Neospora caninum: soroepidemiologia de vacas e cães de propriedades leiteiras de Cunha, São Paulo, Brasil

Neosporosis, a parasitic disease prevalent worldwide, is caused by the protozoan Neospora caninum, an obligatory intracellular parasite that can cause abortions and infertility in females, resulting in high economic losses. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of antibodies against N. caninum in dairy cattle, and the occurrence of antibodies in dogs from farms in the municipality of Cunha, São Paulo, Brazil. Additionally, eighteen months after the primary study, an analysis to determine the incidence, seroconversion, and occurrence of anti-N. caninum antibodies was conducted in cows. Sampling was carried out in two phases: during the first one, 400 dairy cattle and 50 dog blood samples from 40 farms were collected. During the second phase, blood samples were collected from 119 cows belonging to 16 farms visited 18 months before. Serum samples were analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence (IFI) with titers ? 100 for cattle and ? 50 for dogs considered as positives. The occurrence of antibodies against N. caninum was 15.0% (60/400) and 14.0% (7/50) for cattle and dogs, respectively. After 18 months, the observed incidence of antibodies was 7.4% (4/54), the conversion detected was 71.4% (seropositive to seronegative) and 7.4% (seronegative to seropositive animals), and the observed occurrence was 7.56% (9/119). The calculated odds ratio (OR) was significant (p < 0.05) for abortions, presence of dogs, and parturition stalls. However, protection factors were identified in 2- to 4-year-old dairy cattle and in the number of lactating cows ? 10 animals. Thus, the presence of antibodies against N. caninum in the studied suggested both vertical and horizontal transmission are occurring in cattle.

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Epidemiological aspects of the Brazilian spotted fever: serological survey of dogs and horses in an endemic area in the State of São Paulo, Brazil

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo ◽

10.1590/s0036-46651996000600007 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 38 (6) ◽

pp. 427-430 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Elba R.S. de Lemos ◽

Raimundo D. Machado ◽

José R. Coura ◽

Maria A.A.M. Guimarães ◽

Nelson Chagas

Keyword(s):

Endemic Area ◽

Spotted Fever ◽

Domestic Animals ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Spotted Fever Group ◽

São Paulo ◽

Serological Survey ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Brazilian Spotted Fever

In order to obtain information on Brazilian spotted fever, a study in domestic animals was performed in the County of Pedreira, State of São Paulo, Brazil, where 17 human cases had been notified. Serum samples obtained from animals were tested by indirect immunofluorescence for detectable antibodies to spotted fever-group rickettsiae. Seropositivity was revealed in 12 (36.4%) of 33 dogs and seven (77.8%) of nine horses from the endemic area. For comparison, blood samples from dogs and horses from non endemic area were tested and four (12.9%) of 31 dogs and three (27.3%) of 11 horses were positive. The highest titers of antibodies by IFA (IgG > 1:1024) were found only in three dogs and six horses from endemic area. The results suggest that dogs as horses may serve as environmental sentinels for estabilishing the prevalence of foci of spotted fever in Brazil.

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Evaluation of abortions spontaneously induced by Neospora caninum and risk factors in dairy cattle from Lima, Peru

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária ◽

10.1590/s1984-29612019026 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 215-220 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Marcos Enrique Serrano-Martínez ◽

Cesar Abel Burga Cisterna ◽

Roberto Carlos Evaristo Romero ◽

Marco Antonio Quispe Huacho ◽

Alessandra Matienzo Bermabé ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cattle ◽

Diagnostic Tests ◽

Indirect Elisa ◽

Neospora Caninum ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Prevalence Ratio ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Chi Squared

Abstract Our objective was to identify the direct and indirect presence of Neospora caninum in dairy cattle and their aborted fetuses from Lima, Peru. A total 219 blood samples obtained from dairy cattle with records of spontaneous abortion were collected to detect antibodies against N. caninum in serum with indirect ELISA and search for risk-factor associations. 68 fetal aborted tissue samples of these cows were analyzed by PCR, indirect ELISA and histopathology assay to detect N. caninum presence. The prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated. Univariate analysis was performed using the chi-squared test. Among the 68 aborted fetuses collected, 10 (15%) were positive in at least two diagnostic tests. Among 219 serum samples, 46.6% (95% CI: 40.0%-53.3%) were positive. Cows with 4 years or older (PR: 7.10; 95% CI: 4.89-10.67) and multiparous (PR: 1.76; 95% CI: 1.11-2.80) were found to be more likely to possess N. caninum antibodies. This study detects presence of N. caninum in dairy cattle and their aborted fetus from Lima valley, suggesting biosecurity management improve to neosporosis control.

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Anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) from Itu Municipality, São Paulo

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária ◽

10.1590/s1984-29612016002 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 116-118 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Juliana Aizawa Porto de Abreu ◽

Felipe da Silva Krawczak ◽

Fernanda Passos Nunes ◽

Marcelo Bahia Labruna ◽

Hilda Fátima de Jesus Pena

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Neospora Caninum ◽

Fluorescent Antibody ◽

Antibody Test ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

São Paulo ◽

Intermediate Hosts ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Hydrochoerus Hydrochaeris ◽

Park Area

Abstract Capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) are the largest rodents found in South America. The aim of the present study was to investigate the occurrence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in 170 free-living capybaras in a residential park area in Itu Municipality, São Paulo State, Brazil. Serum samples were tested by indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) for T. gondii (IFAT ≥ 1:16) and N. caninum (IFAT ≥ 1:50). Among the 170 samples analyzed, 10% (17/170) and 0% (0/170) were seropositive for T. gondii and N. caninum, respectively. This study confirms the widespread presence of T. gondii and reinforces the role of capybaras in the life cycle of this parasite. Capybaras may not be important as intermediate hosts of N. caninum in the studied environment.

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Seroepidemiological study of Neospora caninum in beef and dairy cattle in La Pampa, Argentina

Acta Parasitologica ◽

10.1515/ap-2015-0039 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 60 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Marcelo Fort ◽

Martyn Edelsten ◽

Stephen Maley ◽

Elisabeth Innes

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cattle ◽

Neospora Caninum ◽

Horizontal Transmission ◽

Beef Cows ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Recent Infection ◽

Caninum Infection ◽

Cattle Disease ◽

Central Regions

AbstractNeospora caninum is considered one of the major causes of abortion in cattle. The aim of this study was to examine and quantify the extent of the infection in cattle in a representative region of Argentina (La Pampa, province). An average sample size of 36 sera per herd was selected from 97 beef and 24 dairy herds. A total of 4334 serum samples were tested for specific anti- Neospora caninum IgG using an indirect-ELISA and 302 seropositive-ELISA sera were re-examined using an Avidity-ELISA procedure for N.caninum. The overall estimated seroprevalence for N.caninun was 9.6% (95%CI: 8.7%; 10.5%). Levels of seroprevalence were significantly different in beef 7.0% and dairy 20.3% cattle. Disease distribution seems to be associated with climatic conditions as well as the management system. Cows in the east and central regions were at a 4.5-fold and 2.0-fold higher risk, respectively, of being N. caninum seropositive compared with cows in west region. Levels of recent infection were evaluated through an avidity ELISA in seropositive animals, being registered a 0.56% and a 1.71% of recent infection in beef and dairy cattle respectively (p = 0.006). The results revealed that dairy cows had 3.1(95%CI: 1.4; 7.0) higher risk of contracting Neoporosis through horizontal transmission than beef cows. A relationship between Brucella abortus and N. caninum seroprevalence was also observed. The risk of being N. caninum seropositive was two times higher where Brucellosis seroprevalence was >3.5%. These results reveal the distribution of N. caninum infection in the cattle population in La Pampa, Argentina

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Genetic Detection of Neospora caninum in the Blood of Dairy Cattle from Boyacá, Colombia

Revista Científica ◽

10.14483/23448350.17538 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 252-263

Author(s):

Tania-Alejandra Correa-Castro ◽

Andrés-Mauricio Gómez-Palacio ◽

Martin-Orlando Pulido-Medellín

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cattle ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Neospora Caninum ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Significant Risk Factor ◽

Epidemiological Surveillance ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Infection Prevalence ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Genetic Detection

Neospora caninum is a parasite of the phylum Apicomplexa that causes significant economic losses for cattle husbandry worldwide. Despite its relevance, information regarding infection prevalence in endemic areas of Colombia is scarce. Previous studies have reported a high seroprevalence in dairy cattle from Boyacá, which suggests a significant risk factor for active transmission of neosporosis. However, there is no available data concerning the infection stage or the presence of said parasite in the peripheral blood of dairy cattle. In this study, genetic detection of N. caninum was carried out using a nested PCR with an Nc-5 marker on peripheral blood samples from dairy cows in the municipalities of Paipa, Toca, and Tuta. Four positive samples were sequenced through the Sanger method, which were then edited, aligned, and compared to sequences available in the GenBank database. The parasite’s DNA was detected in 23 out of 170 analyzed blood samples. A qualitative detection limit was estimated (~64 parasites per volume of blood sampled). This is the first report of DNA detection of N. caninum through PCR in blood from Colombian dairy cattle. Thereupon, further studies about N. caninum molecular detection and population genetics in cattle peripheral blood could be very useful for the early diagnosis of neosporosis and creating more effective epidemiological surveillance strategies.

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Antibodies to Neospora caninum in sheep from slaughterhouses in the state of São Paulo, Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária ◽

10.1590/s1984-29612015009 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 95-100 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Laís Moraes Paiz ◽

Rodrigo Costa da Silva ◽

Benedito Donizete Menozzi ◽

Helio Langoni

Keyword(s):

Neospora Caninum ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Rio Grande ◽

Antibody Test ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

São Paulo ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Indirect Fluorescence Antibody ◽

Intensive System

Neosporosis is an emergent disease responsible for considerable economic impact due to reproductive losses. Its zoonotic potential remains unknown. This study involved a survey of antibodies to Neospora caninum in slaughtered sheep and their association with epidemiological variables. Serum samples from 596 sheep from the states of São Paulo and Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, were collected in two slaughterhouses located in São Paulo and evaluated by indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT), using cut-off titers of 25. Among these samples, 353/596 (59.23%; 95%CI 55.23-63.10) were positive and 263/353 (74.50%; 95%CI 69.71-78.77%) were from Rio Grande do Sul. Statistical associations were determined in the univariate analysis between the serological results and sex, breed and municipality of origin. Sheep that came from extensive breeding system showed higher chance (OR=2.09) of presenting antibodies to N. caninum in relation to those from semi-intensive system. Higher chance was also observed for the different studied breeds, except Bergamácia, in relation to Hampshire Down. The results revealed the presence of infection by N. caninum in sheep from slaughterhouses.

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Anti-Neospora caninum antibodies among dairy cattle in a rural settlement, Paraná, Brazil

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n1p259 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

pp. 259

Author(s):

Shiguedy Katto ◽

Luiz Fernando Coelho da Cunha Filho ◽

Alexey Leon Gomel Bogado ◽

Thais Agostinho Martins ◽

Ana Sue Sammi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cattle ◽

Neospora Caninum ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Rural Settlement ◽

Fluorescence Assay ◽

Total Serum ◽

Southern Brazil ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Good Efficacy

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the seroprevalence of antibodies against Neospora caninum, obtained two years apart, among dairy cattle in a rural settlement in southern Brazil. Blood samples from 734 dairy cattle on 41 farms were collected at two different times: in 2012, 406 animals on 30 farms were used; and in 2014, 329 animals on 31 farms. Serum samples were obtained and were used to detect antibodies against N. caninum, by means of the indirect fluorescence assay (IFA). Animals with titers ? 100 were considered positive. The total serum prevalence of anti-N. caninum antibodies was 19.7% (145/736) among all the dairy cattle, comprising 23.1% (94/406) in 2012 and 15.5% (51/329) in 2014. Serum from 91 animals was tested in both trials: 11(12.1%) showed positivity in 2012 and 10 (11%) in 2014. The variables of age, sex and breed did not show any associations with seropositivity. Thus, we showed that the cattle in this settlement presented high levels of antibodies against N. caninum, and that IFA showed good efficacy for epidemiological studies.

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Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii Antibodies in the South American Opossum (Didelphis marsupialis) From the City of São Paulo, Brazil

Journal of Parasitology ◽

10.1645/ge-83r ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 89 (4) ◽

pp. 870-871 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

L. E O. Yai ◽

W. A. Cañon-Franco ◽

V. C. Geraldi ◽

M. E L. Summa ◽

M. C G. O. Camargo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Neospora Caninum ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

South American ◽

São Paulo ◽

The South ◽

American Opossum ◽

The City

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Freqüência de anticorpos anti-Neospora caninum em soros de caprinos do estado de São Paulo e sua relação com o manejo dos animais

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-736x2008001200006 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 28 (12) ◽

pp. 597-600 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

José R. Modolo ◽

Anee V.M. Stachissini ◽

Solange M. Gennari ◽

Jitender P. Dubey ◽

Helio Langoni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neospora Caninum ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

São Paulo ◽

De Se

Com o objetivo de se avaliar a freqüência de caprinos leiteiros soropositivos para Neospora caninum, no estado de São Paulo, e se verificarem possíveis associações com idade, sexo e problemas reprodutivos, nos capris, e, também, presença de cães, nas propriedades, foram obtidos soros de 923 caprinos de ambos os sexos e idade acima de 3 meses. Os animais eram provenientes de 17 propriedades de diferentes municípios. Para o diagnóstico, foi utilizado o teste de aglutinação para Neospora (NATe"25), e, em todos os capris, aplicou-se um inquérito a partir do qual se obtiveram informações epidemiológicas e de esfera reprodutiva. Todos os resultados estatísticos foram discutidos no nível de 5% de significância. Assim, chegou-se à conclusão de que a freqüência percentual de positividade para N. caninum foi de 19,77%, e, em apenas uma propriedade, não houve registro de animal soropositivo, o que revela difusão do agente, no Estado. Não foram verificadas diferenças significativas entre freqüências de positividade quanto ao sexo, idade ou problemas reprodutivos. Porém, ressalta-se que a presença de cães, nos capris, foi associada a uma maior freqüência de caprinos soropositivos a N. caninum. A representação geográfica da distribuição de caprinos soropositivos para o protozoário, em mapa coroplético em hachuras, pode implicar em um ganho considerável para estudos da epidemiologia geográfica, na elaboração de um planejamento de controle da enfermidade.

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Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with infection by Neospora caninum of dairy cattle in the state of Alagoas, Brazil

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-736x2012001000011 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 32 (10) ◽

pp. 1009-1013 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Maria E. Sousa ◽

J.N. Porto Wagnner ◽

Pedro P.F. Albuquerque ◽

Orestes L. Souza Neto ◽

Eduardo B. Faria ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Dairy Cattle ◽

Indirect Immunofluorescence ◽

Neospora Caninum ◽

Infection Risk ◽

Control Measures ◽

Risk Indicators ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Serological Investigation

The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in cattle from milk producing farms of the microregion of Batalha, state of Alagoas, Brazil, as well as to identify the risk factors associated with the infection. Blood samples were collected from 1,004 cattle of 17 farms for the serological investigation regarding the presence of anti-N. caninum antibodies by the Indirect Immunofluorescence Reaction Technique (IMRT). From the total amount of samples analyzed, 77/1,004 (7.67%) were positive and 927/1,004 (92.33%) were negative. The logistical regression identified that cattle from farms without consortium breeding have an infection risk 6.33 (p<0.001; C.I. 2.89-13.10) times higher than cattle from farms with that type of breeding. Cattle from farms where the aborted fetuses are not adequately buried have an infection risk 3.04 (p<0.001; C.I. 1.64-5.63) times higher than cattle from farms with adequate destination of these fetuses. Infection by N. caninum occurs in cattle of the investigated region. The factors identified in our study can be used as risk indicators, so that control measures could be implemented to avoid infection by N. caninum in the herds of this region.

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