Retrospective analysis of pediatric road traffic accidents admitted to the emergency department of a university hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 2915
Author(s):  
Ozlem Guler
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents

scholarly journals Ocular morbidity following road traffic acccidents: a retrospective analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 968
Author(s):  
Shubhra Das ◽  
Dipak Bhuyan ◽  
Sujit Addya
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Ocular Trauma ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Traffic Rules ◽  
Final Visual Outcome

Background: Ocular trauma is a well-known cause of blindness and visual impairment and in industrialised nations it has become the reason for extended hospitalization of ophthalmologic patients. Anually, there are in excess of 2 million cases of ocular trauma, with more than 40,000 individuals sustaining significant visual impairment on a permanent basis. The aim of the present study was to study the pattern of ocular involvement in variety of road traffic accidents, attending the emergency department of Gauhati Medical College and Hospitals; analyse and correlate various factors playing roles in etiology and evaluate the final visual outcome. Methods: The study was conducted at a tertiary care centre in which retrospective analysis of 500 cases, who sustained injury involving any part of eye due to road traffic accidents attending emergency department from 1st January 2014 to 31st December 2016, was performed. Results: The predominant age group was between 21-30 years of age with males (75.2%) dominating over female (24.8%). Lid injury in the form of abrasions, lacerations, oedema to full thickness tear, is the commonest presentation in majority of the studies. RTA is more common in rainy and winter months and during the daytime. Two (2) wheelers is the common type of vehicle involved. Final visual outcome in the present study is good and comparable to other studies. Conclusions: Driving under the influence of alcohol is an important etiology in Northeast India. A significant section of the patients were driving two-wheelers and not following the safety precautions as advised, which calls for rigorous implementation of traffic rules. Last but not the least, it is often said that the prevention is the best way to minimise such unwanted events. Public sensitisation, strict adherence to traffic rules and improved roads are some of the few steps that can go a long way to reduce such events. 

scholarly journals Head Injuries at the Emergency Department of a University Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
Thérèse Henriksson ◽  
Jacob Kjellberg ◽  
Yogendra Shakya ◽  
Göran Kurlberg
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Emergency Visits ◽  
Traumatic Head

Introduction Traumatic head injuries constitute a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The developing world is particularly affected due to a high prevalence of risk factors and difficulties in enforcing preventive efforts. This study was carried out at the Emergency Department (ED), Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH), Kathmandu, Nepal – where head injuries account for five per cent of all emergency visits. The aim was to describe demographics, cause of trauma, type of injury, and severity according to the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), as well as the outcome of emergency attendance in patients seeking medical care for traumatic head injuries. Auxiliary aims were to study correlations between age, cause of trauma and injury severity. MethodsData from 577 cases of head injuries from June to October 2019 were collected retrospectively. ResultsTraumatic head injuries accounted for 5.2 % of all emergency visits. The median age was 23 years. Patients were predominantly male. Superficial injuries and concussions were the most common. Most injuries were mild (94.4 %, GCS 13–15) and caused by falls (51.3 %) or road traffic accidents (19.1 %). Fall accidents and mild injuries had the lowest median age. Patients from outside Kathmandu Valley constituted 44.9 % of the cases. Only 12.1 % of the patients were admitted to the hospital. ConclusionCommonest head injuries are mild and superficial; and are caused by falls and road traffic accidents. Most head injury patients are children.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF INJURIES IN ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS ADMITTED TO EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT OF GMCH, BETTIAH, WEST CHAMPARAN, BIHAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic Crashes ◽  
Pattern Of Injury ◽  
Traffic Rules

Majority of the world's fatalities on the roads occur in low-income and middle-income countries, even though these countries have approximately half of the world's vehicles. India is no exception and data showed that more than 1.3 lakh people died on Indian roads, giving India the dubious honour of topping the global list of fatalities from road crashes. Road traffic injuries have been neglected from the global health agenda for many years, despite being predictable and largely preventable. Evidence from many countries shows that dramatic successes in preventing road traffic crashes can be achieved through concerted efforts that involve, but are not limited to, the health sector. Hence based on above findings the present study was planned for Assessment of Injuries in Road Traffic Accidents Admitted to Emergency Department of GMCH, Bettiah, West Champaran, Bihar. The present study was planned in Department of Forensic Medicine, Government Medical College, Bettiah, West Champaran, Bihar, India from jan 2018 to Dec 2018.In the present study 20 cases suffered from the road traffic accidents were evaluated for the pattern of injury. A predesigned and pretested questionnaire especially designed for this purpose was used for interviewing the accident victims, either in the emergency itself or in the wards. In India, there are ample risk factors for RTAs to occur because of lack of proper infrastructural facilities, poor designs of roads, improper implementation of traffic rules and a high load of variety of vehicles on the roads.  Road traffic accidents with head injuries are much more common in young working males as compared to females and that to in those who were pedestrians and motor cyclists. The rate of incidence is higher in India because of bad traffic patterns and possibly the lack of awareness about traffic rules and also lack of good hospital services to our victims of RTAs. Keywords: Injuries, Road Traffic Accidents, Emergency Department, GMCH, Bettiah, West Champaran, Bihar, etc.  

Alcohol in Medicolegal Cases Seen at Jordan University Hospital

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
K A Hadidi ◽  
A H Battah ◽  
S Hinnawi
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
The Other ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Blood Alcohol ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents

The magnitude of alcohol-associated incidents in relation to medicolegal cases, including road traffic accidents and acts of violence, has not been evaluated in Jordan. Between 1993 and 1995, 825 such cases received at Jordan University Hospital were screened for the presence of alcohol. Blood alcohol was positive in 9.1% of vehicle passengers, 9.6% of pedestrians, 12.4% of cases involving violence, 13.6% of drivers, 65% of cases brought by police and in 12.5% of other cases. Blood alcohol concentrations (BAC) ranged from 10–350 mg/dL. BAC of more than 50 mg/dL was found in 65% and 55% of driver and violence cases respectively, and in 33% to 69% of the other categories. Alcohol may have contributed to some of these incidents. In cases with positive BAC, prior alcohol intake was frequently denied. There was no association between cases with positive BAC and a particular time, date or occasion.

Epidemiology of Traumatic Injuries in the Northeast Region of Haiti: A Cross-sectional Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 599-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam R. Aluisio ◽  
Annelies De Wulf ◽  
Ambert Louis ◽  
Christina Bloem
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Traumatic Injuries ◽  
Northeast Region

AbstractIntroductionMore than 90% of traumatic morbidity and mortality occurs in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Haiti is the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere and lacks contemporary statistics on the epidemiology of traumatic injuries. This study aimed to characterize the burden of traumatic injuries among emergency department patients in the Northeast region of Haiti.MethodsData were collected from the emergency departments of all public hospitals in the Northeast region of Haiti, which included the Fort Liberté, Ouanaminthe, and Trou du Nord sites. All patients presenting for emergent care of traumatic injuries were included. Data were obtained via review of emergency department registries and patient records from October 1, 2013 through November 30, 2013. Data on demographics, mechanisms of trauma, and anatomical regions of injury were gathered using a standardized tool and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Temporal analysis of injury frequency was explored using regression modeling.ResultsData from 383 patient encounters were accrued. Ouanaminthe Hospital treated the majority of emergent injuries (59.3%), followed by Fort Liberté (30.3%) and Trou du Nord (10.4%). The median age in years was 23 with 23.1% of patients being less than 15 years of age. Road traffic accidents (RTAs) and interpersonal violence accounted for 65.8% and 30.1% of all traumatic mechanisms, respectively. Extremity trauma was the most frequently observed anatomical region of injury (38.9%), followed by head and neck (30.3%) and facial (19.1%) injuries. Trauma due to RTA resulted in a single injury (83.8%) to either an extremity or the head and neck regions most frequently. A minority of patients had medical record documentation (37.9%). Blood pressure, respiratory rate, and mental status were documented in 19.3%, 4.1%, and 0.0% of records, respectively. There were 6.3 injuries/day during the data collection period with no correlation between the frequency of emergent trauma cases and day of the week (R^2=0.01).ConclusionsTraumatic injuries are a common emergent presentation in the Northeast region of Haiti with characteristics similar to other LMIC. Documentation and associated data to adequately characterize the burden of disease in this region are lacking. Road traffic accidents are the predominate mechanism of injury, suggesting that interventions addressing prevention and treatment of this common occurrence may provide public health benefits in this setting.AluisioAR,De WulfA,LouisA,BloemC.Epidemiology of traumatic injuries in the Northeast region of Haiti: a cross-sectional study.Prehosp Disaster Med.2015;30(6):599–605.

scholarly journals Road Traffic Accidents Presenting to the Emergency Department of a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (243) ◽  
pp. 1081-1085
Author(s):  
Rohan Jha ◽  
Priya Pathak ◽  
Pallavi Koirala ◽  
Bishwash Maharjan ◽  
Srijana Panthi
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hospital Records

Introduction: Road Traffic Accidents have emerged as the leading cause of mortality and morbidity globally. The burden of road traffic accidents has escalated gradually in Nepal and is a common cause of injury and trauma. The study aims to identify the prevalence of road traffic accidents in the emergency department. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among hospital records of cases admitted to the emergency department of tertiary care hospital between March to August, 2020. Ethical approval was taken from the ethical review board of College of Medical Sciences (reference number: 2020-035). Information was collected through pro-forma and hospital records. Convenience sampling was done. The data were entered in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 24 and analysed using descriptive statistics. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: Among 4050 cases presenting to the emergency department, 228 (5.6%) (4.9-6.3 at 95% Confidence Interval) cases of road traffic accidents were seen. The most common injuries involved were soft tissue injury 90 (39.47%) and head injury 77 (33.77%). Most patients admitted to the hospital were male 178 (78.07%) aged 21 to 30 years 79 (41.38%). The vehicles mostly involved in the accidents were motorized two-wheelers 120 (50.6%) and pedestrians 51 (22.4%). Conclusions: The prevalence of road traffic accidents was similar to the findings from similar studies. Strengthening the capacities of the pre-hospital care and emergency department is necessary along with preventive intervention in public to reduce such health burden.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study on Epidemiology, Spectrum and Outcome Analysis of Physical Trauma cases Presenting to Emergency Department of Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital and its Outreach Centers in Rural Area

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Shrestha ◽  
SK Shrestha ◽  
SR Kayastha ◽  
N Parajuli ◽  
D Dhoju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Outcome Evaluation ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Physical Trauma ◽  
Fall From Height ◽  
Set Up ◽  
One Year

Background Physical trauma is one of the major cause of mortality and morbidity among young and active age group and its increasing trend is of main concern. There are only few studies concerning the spectrum of physical trauma in Nepal. Objective This study aims to evaluate the epidemiological spectrum, the extent, severity of the physical trauma and the outcome evaluation of patients with physical trauma over a period of one year in the emergency department of the Kathmandu University Hospital and compare the same parameters with those patients presenting to the various outreach centers of the hospital in the community. Methods Patient treatment files from the emergency department and the reports from various outreach centers were retrieved for a period of one year (May 2011 to April 2012). Epidemiological information, mode, type and anatomic location of injuries were recorded. Outcome evaluation was assessed by number of patients discharged from emergency department of the hospital or the outreach centers after the treatment, patients admitted for inpatient management and referred to other centers for further specialty management. Result In a period of one year, total 2205 (20%) of physical trauma cases presented to the emergency department and 1994 (6.12%) in the outreach centres. Most commonly involved age group in physical trauma both in Hospital set up and in Community set up were the young adults (15 to 49 years). Fall from height was the commonest mode of injury followed by road traffic accidents among the patients coming to the hospital while significant number of trauma patients coming to outreach centers were due to fall from height. In the hospital set up, 1525 (69.2%) of the cases were discharged while 537 (24.4%) needed inpatient management and 85 (3.8%) needed referral to other centers for the specialty management. In case of outreaches, half of the patients were discharged after the primary treatment and almost another half were referred to the hospital, mainly for need of further investigations. Conclusion Fall related injuries and road traffic accidents are the most common mode of trauma in the hospital set up and fall related injuries are the single most important mode of trauma seen in the outreaches. Mostly young adults in their active period of life are involved in physical trauma so appropriate preventive measures through public health approach should be included in comprehensive trauma management for reducing mortality and morbidity rates related to physical trauma. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v11i3.12513 Kathmandu Univ Med J 2013; 43(3):241-246

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