scholarly journals Selectivity of the herbicide linuron sprayed in pre-emergence and post-early in carrot

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 1201
Author(s):  
Núbia Maria Correia ◽  
Agnaldo Donizete Ferreira de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Carrot Plant

Herbicide application is a method for weed control in carrot crops. However, the choice of the chemical treatment (herbicide, association of products, dose, and time of application) should consider its selectivity to the crop. It is desired to analyze the selectivity of linuron for carrot plants, when sprayed on pre-emergence and post-early cultivated plants. Two experiments were carried out in the field in an area of the commercial production of carrots, one with the Verano cultivar and the other with BRS Planalto. Both experiments included an experimental design with randomized blocks in a factorial 2 x 4 + 1 with six and four replications for the experiments with Verano and BRS Planalto, respectively. The herbicide linuron (675 and 990 g a.i. ha-1) was sprayed at four times, counting from the carrot sowing day: in the pre-emergence of the crop at 0, 3, and 6 days after sowing (DAS) and in the post-early emergence at 9 DAS, when the plants had 1 or 2 cotyledons. An untreated control was maintained as an additional treatment. Linuron was selective for the carrot plant cultivars Verano and BRS Planalto, in both doses tested, when sprayed in the pre-emergence, up to six days after sowing, and in the post-early (plants with 1 or 2 cotyledon leaves) at nine days after sowing.

The Effect of Trifluralin Applied Preplant on Grass Weed Control and Establishment and Yield of Barley (Hordeum vulgare)

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio A. Scursoni ◽  
Emilio H. Satorre
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Planting Pattern ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Density And Biomass ◽  
And Control ◽  
Crop Planting ◽  
Grass Weed

The objective of this paper was to evaluate the effect of preplant applications of trifluralin on barley stand and yield, and control of grass weeds in field experiments during 1992 and 1993. Factors examined were: (1) crop planting patterns (conventional drill with rows 15 cm apart and deep-seeder drill with rows 25 cm apart), (2) herbicide application times (22 d before sowing and immediately before sowing), and (3) herbicide application. During 1993, hand-weeded plots also were established. Trifluralin applied preplant at 528 g ai/ha reduced weed density and biomass. Weed control was higher under conventional planting than under the deep planting pattern, and there was no effect of the time of application on herbicide efficacy. There was no herbicide injury to the crop, and grain yield was higher in treated than in untreated plots due to successful weed control.

scholarly journals Sumatran Fleabane Control using Glyphosate in Association with Halauxifen-Methyl Formulations

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
L.H.S. ZOBIOLE ◽  
F.H. KRENCHINSKI ◽  
G. MORATELLI ◽  
N.V. COSTA
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
New Product ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
The Other ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
Different Growth Stages

ABSTRACT: The effectiveness of a new product has a great importance to weed control, especially those that are difficult to control or resistant to, such as the sumatran fleabane (Conyza sumatrensis). The objective of this research was to evaluate the control of C. sumatrensis at different growth stages, using halauxifen-methyl in combination with other herbicides. The experimental design used was a randomized blocks in a 3x10 factorial scheme, with four replications. The plants of C. sumatrensis were evaluated at different growth: stage 1: plants with 8 leaves; Stage 2: plants with 19 leaves and stage 3: plants with 45 leaves fully expanded. The herbicides used were the association of glyphosate with the herbicides 2,4-D at 806, 943 and 1,209 g a.e. ha-1, halauxifen-methyl + diclosulam at 5.06 g a.e. ha-1 + 25.52 g a.i. ha-1 and 6.32 g a.e. ha-1 + 31.87 g a.i. ha-1, halauxifen-methyl + 2,4-D at 5.00 + 783 g a.e. ha-1 and 6,0 + 940 g a.e. ha-1 and halauxifen-methyl at 5.0 and 6.0 g a.e. ha-1 and untreated, totaling 10 treatments. The herbicides demonstrated satisfactory control of the plants in Stage 1 at 50 DAA, with the exception of the glyphosate + 2,4-D treatment at the lowest rate. However for Stages 2 and 3 the halauxifen-methyl + diclosulam in both rates, provided superior controls in relation to the other treatments. The control of sumatran fleabane was facilitated when their management occurs in the early stages of development, however independent of the development stage, the best controls obtained were with the treatment containing glyphosate + halauxifen-methyl + diclosulam at 1,440 g a.e. ha-1 + 6.32 g a.e. ha-1 + 31.87 g a.i. ha-1. Thus, combinations of herbicides containing halauxifen-methyl are another option to control C. sumatrensis in agricultural systems.

Effect of Incorporation Methods and Time of Application on the Performance of Trifluralin Plus Metribuzin

Weed Science ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L. Barrentine ◽  
O. B. Wooten ◽  
J. R. Williford
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Subsurface Layer ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Crop Injury ◽  
Herbicide Mixture

Disk harrowing, spring tooth harrowing, and bed conditioning, alone or followed by bedding the rows, were evaluated in field studies to determine their efficacy to soil incorporate trifluralin (α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine) plus metribuzin [4-amino-6-tert-butyl-3-(methylthio)-as-triazine-5 (4H)-one] in soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr.]. Effects of the time interval between herbicide application and soybean planting were also evaluated. Effective weed control and adequate crop selectivity were obtained from all incorporation methods except those followed by bedding. Bedding occasionally reduced weed control and soybean stands as compared to incorporation without bedding. Excessive crop injury resulted from the application of a band of the herbicide mixture as a subsurface layer. The herbicide mixture was applied up to 6 weeks before soybean planting without adversely affecting crop or weed selectivity when incorporated with the spring tooth harrow without bedding.

scholarly journals SELECTIVE BROADLEAF WEED CONTROL IN GROUNDCOVERS

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 498A-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Walsworth ◽  
Edward Bush ◽  
Ronald Strahan ◽  
Ann Gray
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Issue ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Control Data ◽  
Sesbania Exaltata ◽  
Ophiopogon Japonicus

Selective broadleaf weed control is a major economic issue facing commercial landscapers and homeowners alike. Minimal selective post-emergent weed research has been successful in controlling landscape weeds. The objectives of this experiment were to determine the efficacy of seven selective broadleaf herbicides [nicosulfuron (0.66 oz/acre), flumioxazin (8 oz/acre), penoxsulam (2.3 fl oz/acre), bensulfuron (1.66 oz/acre), glyphosate (1% by volume), sulfentrazone (8 fl oz/acre), trifloxysulfuron (0.56 oz/acre) and the control] and to determine the ornamental phytotoxicity on three groundcover species (Liriope muscari, Ophiopogon japonicus, and Trachelospermum asiaticum). A RCBD design was used with five blocks. Each block was split establishing either mulched or bare soil plots (nonmulched). The ground-covers were established three months before herbicide application. On 29 June 2005, four weed species were evenly seeded into the blocks with one hundred seeds each of Sesbania exaltata, Ipomea hederacea, Amaranthus retroflexus, and Euphorbia maculata. Herbicides were applied using a CO2 backpack type sprayer on 6 Sept. 2005. Plant and weed control data were taken to evaluate phytotoxicity and efficacy at 0, 1, 7, 14, and 28 DAT. On 27 Oct. 2005, weeds were harvested from each plot and dried for a minimum of 48 h and weighed. No significant differences in phytotoxicity were observed on either Liriope muscari or Trachelospermum asiaticum. However, there was a significant increase in phytotoxicity exhibited by the Ophiopogon japonicus treated with sulfentrazone compared to all of the other herbicides. Glyphosate demonstrated the best overall control of all broadleaf weeds except Sesbania, while trifloxysulfuron showed the best control of Sesbania. There were no significant differences in herbicide efficacy between the mulched and nonmulched plots. Further research is being done to measure the effects of herbicide efficacy and phytotoxicity in 2006.

scholarly journals SELECTIVITY OF BENTAZON AND NICOSULFURON IN Crotalaria spectabilis INTERCROPPED WITH MAIZE CULTURE

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-389
Author(s):  
CASSIO HENRIQUE PEREIRA NOGUEIRA ◽  
NÚBIA MARIA CORREIA ◽  
LEONARDO JOSÉ PETEAN GOMES ◽  
PHELIPPE SANT'ANNA HONORIO FERREIRA
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
The Other ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Economic Return ◽  
Sunn Hemp ◽  
Mass Accumulation ◽  
Crotalaria Spectabilis

ABSTRACT Corn intercropped with showy crotalaria allows better use of the agricultural year, having in the same period, economic return from grain yield and the benefits of the legume. The objective was to study the selectivity of the herbicides bentazon and nicosulfuron to C. spectabilis, the weed control and the corn development intercropping system. Two experiments were conducted in the field, one in late-season and the other one in regular growing season. The experimental design was the randomized block, with fourteen treatments and four replicates. Eight treatments with herbicides were studied: bentazon (720 e 960 g a.i. ha-1), nicosulfuron (16 e 48 g a.i. ha-1) and bentazon + nicosulfuron (720 + 16; 720 + 48; 960 + 16; 960 + 48 g a.i. ha-1). Moreover, six controls were maintained: sole corn and sole showy crotalaria (with and without weeds), corn and sunn hemp intercropped (with and without weeds). The herbicide bentazon isolated, in both dosages tested, was selective to C. spectabilis. Nicosulfuron in 48 g a.i. ha-1, isolated or in mixture with bentazon, promoved the best weed control. Corn affected the recoverability of showy crotalaria plants treated with herbicides. In intercrop of corn and C. spectabilis, both late and regular season had good results in corn yield, legume mass accumulation without the necessity of herbicides pulverization.

scholarly journals Hoeing as a Possibility for Mechanical Weed Control in Winter Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.)

Crops ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Sebastian Schwabe ◽  
Sabine Gruber ◽  
Wilhelm Claupein
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
The Other ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Weed Biomass ◽  
Weed Plant

The framework conditions for chemical weed control in oilseed rape (OSR) are becoming increasingly unfavorable in Central Europe. On the one hand, weed resistance is spreading and, on the other, there is a growing social desire to reduce or eliminate the use of chemical crop protection products. In a field experiment, hoeing, as a weed control measure performed two times per growing season (one time in autumn and one time in spring) in oilseed rape (Brassica napus; two varieties), was compared to chemical control by herbicides and a combination of hoeing and herbicide application (five treatments altogether). The chemical control by herbicides consisted of a broad-spectrum pre-emergence treatment and a post-emergence graminicide application. The trial was set up in each of three periods (years 2014/2015, 2015/2016, and 2016/2017) at the experimental station Ihinger Hof, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany. The effect of the treatments on weed plant density, weed biomass at the time of harvesting, and on OSR grain yield was investigated. Weed plant density was measured four times per trial year, each time before and after hoeing. In 2015/2016 after spring hoeing, and in 2016/2017 at all data collection times, weed plant density was significantly higher in hoeing without herbicide application than in the other variants. No significant differences occurred at the other data collection times. The weed plant density ranged from 0.5 to 57.8 plants m−2. Regardless of the trial year, pure hoeing always resulted in a significantly higher weed biomass at the time of harvesting than the herbicide applications or the combinations. The weed biomass at the time of harvesting ranged between 0.1 and 54.7 g m−2. No significant differences in grain yield between hoeing and herbicide application occurred in all three trial years. According to the results, hoeing is a suitable extension of existing integrated weed control strategies in OSR.

scholarly journals Preemergent Weed Control in Container-grown Herbaceous Perennials

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 660c-660
Author(s):  
James E. Klett ◽  
David Hillock ◽  
David Staats
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Herbaceous Perennials ◽  
Gypsophila Paniculata ◽  
Herbicide Treatments

Herbicides were applied to container-grown herbaceous perennials and evaluated on the basis of weed control, phytotoxicity, and effect on plant growth. During the 1995 season six preemergent herbicides [(in kg·ha–1) Napropamide (Devrinol 10G), 4.5 and 9.1; Isoxaben (Gallery 75DF), 1.1 and 2.3; Oxadiazon (Ronstar 2G), 4.5 and 9.1; Oxyfluorfen + Oryzalin (Rout 3G), 3.4 and 13.6; Oryzalin (Surflan AS), 2.8 and 4.5; and Trifluralin (Treflan 5G) 4.5 and 9.1, were tested on Callirhoe involucrata, Delosperma nubigenum, Dendranthemum ×morifolium `Jennifer', Festuca cinerea `Sea Urchin', and Gypsophila paniculata `Fairy's Pink'. Isoxaben (both rates) resulted in visual phytotoxicity symptoms and sometimes death to Dendranthemum. Oxadiazon (9.1 kg·ha–1) and Oxyfluorfen + Oryzalin (both rates) resulted in plant chlorosis and necrosis to Delosperma soon after herbicide application, but plants outgrew herbicide damage. Napropamide (both rates), applied to Delosperma, resulted in less dry weight when compared to some of the other herbicide treatments. Oryzalin (4.5 kg·ha–1) resulted in visual phytotoxicity and less plant dry weight to Festuca. Data analysis revealed no significant differences in Callirhoe and Gypsophila. In general, most herbicides controlled weeds effectively.

Response of Coastal Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) to Various Herbicides and Weed Control during Establishment

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 934-941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Twain J. Butler ◽  
James P. Muir ◽  
Joyce Tredaway Ducar
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Coastal Bermudagrass ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Reduced Rate ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Field experiments were conducted to determine the effects of application timings and various herbicides on newly established ‘Coastal’ bermudagrass in 2001, 2002, and 2003. The experimental design was a split plot with three replications. Main plots consisted of three herbicide application timings of 1, 14, and 28 d after planting (DAP), and the subplots were 16 herbicide treatments. The hormone herbicides (picloram at 0.19 kg ae/ha + fluroxypyr at 0.19 kg ae/ha, picloram at 0.08 kg/ha + 2,4-D amine at 0.28 kg ae/ha, picloram at 0.15 kg/ha + 2,4-D amine at 0.56 kg/ha, 2,4-D amine at 2.2 kg/ha, 2,4-D amine at 1.2 kg/ha + dicamba at 0.42 kg ae/ha, and 2,4-D ester at 2.3 kg ae/ha) applied 1 DAP controlled large crabgrass 55 to 85%, did not injure Coastal bermudagrass sprigs, and aided establishment resulting in 22 to 27% ground cover in 2001 and 25 to 42% ground cover in 2002. Imazapic at 0.02, 0.035, and 0.05 kg ai/ha applied 1 and 14 DAP injured Coastal bermudagrass 5 to 45% across years, yet these plots had 20 to 54% ground cover compared with only 3 to 7% ground cover in the nontreated area in 2001, 2002, and 2003. The reduced rate of glyphosate (0.21 kg ae/ha) injured Coastal bermudagrass less than 8% and controlled large crabgrass 86 to 90% when applied 14 DAP, resulting in 43, 25, and 18% ground cover in 2001, 2002, and 2003, respectively. Trifloxysulfuron at 0.02 kg ai/ha applied 1 and 14 DAP did not injure Coastal bermudagrass sprigs, controlled junglerice 90%, and resulted in 73 and 52% ground cover, respectively. Coastal bermudagrass establishment was greatly increased when weeds were controlled.

Soil Water Content Affects the Activity of Four Herbicides on Green Foxtail (Setaria viridis)

Weed Science ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 578-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rick A. Boydston
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
The Other ◽  
Setaria Viridis ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Green Foxtail

Low soil water content for 10 to 14 days before and 7 days after herbicide application reduced control of green foxtail with fenoxaprop, fluazifop-P, haloxyfop, and sethoxydim. Withholding irrigation for 10 to 14 days before herbicide application did not reduce control of green foxtail with normal use rates of herbicides if plots were irrigated at the time of application. Low soil water content reduced the activity of sethoxydim less than the other herbicides.

scholarly journals 009 Annual Weed Chemical Control in Asparagus

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 442C-442
Author(s):  
Arturo López-Carvajal ◽  
R. Leonel Grijalva-Contreras ◽  
Cristóbal Navarro-Ainza ◽  
Gerardo Martínez-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Control Plot ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
The Other ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Plant Toxicity ◽  
Annual Grasses ◽  
Amaranthus Spp

Approximately 50% of the asparagus plantations (3000 ha) in the Caborca, Sonora, area is furrow-irrigated. Under these conditions it is common to observe growing weeds in the furrow section, which impede water flow and compete for resources with the asparagus plant, finally reducing spear production and quality. Hence, the objective of this study was to validate herbicides to achieve an efficient annual weed control in the asparagus plantations. The validation plot was established in May 1998 on a commercial asparagus plantation that was highly infested mostly with annual grasses (Echinochloa colonum and E. crusgalli), and Amaranthus spp. and Portulaca oleracea as a secondary weeds. The herbicides and rates tested were: Prometrine (2 L·ha-1), Norflurazon (4 kg), Metribuzin (0.5 kg), Linuron (2 kg), and the control plot (no herbicide application). All the tested products showed significant weed control percentages compared with the control plot. Norflurazon, however, was clearly superior to the other herbicides, exhibiting a 100% control for a period of almost 18 weeks. Metribuzin had a 85% control for 12 weeks. Linuron and Prometrine exhibited a 68% and 47% control, respectively, for up to 12 weeks. Plant toxicity symptoms on the asparagus plant were not observed with any of the tested herbicides.

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