The Impact of Cross-Cultural Background Knowledge upon Iranian EFL Students’ Productive Skills
Teaching culture has been considered important in foreign language instruction for almost a century. In this study theliterature behind Cultural Schema Theory was reviewed and the practicality of applying this theory into the EFLclassroom and its effect on the EFL students’ productive skills (writing and speaking) were observed. This studyincludes two phases. First, a learning phase in which the treatment group was exposed to a variety of materials ofdifferent cultural issues. Second, a test phase in which a pre and post-test of speaking and writing were given to bothcontrol and experimental groups to determine any differences in their writing and speaking performance. And at theend of the treatment a semi-structured interview was used to know the experimental group’s opinion about differentcultural issues that were discussed during the term in their EFL class. The data was subjected to the statisticalprocedure of t-test and the results of this study indicated that not only all the students of experimental groupoutperformed the students of control group in their speaking and writing performance but also according to thesemi-structure interview the students of experimental group had a positive reaction towards the integration of cultureinto the classroom context. The results showed that L2 learners may need to understand different aspects of the targetculture better in order not only to speak and write accurately but also to interpret appropriately what they hear and tointeract effectively with members of the target culture.