilation of evidence from previous secondary sources during (2010-2020), related to the study problem. For data analysis, the researcher used (EViews software), and performed statistical treatments using the Victor autoregressive (VAR) model. The study found that gender inequality in employment and equal employment opportunities cause about 30% of the low participation of women in the Saudi labor market. The study recommended passing clear, explicit and binding legislation related to both employment and job opportunities on an equal footing for both genders.    

scholarly journals Male/Female Differences in the Impact of Caring for Elderly Relatives on Labor Market Attachment and Hours of Work: 1997–2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 694-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M Smith ◽  
Caroline Cawley ◽  
Allison Williams ◽  
Cameron Mustard
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Informal Care ◽  
Labor Market Participation ◽  
Market Participation ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Employment Relationships ◽  
Market Impacts ◽  
Part Time ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Representative Samples

Abstract Objectives Using representative samples of the Canadian labor market (N = 5,871,850), this study examined male/female differences in the impact of informal care on labor market attachment, and the extent to which differences in labor market participation and employment relationships explained these differences over a 19-year period. Methods We examined four outcomes related to labor market impacts associated with caring for elderly relatives: leaving the labor market, working part-time, taking time off work in the previous week, and the amount of time taken off from work. Regression models examined differences between men and women, and the extent to which gendered labor market roles accounted for these differences. Results We observed an increase in all labor market outcomes over the study period. Women were more likely than men to experience each outcome. Adjusting for labor market role variables did not change these estimates appreciably. After adjustment for differences in labor market roles women were 73% more likely to leave the labor market, more than 5 times more likely to work part-time, and twice as likely to take time off in the last week due to informal care. Further, for temporary absences to provide care, women took an average of 160 min more per week than men. Discussion Taken together, these results suggest an increasing impact of informal care on labor market participation in Canada between 1997 and 2005, and it remains gendered.

scholarly journals Structural Unemployment in Luxembourg

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (243) ◽  
Author(s):  
William Gbohoui
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Labor Market Participation ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Structural Unemployment ◽  
High Unemployment ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
Work Disincentives ◽  
Benefit System

This paper combines both micro and macro approaches to identify the drivers of (un)employment and inactivity in Luxembourg. The young, low-skilled, and non-EU migrants are found to be the most vulnerable groups in the labor market. In addition to skills mismatches, work disincentives embedded in the tax-benefit system constitute a factor explaining structural unemployment. High unemployment of young and low-skilled workers reflects substantial unemployment traps, while disincentives for second earners (respectively the generosity of the pension system) contribute to lower labor market participation of women (respectively seniors). Further reduction of structural unemployment requires better integration of vulnerable groups into the labor market and improved targeting of benefits to make work more rewarding.

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