scholarly journals Adaptability evaluation of TRMM over the Tianshan Mountains in central Asia

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 625-632
Author(s):  
L. K. NING ◽  
H. L. LIU ◽  
A. M. BAO ◽  
X. L. PAN
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Tianshan Mountains ◽  
Ecological Problem ◽  
Hydrological Process ◽  
Accuracy Analysis ◽  
Mountain Area ◽  
The Past ◽  
Analysis Theory ◽  
Data Source

Accurate precipitation in mountain area is very important for evaluating the hydrological process and ecological problem. With the satellite data having been widely used in the past few decades, adaptability evaluation becomes the principle problem. The adaptability of TRMM 3B43 in mountain area of Central Asia was analyzed in this study. The TRMM product was compared with the observed data for the period of 2000-2006. Four statistic parameters were introduced based on the statistical analysis theory. The results show that the bias reached -13.93% over the entire regions, and the correlation coefficients over 70% of stations were greater than 0.70. According to the accuracy analysis of TRMM, we found the errors have significant differences in time and space. On the whole, the precision in the warm seasons is much higher than that in the cold seasons. The precision of the southern and eastern areas is higher than the other areas in space. Additionally, the accuracy of TRMM with elevation was acceptable at very significant level. This study indicates that the precipitation from TRMM 3B43 could be applied in the Tianshan Mountains in Central Asia. It could provide reference for the use of new data source in the mountain area.  

scholarly journals Tree-ring-based assessments of drought variability during the past 400 years in the Tianshan mountains, arid Central Asia

2021 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 107702
Author(s):  
Ting Wang ◽  
Anming Bao ◽  
Wenqiang Xu ◽  
Ruide Yu ◽  
Qingling Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tianshan Mountains ◽  
Drought Variability ◽  
Arid Central Asia ◽  
The Past

The Elachistidae of southern Siberia and Central Asia, with descriptions of five new species (Lepidoptera)¹

1992 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 177-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauri Kaila
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Baikal Region ◽  
Tianshan Mountains ◽  
Previous Literature ◽  
Altai Mountains ◽  
Southern Siberia

The Elachistidae material collected during the joint Soviet-Finnish entomological expeditions to the Altai mountains, Baikal region and Tianshan mountains of the previous USSR is listed. Previous literature dealing with the Elachistidae in Central Asia is reviewed. A total of 40 species are dealt with, including descriptions of five new species: Stephensia jalmarella sp. n. (Altai), Elachista baikalica sp. n. (Baikal), E. talgarella sp. n. (southern Kazakhstan), E. esmeralda sp. n. (southern Kazakhstan) and E. filicornella sp. n. (southern Kazakhstan). The previously unknown females of E. bimaculata Parenti, 1981 and Biselachista zonulae Sruoga, 1992 are described.

scholarly journals A Little Something Goes a Long Way: Little in the Old Bailey Corpus

2021 ◽  
pp. 007542422098206
Author(s):  
Claudia Claridge ◽  
Ewa Jonsson ◽  
Merja Kytö
Keyword(s):  
Good Deal ◽  
Functional Profile ◽  
Prepositional Phrases ◽  
Related Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Old Bailey ◽  
Version 2.0 ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Late Modern

Even though intensifiers have received a good deal of attention over the past few decades, downtoners, comprising diminishers and minimizers, have remained by and large a neglected category (but cf. Brinton, this issue). Among downtoners, the adverb little or a little stands out as the most frequent item. It is multifunctional and serves as a diminishing and minimizing intensifier and also in non-degree uses as a quantifier, frequentative, and durative. Therefore, the present paper is devoted to the structural and functional profile of ( a) little in Late Modern English speech-related data. The data source is the socio-pragmatically annotated Old Bailey Corpus (OBC, version 2.0), which allows, among other things, the investigation of the usage of the item among different speaker groups. Our research charts the semantic and formal uses of adverbial little. Downtoner uses outnumber non-degree uses in the data, and diminishing uses are more common than minimizing uses. The formal realization is predominantly a little, with very rare determinerless or modified instances, such as very little. Little modifies a wide range of “targets,” but most frequently adjectives and prepositional phrases, focusing on human states and circumstantial detail. With regard to variation and change, adverbial little declines in use over the 200 years and is used more commonly by speakers from the lower social ranks and by the lay, non-professional participants in the courtroom.

scholarly journals Relationship of Heavy Metals and Soil N, P, K and Total Salts in Tianshan Mountains, Central Asia

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (16) ◽  
pp. 8971-8975
Author(s):  
Zhaoyong Zhang ◽  
Jilili Abuduwaili ◽  
Fengqing Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Tianshan Mountains ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Relationship Of

scholarly journals Genetic and linguistic histories in Central Asia inferred using approximate Bayesian computations

2017 ◽  
Vol 284 (1861) ◽  
pp. 20170706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentin Thouzeau ◽  
Philippe Mennecier ◽  
Paul Verdu ◽  
Frédéric Austerlitz
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Past History ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Language Diversity ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
The Past ◽  
Approximate Bayesian ◽  
Future Work

Linguistic and genetic data have been widely compared, but the histories underlying these descriptions are rarely jointly inferred. We developed a unique methodological framework for analysing jointly language diversity and genetic polymorphism data, to infer the past history of separation, exchange and admixture events among human populations. This method relies on approximate Bayesian computations that enable the identification of the most probable historical scenario underlying each type of data, and to infer the parameters of these scenarios. For this purpose, we developed a new computer program PopLingSim that simulates the evolution of linguistic diversity, which we coupled with an existing coalescent-based genetic simulation program, to simulate both linguistic and genetic data within a set of populations. Applying this new program to a wide linguistic and genetic dataset of Central Asia, we found several differences between linguistic and genetic histories. In particular, we showed how genetic and linguistic exchanges differed in the past in this area: some cultural exchanges were maintained without genetic exchanges. The methodological framework and the linguistic simulation tool developed here can be used in future work for disentangling complex linguistic and genetic evolutions underlying human biological and cultural histories.

Artisans to Producers

2020 ◽  
pp. 103-148
Author(s):  
Fanny Bessard
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Near East ◽  
Physical Change ◽  
Near Eastern ◽  
The Past ◽  
Early Islam

This chapter considers the physical change of the workspace chronologically, geographically, and by industry. From the case studies of pottery, glass, and textile making, as well as food processing, it discusses the standardization of the Roman practice, as seen at Timgad in North Africa, of zoning and conglomerating crafts in early Islam across the Near East and Central Asia. While acknowledging this continuity with the past, it examines the novelty and significance of manufacturing after 800, when ‘post-Roman’ ceased to be a meaningful description of Near Eastern economy, and questions whether urban crafts experienced differentiated or similar forms of development.

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