scholarly journals Cryopreservation of Mycobacterium bovis isolates

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (5Supl2) ◽  
pp. 3701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cássia Yumi Ikuta ◽  
Simone Rodrigues Ambrosio ◽  
Antonio Francisco de Souza Filho ◽  
José Henrique de Hildebrand Grisi-Filho ◽  
Marcos Bryan Heinemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Low Loss ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Friedman's Test ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Freezing Procedure ◽  
Culture Maintenance ◽  
Living Organisms

Research, development of new biotechnological methods, diagnostic tests, confirmation of results, and reinvestigations are possible because of the availability of well-preserved living organisms maintained without any changes. Cryopreservation is a simpler, more reliable and long-term stable method for culture maintenance. Storage temperature and composition of the suspending vehicle are factors that affect the viability of mycobacterial strains. Three vehicles and three storage temperatures were evaluated to define a suitable cryoprotective medium for the preservation of Mycobacterium bovis strains. Colonies of sixteen M. bovis isolates were used to prepare the suspensions, which were then added to three vehicles: sterile 0.85% saline solution (SS), Middlebrook 7H9 broth (7H9), and Middlebrook 7H9 broth with sodium pyruvate (7H9p) replacing glycerol. Aliquots of these suspensions were frozen by three different methods, directly in the -20°C freezer, directly in the -80°C freezer, and at -196°C by immersion in liquid nitrogen (LN). The frozen aliquots were thawed at room temperature after 45, 90 and 120 days. Mycobacterial viability was assessed by counting the living cells on plates of Stonebrink medium before and after the freezing procedure. Storage at -20°C exhibited a lower recovery of M. bovis compared to storage at -80°C (Dunn’s test, p=0.0018) and LN (Dunn’s test, p=0.0352). There was no statistically significant difference between storage at -80°C and in LN (Dunn’s test, p=0.1403), yet -80°C showed better results than LN. All three suspending vehicles showed no statistically significant difference in terms of viability (Friedman’s test, p=0.7765). Given the low loss proportion of 5% during storage at -20°C and the high cost equipment required for storage at -80°C and LN, we recommend storage at -20°C or -80°C, when this is available, for preservation of M. bovis field strains.

scholarly journals The Management and Outcome of Higher Order Multifetal Pregnancies: Obstetric, Neonatal and Follow-up Data

Twin Research ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
Mark H. Yudin ◽  
Elizabeth V. Asztalos ◽  
Ann Jefferies ◽  
Jon F.R. Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcome ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

AbstractThe objective of this study was to describe current obstetric, neonatal, and long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes of higher order multifetal gestations (≥ 3 fetuses) in the 1990s. We also intended to identify a target gestational age at which neonatal and neurodevelopmental morbidities are low. Records from all multifetal pregnancies (≥ 3 viable fetuses ≥ 20 weeks gestation) delivered at the two perinatal centers in Toronto, Ontario, Canada during the study period (January 1, 1990–December 31, 1996) were reviewed. Data were collected on obstetric, neonatal, and long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes. Follow up data were gathered regarding the presence of a severe deficit in four categories (vision, hearing, cognition, and motor skills). Statistical analysis was performed to determine a gestational age at which a significant decrease in deficit occurred. During the study period 165 multifetal pregnancies were delivered. This resulted in 511 fetuses, of which 496 were live births. Of these 496 infants, 453 survived to discharge. Follow up data were obtained on 332 (73.3 per cent) infants. Infant survival increased with gestational age, and was approximately 90 per cent or greater at 26 weeks or more. Of all infants followed, the proportion of those without deficit increased with increasing gestational age, such that the per cent without deficit was 96.9 at 31 weeks or greater. Of all infants followed, 301 (90.7 per cent) had no deficit. Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference in long-term neurodevelopmental outcome between infants born before and after 28 weeks gestation. The incidence of a major deficit was 44.1 per cent for those born earlier than and 5.4 per cent for those born later than this gestational age (p = 0.001). In our cohort, survival figures were high. Even in lower gestational groupings, survival was high, but not without serious concerns about severe morbidity. This information is useful when counseling parents of higher order multifetal pregnancies.

scholarly journals Association of Microalbuminuria and Bevacizumab Therapy Outcomes in Diabetic Retinopathy Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Ahmad Rasoulinejad
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Fast Blood Sugar ◽  
Therapy Outcomes ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Urine Albumin ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a visual impairment-related eye disease developed by long-term hyperglycemic status. Diabetic condition in DR patients leads to diabetic organopathies (e.g., renal failure). Albuminuria, as a hallmark of renal failure, can be correlated with visual indicators in DR patients. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the role of albuminuria status in visual acuity (VA) and bevacizumab therapy outcomes in DR patients. Methods: In this retrospective study, 48 DR patients were admitted to the Ophthalmology Center of Ayatollah Rouhani Hospital, affiliated with Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. The retinopathy status and VA were identified before and after treatment through 45 days of bevacizumab therapy. In addition, fast blood sugar, hemoglobin A1c, urine albumin, and urine creatinine were evaluated using standard laboratory methods. Results: The VA value before treatment in microalbuminuric DR patients (0.106 ± 0.036) was significantly lower than non-microalbuminuric DR patients (0.347 ± 0.286; P < 0.001). Furthermore, VA value after treatment in microalbuminuric DR patients (0.115 ± 0.071) was significantly lower than non-microalbuminuric DR patients (0.355 ± 0.272; P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the percentage of VA increase between microalbuminuric and non-microalbuminuric patients. Moreover, the albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) was correlated with a lower VA level before and after treatment (P < 0.001 for both). There was no correlation between the percentage of VA increase with ACR, albumin, and creatinine. Conclusions: The current study results showed that different VA before and after bevacizumab therapy status was correlated with microalbuminuria status. Additionally, microalbuminuria status did not affect the percentage of VA increase in the treatment of DR patients.

scholarly journals Clinical efficacy of single intraoperative 500 mg methylprednisolone management therapy for thoracic myelopathy caused by ossification of the ligamentum flavum

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyang Huo ◽  
Jiaming Zhou ◽  
Shiwei Liu ◽  
Xing Guo ◽  
Yuan Xue
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Approach ◽  
Ligamentum Flavum ◽  
Thoracic Myelopathy ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Frankel Grade

Abstract Background: The objective of our study was to compare clinical outcome and postoperative complications between patients with thoracic myelopathy caused by ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF) treated with and without intraoperative methylprednisolone (MP).Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 101 patients who underwent posterior approach surgery for OLF and were followed up at least 1 year. Patients were divided into two groups according to MP use in the operation: MP group (n=47) and non-MP group (n=54). Clinical outcomes and complications were evaluated before and after operation and at the last follow-up. Results: Significant differences were found in modified Japanese Orthopedics Association (mJOA) scores and proportion of Frankel grade (A-C) between the two groups immediately after surgery and at 2-week follow-up. No significant differences were found between the two groups in mJOA score before operation and at the final follow-up. Moreover, no significant differences were observed in recovery rate according to mJOA score at any time points, and there was no significant difference in the proportion of Frankel grade (A-C) between the two groups at final follow-up. There were 13 documented infections: 10 in the MP group and 3 in the non-MP group (P=0.034).Conclusion: Management therapy with intraoperative 500 mg MP showed better recovery of nerve function within 2 weeks in patients with thoracic myelopathy caused by OLF compared with those did not receive MP. However, long-term follow-up results showed that there was no significant difference in neurological recovery between patients with intraoperative MP or not. Moreover, intraoperative MP increased the rate of wound infection.

scholarly journals P964 Assessment of long-term durability of transcatheter implanted aortic valves - structural and nonstructural deteriorations in 5 years follow-up

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Linkova ◽  
R Petr ◽  
E Paskova ◽  
V Kocka ◽  
P Tousek
Keyword(s):  
Young Patients ◽  
Transcatheter Aortic Valve ◽  
Clinical Complications ◽  
Structural Deterioration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Echocardiographic Examination ◽  
Valve Implantation

Abstract Introduction Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is the method of choice for patient with a significant stenosis (AS) who are contraindicated for cardio-surgical procedure. Medium – term results of TAVI are comparable with results observed for surgical replacements. There is limited knowledge of structural, nonstructural and clinical complications in five years follow-up which could contribute to TAVI indication for implantation in young patients. Goal. The aim of this study is to assess structural and non-structural deterioration of TAVI prosthesis by echocardiography and clinical evaluation at 5 years follow-up. Methods By the end of 2013, 112 patients were implanted TAVI in our center( average age, 80,4 ± 7,2 y, 53(47% ) males. All patients underwent both clinical and echocardiographic examination once a year and underwent native CT after five year. We analysed mortality, structural and non- structural deteriorations, and standard echocardiographic parameters before and after implantation, and at 5 years follow-up. Results 5-years mortality was 58%. There was not a statistically significant difference in age between the patients who survive and who died (80,2 ±7,3 vs 80,6 ± 7,3 p = 0.77) ,they had similar logistic EUROSCORE (17,0 ± 12,4 vs 16,9 ± 15,0, p = 0,96) and EF 53,8 ± 11,1 vs 52,3 ± 11,7,p= 0,51) before the procedure. 48 patients underwent the five years follow –up. Only one patient had to undergo reTAVI due to the earlier prosthetic degeneration. The average EOA was 1,88 ± 0,33 cm2), the average V max. after five years was 1,8 ± 0,4 m/s, PG max 13,6 ± 6,2 mm Hg a PG mean 8 ± 3,6 mm Hg ( no significant increase in time),Post procedural paravalvular regurgitation ≥ 2/4 appeared in 14 % patients. Twenty –three patients underwent CT scan which resulted in Agaston score O on TAVI replacement in 19(83 %) patients. Conclusion After 5 years follow-up, low rates of structural and nonstructural deterioration after TAVI were noted, suggesting good long- term durability.

scholarly journals PET Study in a Patient with Spinocerebellar Degeneration before and after Long-Term Administration of Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone

1996 ◽  
Vol 9 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 171-175
Author(s):  
H. Tanji ◽  
H. Nagasawa ◽  
T. Hayashi ◽  
H. Onodera ◽  
T. Fujiwara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Spinocerebellar Degeneration ◽  
Chronic Effect ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Term Administration ◽  
The Central Nervous System

We studied the chronic effect of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) in a patient with spinocerebellar degeneration by measuring cerebral metabolic rate for glucose (CMRG1c) using 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18FDG) and positron emission tomography (PET). A 56-year-old female, who had suffered from progressive ataxia for 2 years, was treated by intravenous administration of 2 mg TRH for 3 weeks, and CMRG1c of the brain was measured before and after treatment. CMRG1c was markedly decreased in the cerebellum and there was no significant difference before and after the treatment, i.e. mean CMRG1c values were 4.92 and 4.90 mg/100 g/min, and the ratios of the cerebellum versus the frontal cortex were 0.50 and 0.51, respectively. The degree of disequilibrium of her body examined with stabilography became better by the 19th day and further improved by the 26th day after the start of TRH treatment. Based on the present study we conclude that long-term administration of TRH did not improve CMRG1c in the cerebellum, but evidently improved the sway of gravity center by stabilography. We speculate that the chronic effect of TRH was not necessarily due to an improvement of cerebellar function, because TRH receptors are widely distributed throughout the central nervous system.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of maintenance of tropical freshwater fish communities in the face of disturbance

1999 ◽  
Vol 354 (1391) ◽  
pp. 1803-1810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith M. Martin–Smith ◽  
Lindsay M. Laird ◽  
Luke Bullough ◽  
Matthew G. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Fish Communities ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Physical Habitat ◽  
Fish Community Structure ◽  
Community Resistance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Face

Community resistance to, and resilience from, perturbation will determine the trajectory of recovery from disturbance. Although selective timber extraction is considered a severe disturbance, fish communities from headwater streams around Danum Valley Field Centre, Sabah, Malaysia, showed few long–term changes in species composition or abundance. However, some species showed short–term (< 18 months) absence or decrease in abundance. These observations suggested that both resistance and resilience were important in maintaining long–term fish community structure. Resistance to perturbation was tested by monitoring fish communities before and after the creation of log–debris dams, while resilience was investigated by following the time–course of recolonization following complete removal of all fish. High community resistance was generally shown although the response was site–specific, dependent on the composition of the starting community, the size of the stream and physical habitat changes. High resilience was demonstrated in all recolonization experiments with strong correlations between pre– and post–defaunation communities, although there was a significant difference between pool and riffle habitats in the time–course of recovery. These differences can be explained by the movement characteristics of the species found in the different habitats. Resilience appeared to be a more predictable characteristic of the community than resistance and the implications of this for ensuring the long–term persistence of fish in the area are discussed.

scholarly journals Zinc Administration and Improved Serum Markers of Hepatic Fibrosis in Patients with Autoimmune Hepatitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2465
Author(s):  
Kei Moriya ◽  
Norihisa Nishimura ◽  
Tadashi Namisaki ◽  
Hiroaki Takaya ◽  
Yasuhiko Sawada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Hepatitis ◽  
Serum Markers ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Regular Treatment ◽  
Procollagen Type ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Molecularly Targeted Agents ◽  
Before And After

Aim: The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of long-term zinc supplementation, which is important for the activation of various enzymes that contribute to antioxidant and antifibrotic activities, on the improvement of serum fibrotic markers in patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). Methods: A total of 38 patients with AIH under regular treatment at our hospital who provided their consent for being treated with polaprezinc (75 mg twice daily) were included and classified into 2 groups: the patients with zinc elevation (n = 27) and the patients without zinc elevation (n = 11). Serum biomarker of fibrosis, protein expression levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and their inhibitors (TIMPs) were evaluated. Results: A significant difference was found between the variability of serum procollagen type Ⅲ and collagen type Ⅳ-7S between the 2 groups before and after zinc administration for more than 24 months (p = 0.043 and p = 0.049). In the patients with zinc elevation, no significant changes were found in collagenase (MMP-1 and MMP-13) before and after zinc administration, whereas a significant increase in the expression of gelatinase (MMP-2 and MMP-9) was found after administration (p = 0.021 and p = 0.005). As for the relative ratio of MMPs to TIMPs, only MMP-9 to TIMP-1 showed a significant increase (p = 0.004). Conclusions: Long-term treatment with polaprezinc has been demonstrated to safely improve serum fibrosis indices through increases in MMP-2/-9 and MMP-9/TIMP-1 and is expected to be well combined with direct antifibrotic therapies such as molecularly targeted agents.

scholarly journals Impact of Long-term Soft Relining of Mandibular Complete Dentures on Brain Activity and Cognitive Function of Elderly Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (D) ◽  
pp. 158-165
Author(s):  
Eman Mostafa Ahmed Ibraheem ◽  
Hoda Gaafar Hassan Hammad
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Complete Dentures ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Soft Liner ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND: Stability and retention of mandibular complete denture are a chronic complaint in elderly patients and it may have potential effect on dementia. AIM: The study was conducted to evaluate the impact of the long-term soft liner (LTSL) for mandibular dentures on brain activity and cognitive function of completely edentulous elderly patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty elderly completely edentulous denture wearer patients were selected to participate in the study. Patient’s brain activity and cognitive function were investigated before and after the relining of the mandibular complete dentures with an LTSL material. Patient’s brain activities were investigated by electroencephalograms, while patient’s cognitive functions were evaluated by the aid of mini-mental state examinations. RESULTS: Statistical analysis of obtained results revealed a significant difference in patient’s brain activity as well as a cognitive function before and after the relining of the mandibular complete dentures. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term soft-lined mandibular dentures seemed having an impact on brain activity and cognitive function for elderly completely edentulous denture wearers.

scholarly journals Feasibility of Wave Intensity Analysis in Patients With Conotruncal Anomalies Before and After Pregnancy: New Physiological Insights?

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Victoria Ordonez ◽  
Sandra Neumann ◽  
Massimo Caputo ◽  
Stephanie Curtis ◽  
Giovanni Biglino
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Regurgitation ◽  
Aortic Distensibility ◽  
Double Outlet Right Ventricle ◽  
Wave Intensity ◽  
Intensity Analysis ◽  
Wave Intensity Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Conotruncal Anomalies

Background: Conotruncal anomalies (CTA) are associated with ongoing dilation of the aortic root, as well as increased aortic stiffness, which may relate to intrinsic properties of the aorta. Pregnancy hormones lead to hemodynamic changes and remodeling of the tunica media, resulting in the opposite effect, i.e., increasing distensibility. These changes normalize post-pregnancy in healthy women but have not been fully investigated in CTA patients.Methods: We examined aortic distensibility and ventriculo-arterial coupling before and after pregnancy using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR)-derived wave intensity analysis (WIA). Pre- and post-pregnancy CMR data were retrospectively analyzed. Aortic diameters were measured before, during, and after pregnancy by cardiac ultrasound and before and after pregnancy by CMR. Phase contrast MR flow sequences were used for calculating wave speed (c) and intensity (WI). A matched analysis was performed comparing results before and after pregnancy.Results: Thirteen women (n = 5, transposition of the great arteries; n = 6, tetralogy of Fallot; n = 1, double outlet right ventricle, n = 1, truncus arteriosus) had 19 pregnancies. Median time between delivery and second CMR was 2.3 years (range: 1–6 years). The aortic diameter increased significantly after pregnancy in nine (n = 9) patients by a median of 4 ± 2.3 mm (range: 2–7.0 mm, p = 0.01). There was no difference in c pre-/post-pregnancy (p = 0.73), suggesting that increased compliance, typically observed during pregnancy, does not persist long term. A significant inverse relationship was observed between c and heart rate (HR) after pregnancy (p = 0.01, r = 0.73). There was no significant difference in cardiac output, aortic/pulmonary regurgitation, or WI peaks pre-/post-pregnancy.Conclusions: WIA is feasible in this population and could provide physiological insights in larger cohorts. Aortic distensibility and wave intensity did not change before and after pregnancy in CTA patients, despite an increase in diameter, suggesting that pregnancy did not adversely affect coupling in the long-term.

scholarly journals Comparison of the levels of antenatal anxiety in pregnant women admitted for delivery before and after COVID-19 outbreak in Turkey

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-112
Author(s):  
Oğuz Güler ◽  
Şafak Hatırnaz
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
The State ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Containment Measures ◽  
Antenatal Anxiety ◽  
State And Trait Anxiety ◽  
Group 2

Objective This study aimed to compare the level of anxiety in pregnant women who were admitted to our institute before and after confirmation of COVID-19 outbreak have reached Turkey. Methods One-hundred and fifty consecutive pregnant women admitted to our institute following the emergence of the global COVID-19 outbreak (Group 1) and 150 age-matched pregnant women who were admitted to our institute for delivery following the confirmation of COVID-19 outbreak have reached Turkey (Group 2) were enrolled in this study. All patients were asked to fill out the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Results STAI-Trait scores, which reflect long term anxiety levels were similar in subjects admitted to our institute for delivery before the COVID-19 outbreak in Turkey compared to those admitted after COVID-19 outbreak (42.5±5.8 vs. 42.2±3.2, respectively; p=0.487). However, there was a significant difference in STAI-State scores, indicating state anxiety, between subjects admitted to our institute for delivery before and after confirmation of COVID-19 outbreak in Turkey (44.6±5.3 vs. 42.9±5.1, respectively; p=0.05). Conclusion Pregnant women admitted to our institute for delivery subsequent to the announcement of first COVID-19 case and declaration of the state of alarm have higher levels of state anxiety compared to those admitted before the establishment of first COVID-19 cases and containment measures.

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