Editorial

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Eva Cendon ◽  
John Butcher

This general edition of the journal provides insights and results of research employing a wide range of approaches and perspectives on widening participation and lifelong learning. Studies from across the UK and international sector utilise different methodological approaches, and as such are particularly interesting, with diverse methods and ways of analysis, including phenomenographic, narrative, and thematic analysis. Overall, the articles range from exploratory case studies and small-scale research to wider range and broad scale studies, highlighting different facets and perspectives. Furthermore, the articles in this volume cover a broad spectrum of institutions and places involved in widening participation, with an emphasis on the (higher) education sector in the UK balanced by international perspectives. The first seven empirical articles are based on research activities in a secondary school, a youth centre, in further education colleges (usually focusing on post-compulsory secondary or pre-university education), in so-called post-92 universities (new(er) universities, formerly Polytechnics and teacher training colleges), and last but not least in a research intensive Russell Group university. They reported challenges from the specific local contexts of different regions in England, from the South (Chichester) to London to the North (Carlisle), and can usefully be framed in the context of international discussions appearing later in the journal.

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom L. Catchpole ◽  
Andrew S. Revill ◽  
James Innes ◽  
Sean Pascoe

Abstract Catchpole, T. L., Revill, A. S., Innes, J., and Pascoe, S. 2008. Evaluating the efficacy of technical measures: a case study of selection device legislation in the UK Crangon crangon (brown shrimp) fishery. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 267–275. Bycatch reduction devices are being introduced into a wide range of fisheries, with shrimp and prawn fisheries particularly targeted owing to the heavy discarding common in these fisheries. Although studies are often undertaken to estimate the impact of a technical measure on the fishery before implementation, rarely have the impacts been assessed ex post. Here, the efficacy of the UK legislation pertaining to the use of sievenets in the North Sea Crangon crangon fishery is assessed. Three impacts were evaluated: on fisher behaviour (social), on the level of bycatch (biological), and on vessel profitability (economic). An apparent high level of compliance by skippers was identified despite a low level of enforcement. The estimated reduction in fleet productivity following the introduction of the legislation was 14%, equalling the mean loss of Crangon landings when using sievenets calculated from catch comparison trawls. Sievenets did reduce the unnecessary capture of unwanted marine organisms, but were least effective at reducing 0-group plaice, which make up the largest component of the bycatch. Clearly the legislation has had an effect in the desired direction, but it does not address sufficiently the bycatch issue in the Crangon fishery.


2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
Tetiana Zorochkina

AbstractThe article deals with the financial support of higher education development in Ukraine and the UK. It presents the expenditure of the consolidated budget on education between 2007 and 2017 in Ukraine and the expenditure on education services per student in the UK. It highlights the funding of research in higher education in Ukraine. It describes the personnel potential of higher education institutions in Ukraine. It specifies the existing problems in the research sector of higher education in Ukraine. It indicates that research activities of the UK universities are at a high level since about one-third of research done by the UK universities is regarded as leading in the context of the world’s research community. The article also considers the salaries of teachers and lecturers in different regions of the UK. Based on theoretical analysis of scientific and pedagogical sources one can conclude that teacher salary in the UK is quite high and differentiated. In addition, they employ other ways to differentiate teacher salary there. Indeed, teachers receive praise for their own professional growth and practice through a dialogue with their leader. It is found that the UK universities receive financial support from the funds administered by the Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE) (except for colleges of further education). The expenditure on higher education per student in the UK is significantly higher than that in Ukraine. Due to the fact that salary differentiation stimulates teacher work, this important indicator must be implemented in Ukraine.


Author(s):  
Donald W. Davis ◽  
Roland J. Guidry

Immediately after the Exxon Valdez incident, the United States Oil Pollution Act of 1990 was passed. This Act clarified the lines of responsibility associated with future oil spills. In addition to this Federal legislation, Louisiana lawmakers in 1991 enacted the Oil Spill Prevention and Response Act. Financial awards associated with this Act support a wide-range of research activities. Since 1993, 24 projects have been funded. The scope and nature of this research includes: • Oil Spill Awareness through Geoscience Education (OSAGE); • Used Oil Recycling in Louisiana’s Coastal Communities; • Evaluation and Characterization of Sorbents; • Landsat TM and Synthetic Aperture Radar to Facilitate Coastline Delineation; • Environmental Effects and Effectiveness of In-Situ Burning in Wetlands; • Bioremediation Protocol for Small-Scale Oil Spills; • Oil Spill Risk on Louisiana’s Largest Waterway; • River Time-of-Travel Modeling; • Composting Technology for Practical and Safe Remediation of Oil-Spill Residuals; • Predictability of Oceanic and Atmospheric Conditions off the Mississippi Delta; and • Phytoremediation for Oil Spill Cleanup and Habitat Restoration in Louisiana’s Marshes. Each of these projects, and others, are the result of the marriage of industry and university researchers in the identification and solution of applied oil-spill-related problems. The alliance is a good one. Important environmental issues are addressed because the selection process ensures each research initiative has the potential of being implemented by the response community. The work and knowledge gained from these projects is a clear indication of how industry and the university community can function in a collaborative manner to solve important issues — a significant partnership that clearly shows how both can benefit and a model for others to follow.


Author(s):  
Carlo Romano` ◽  
Vincenzo Orlando ◽  
Giuliana Mattiazzo ◽  
Ermanno Giorcelli

Wind Turbines are one of the most promising technologies to exploit renewable energy sources, and maybe the one which is the closest to achieve grid parity. Many modeling and experimental research activities are carried out in order to continuously improve devices performance. Another promising sector is small scale turbines, below 100kW installed power, for small installation, domestic use, and to be installed on ships. Moving within this scenario, a 1,5 kW turbine was tested inside a wind tunnel, and the following were measured: forces applied to the tower, angular speed, electric power output, mechanical power involved, and stress induced on the blades. Moreover, the cut in rotor speed and the turbine’s efficiency came as outputs of the activity. After some simple forecast calculations, to establish expected maximum values of physical quantities, the experiment was designed. The method used for acquiring all the values at one time involves a wi-fi device, attached to the rotor, in order to acquire signals coming from strain-gauges placed on the blades, avoiding long and cumbersome transmission lines towards the DAQ, coupled to anemometers, load cells, and a wattmeter. Coordination of operators during the tests had a crucial role in carrying out the procedure correctly. Since the main objects of study were blades, rotor and electric generator, the tower has been replaced with a robust support structure, designed to host and protect load cells and signal conditioners from accidental damage, thus permitting a correct measurement of axial force applied to the rotor and reacting momentum of the generator. The wi-fi device was linked to the rotor, in order to affect its mass and inertia characteristics as less as possible. This required the design of a proper linking structure, which was light and well balanced despite being mechanically resistant. Measured quantities are useful to evaluate the turbine’s performance (efficiency, power curve, cut in speed), and also to validate some fem and multi physics predictive models, that are currently under development, as possible tools for general wind turbines design. The outputs of these tests satisfy the need for a wide range of experimental data. This way of designing tests, the physical quantities involved and the schedule of experiments can be suggested as a valuable operative procedure.


2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sue Spence ◽  
Denis Hyams-Ssekasi

Purpose – Working collaboratively with local business is vitally important in the delivery of higher education (HE) in further education (FE). The purpose of this paper is to explore an effective way of engaging local employers to enhance the employability skills of students through a closely monitored and supported mentoring relationship. The project was developed in order to address the employability needs of final year business students at a HE facility offered by a college situated in the North West of England. Design/methodology/approach – Qualitative data were collected through the use of reflective journals and a series of focus groups with mentors and mentees. Findings – Overall both mentors and mentees reported positive responses to the mentoring scheme. From the mentees point of view self-confidence, employability skills and networks were enhanced. Mentors reported satisfaction in contributing to the local community. Challenges were found in matching mentors with appropriate mentees. A perceived poor match negatively affected the relationship. Mentors reported that mentees lacked career direction and seemed to have limited understanding of what was expected in the mentoring process. Research limitations/implications – The scope of this study is one mentoring scheme in one institution and therefore has limited generalisability. However, there are implications for the development of further mentoring schemes in other institutions in the UK and beyond. Originality/value – This mentoring scheme was carried out in FE that offers HE courses in a northern town with above average levels of unemployment and with a diverse ethnic population. The scheme involves senior managers volunteering to support business undergraduates.


India collided with a northern Kohistan-Asian Plate at about 50 Ma ago, the time of ocean closure being fairly accurately defined from syntectonic sediments as well as the effect on magnetic stripes on the Indian Ocean floor. Since collision, Asia has over-ridden India, developing a wide range of thrust scrapings at the top of the Indian Plate. Sections through the imbricated sedimentary cover suggest a minimum displacement of over 500 km during Eocene to recent plate convergence. This requires the Kohistan region to the north to be underlain by underthrusted middle to lower Indian crust, deformed by ductile shears and recumbent folds. These structures are well seen in the gneisses immediately south of the suture, where they are uplifted in the Indus and Nanga Parbat syntaxes. Here there are several phases of thrust-related small-scale folding and the development of a large folded thrust stack involving basement rocks, the imbrication of metamorphic zones and the local development of large backfolds. Some of the important local structures: the large late backfolds, the Salt Ranges and the Peshawar Basin, can all be related to the necessary changes in thrust wedge shape as it climbs through the crust and the three dimensional nature of the thrust movements associated with interference between the Kohistan and western Himalayan trends.


Author(s):  
David Sands

The Force Concept Inventory, a 30-question multiple choice test, has been used to test the baseline knowledge in mechanics prior to a course of instruction at Hull over the three years corresponding to entry in 2008, 2009 and 2010. Students whose pre-university education occurred outside the UK or who were repeating the year have been excluded from the analysis in order to focus attention on first-time UK students. These constitute the great majority of the entrants and the results essentially characterise the entry-level knowledge of a typical cohort. Two interesting findings have emerged. First, there is a wide range of abilities within each cohort, as judged by the test scores, and secondly, analysis of the scores question by question reveals a remarkable consistency between the different cohorts. This consistency extends even to the distribution of choices within individual questions. Five such questions are analysed in detailed to reveal which aspects of mechanics a typical class finds difficult. Ausubel‟s principle of first finding out what students know in order to teach accordingly can therefore be applied not to the individual students but to the class as a whole and suggestions as to how instruction might be tailored to address the weaknesses revealed by the Force Concept Inventory are discussed.


2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
Olga Komochkova

Abstract The article deals with peculiarities of undergraduate and postgraduate linguistic courses at Lancaster University. It has been stated that the latter is considered to be one of the best higher education institutions both in the UK and worldwide. Being a relatively new higher education institution (founded in 1964), it can already boast its academic reputation. According to data of British surveys it has been found out that Lancaster University is extremely popular among students. Speaking about linguistic achievements it should be mentioned that Lancaster University’s linguistic centre, spanning four generations of researchers, has been recently awarded The Queen’s Anniversary Prize for Higher and Further Education. It has been revealed that degree programmes at Lancaster University are flexible and provide students with the opportunity to master a wide range of subject areas to complement their main specialism as well as numerous optional modules selected to satisfy various education needs and inclinations of students. Teaching approach at the University is research-driven and research stimulated, that is why much curriculum time is dedicated to carrying out research projects. Students are significantly motivated towards self-study as most of study time (81–89 %) is dedicated to independent learning. Lectures, seminars and similar are given only 11–19 %. Positive aspects of British experience in professional training of future linguists have been outlined.


10.16993/bbf ◽  
2020 ◽  

The aim of this collection is to contribute to the forging of a more robust, politically useful, and theoretically elaborate understanding of working-class literature(s). These essays map a substantial terrain: the history of working-class literature(s) in Argentina, Denmark, Germany, Japan, Singapore, South Africa and Ireland. Together with the essays in a previous volume – which cover Russia/The Soviet Union, The USA, Finland, Sweden, The UK, and Mexico – they give a complex picture of working-class literature(s) from an international perspective, without losing sight of national specificities. By capturing a wide range of definitions and literatures, the two volumes give a broad and rich picture of the many-facetted phenomenon of working-class literature(s), disrupt narrow understandings of the concept and phenomenon, as well as identify and discuss some of the most important theoretical and historical questions brought to the fore by the study of this literature.If read as stand-alone chapters, each contribution gives an overview of the history and research of a particular nation’s working-class literature. If read as a whole (which we hope you do), they contribute toward a more complex understanding of the global phenomenon of working-class literature(s).


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 300-307
Author(s):  
Tatyana V. Shilkova ◽  
Natalya V. Efimova ◽  
Tatyana L. Sokolova

Museums of anatomy occupy an important place among museums, being a source of empirical knowledge in the field of biological science. However, most museums of anatomy are organized on the basis of medical and pharmaceutical universities as an additional educational space for students to get the most complete picture of the human body structure and the changes that occur in tissues and organs when exposed to various negative environmental factors. Museums of anatomy created on the basis of pedagogical universities are capable of performing educational and research functions for a wide range of students. The paper describes the experience of using the funds of the Museum Human Anatomy in the educational process of students and schoolchildren at General Biology and Physiology Department of South Ural State Humanitarian Pedagogical University. The authors consider some activity areas of the museum related to the implementation of educational and research activities. The paper presents methodical recommendations aimed at improving schoolchildrens training for the practical part of the regional stage of the All-Russian Olympiad in Biology (grades 910), including an algorithm for performing practical tasks to determine and describe the humanorgans (bones of the skeleton), examples of Olympiad tasks with a matrix of answers.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document