scholarly journals A six level automatic soil temperature measuring system

MAUSAM ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-166
Author(s):  
J.S. PJLLAI ◽  
SANGEETA SAXENA ◽  
K. G. VERNEKAR
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Measuring Equipment ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Soil Heat Flux ◽  
Diurnal Variations ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Temperature Profiles ◽  
Temperature Measuring ◽  
Chart Recorder

An automatic soil temperature measuring equipment is developed using four terminal thermistors. The output voltages from the six levels, i.e., 10 cm above soil surface, soil surface and 10 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm and 60 cm below the soil surface, are amplified and their multiplexed output is recorded on a chart recorder. The equipment is tested in the field and continuous observations are taken during May 1991. Temperature profiles for different hours of the day are plotted and diurnal variations of all levels are also discussed. An attempt is made to evaluate the damping depth and thence the thermal conductivity and soil heat flux.

scholarly journals Análise Comparativa do Fluxo de Calor no Solo em Profundidade e na Superfície (Brazil Comparative Analysis of Soil Heat Flux in Depth and Surface)

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 665
Author(s):  
Willames Albuquerque Soares
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Thermal Diffusivity ◽  
Heat Flow ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Soil Heat Flux ◽  
Clear Sky ◽  
Harmonic Method ◽  
Sky Conditions

O objetivo deste estudo é comparar os resultados do fluxo de calor no solo, na superfície e em profundidade, encontrados por sensores de fluxo de calor no solo e pelo método harmônico, em cultivo de mamoneira. No dia sem chuvas, a pouca quantidade de água no solo diminuiu a sua difusividade térmica, provocando um maior acúmulo de energia no solo, e, consequentemente, a elevação na temperatura nas camadas mais próximas à superfície. As principais diferenças entre os valores medidos e estimados aconteceram nos horários de maior insolação, principalmente nos dias em que o céu estava encoberto por nuvens. A presença da vegetação cobrindo o solo influenciou diretamente nos valores medidos e modelados. As estimativas tanto em profundidade como para a superfície do solo se mostraram bastante satisfatórias, tanto em dias de céu claro como para dias de céu encoberto.     A B S T R A C T The aim of this study was to compare the results of soil heat flow, in the surface and depth, found by sensors soil heat flux and by harmonic method, in castor  crop . On days without rainfall, the small amounts of water in the soil decreased its thermal diffusivity, causing a higher energy accumulation in the soil and consequently an increase at a temperature on the layers nearest the surface. The main differences between the measured and estimated values occurred at times of intense sunlight, especially on days when the sky was obscured by clouds. The presence of vegetation covering the soil directly influenced the values measured and modeled. Estimates both in depth and to the soil surface proved very satisfactory, both in clear sky conditions as for overcast days.   Key-Words: Harmonic Method, Soil temperature, soil heat flux plates.

scholarly journals Deriving the Surface Soil Heat Flux from Observed Soil Temperature and Soil Heat Flux Profiles Using a Variational Data Assimilation Approach

2009 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 644-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Ronda ◽  
F. C. Bosveld
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Data Assimilation ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Soil Column ◽  
Soil Heat Flux ◽  
Variational Data Assimilation ◽  
Shortwave Radiation ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Vegetation Canopy

Abstract A novel approach to infer surface soil heat fluxes from measured profiles of soil temperature, soil heat flux, and observations of the vegetation canopy temperature and the incoming shortwave radiation is evaluated for the Cabauw measurement facility in the Netherlands. The approach is a variational data assimilation approach that uses the applied measurements to optimize, on a daily basis, parameter values of a model that describes the heat transport between the vegetation canopy and the surface and within the soil column. Insertion of error characteristics that either are inferred from the field data themselves or are derived from literature leads to valid estimates of the cost function for about 100 days in 2003. The approach gives values of the model parameters that compare well to values derived from the literature, although values for the soil conductivity and the volumetric heat capacity of the soil start to differ from the literature values at the end of 2003, possibly because of specific soil characteristics and the extreme dryness of the summer of 2003. The model gives estimates of the surface soil heat flux that compare well to estimates using the currently operational lambda approach, provided that the latter is adapted to account for the disturbance of the soil heat flux at the locations of the heat flux plates. Only when the surface soil heat flux is very small or very large does the new approach give estimates of the surface soil heat flux that differ from those obtained with the lambda approach.

Effects of harvesting and soil disturbance on soil CO2 efflux from a jack pine forest

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 589-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L Fleming ◽  
Michael F Laporte ◽  
Gary D Hogan ◽  
Paul W Hazlett
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Soil Removal ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Soil Disturbance ◽  
Co2 Efflux ◽  
Near Surface

We measured organic matter removal and soil compaction effects on soil surface CO2 efflux (F) from a jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) forest and developed an analytical framework involving multiplicative response functions to interpret response. Treatments included stem-only harvest (OM0C0), full-tree harvest (OM1C0), full-tree harvest with surface soil removal (OM2C0), full-tree harvest with surface soil removal and soil compaction (OM2C2), and uncut forest (UF). Mean F and calculated F at 10 °C under nonlimiting soil moisture conditions (F10) were greatest in treatments with intact organic surfaces and often larger in the OM2C0 than in the OM2C2. F10 showed strong linear relationships with detrital production in harvested plots, with total near-surface carbon in all plots, and was positively correlated with understory cover. F increased exponentially with soil temperature, with the most and least pronounced responses found in the UF and OM2C0 treatments, respectively. F also responded in parabolic fashion to relative soil water content. In the UF, F was often low in May because of cold soils, but subsequently attained rates equivalent to those of the OM0C0 and OM1C0, despite lower soil temperatures. Three to five growing seasons after treatment, soil temperature and moisture, together with F10, explained 71%–87% of the plot-level variation in F.

Soil temperatures under grass fires

Soil Research ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 273 ◽  
Author(s):  
DR Scotter
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Reasonable Agreement ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Temperature Profiles ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Thermal Diffusivities ◽  
Simplified Mathematical Model

A simplified mathematical model describing soil temperatures under grass fires is presented. It is assumed that, for grass fires that are short-lived in any one spot, the soil temperature just beneath the surface does not rise above 100�C. Data are presented for two experiments in which temperatures just above the soil surface and at depths ranging from 0.3 to 4 cm were measured. These results are compared with the results predicted by the theory and reasonable agreement is found. Predicted maximum temperature profiles for two soil thermal diffusivities and two fire durations are given.

Relation between soil temperature and biophysical parameters in Indian mustard seeds

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Adak ◽  
N.V.K. Chakravarty
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Biophysical Parameters ◽  
Oil Accumulation ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Surface Soil Temperature

Abstract Temporal changes in surface soil temperature were studied in winter crop. Significant changes in bare and cropped soil temperature were revealed. Air temperature showed a statistically positive and strong relationship (R2 = 0.79** to 0.92**) with the soil temperature both at morning and afternoon hours. Linear regression analysis indicated that each unit increase in ambient temperature would lead to increase in minimum and maximum soil temperatures by 1.04 and 1.02 degree, respectively. Statistically positive correlation was revealed among biophysical variables with the cumulative surface soil temperature. Linear and non-linear regression analysis indicated 62-69, 72-86 and 72-80% variation in Leaf area index, dry matter production and heat use efficiency in Indian mustard crop as a function of soil degree days. Below 60% variation in yield in Indian mustard was revealed as a function of soil temperature. In contrast, non-significant relationship between oil content and soil temperature was found, which suggests that oil accumulation in oilseed crops was not affected significantly by the soil temperature as an independent variable.

Embryo dormancy responses to temperature in capeweed (Arctotheca calendula) seeds

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda J. Ellery
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Temperature Fluctuation ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Seed Collection ◽  
Embryo Dormancy ◽  
Response To Temperature ◽  
Dormancy Cycles

Changes in embryo dormancy of capeweed [Arctotheca calendula (L.) Levyns.] seeds in response to temperature were investigated to determine the nature of seasonal dormancy cycles. Primary embryo dormancy persisted for 2–3 months after seed collection and was then rapidly relieved when seeds were maintained at temperatures simulating summer soil surface temperatures. Embryo dormancy was also rapidly relieved in seeds maintained at constant temperatures, indicating that a daily temperature fluctuation was not necessary for the relief of embryo dormancy in capeweed. Dormancy relief was maximal at 40°C. Secondary dormancy was induced when seeds were maintained at low temperatures and a water potential of –1.5 MPa, suggesting that the onset of winter may postpone germination until a subsequent autumn. These results indicate that the dormancy cycles observed in capeweed seeds maintained on the soil surface are probably driven by seasonal changes in soil temperature.

Interval of days required for determining efficient relations between climatic factors and cotton flower and boll production

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zakaria M Sawan ◽  
Louis I Hanna ◽  
Willis L McCuistion
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Sunshine Duration ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Cotton Production ◽  
Surface Soil Temperature

The cotton plant (Gossypium spp.) is sensitive to numerous environmental factors. This study was aimed at predicting effects of climatic factors grouped into convenient intervals (in days) on cotton flower and boll production compared with daily observations. Two uniformity field trials using the cotton (G. barbadense L.) cv. Giza 75 were conducted in 1992 and 1993 at the Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt. Randomly chosen plants were used to record daily numbers of flowers and bolls during the reproductive stage (60 days). During this period, daily air temperature, temperature magnitude, evaporation, surface soil temperature, sunshine duration, humidity, and wind speed were recorded. Data, grouped into intervals of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 10 d, were correlated with cotton production variables using regression analysis. Evaporation was found to be the most important climatic variable affecting flower and boll production, followed by humidity and sunshine duration. The least important variables were surface soil temperature at 0600 and minimum air temperature. The 5-d interval was found to provide the best correlation with yield parameters. Applying appropriate cultural practices that minimize the deleterious effects of evaporation and humidity could lead to an important improvement in cotton yield in Egypt. Key words: Cotton, flower production, boll production, boll retention

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document