Agricultural land rehabilitation following 2010 Darfield (Canterbury) earthquake

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 432-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Almond ◽  
T.M. Wilson ◽  
F. Shanhun ◽  
Z. Whitman ◽  
A. Eger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Fault Rupture ◽  
Rural Land ◽  
Land Owners ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
Recovery Group ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Micro Topography

This paper describes the nature of earthquake damage and rehabilitation of rural land affected by fault rupture and liquefaction following the 4 September 2010 Darfield (Canterbury) Earthquake. Remediation of land damaged by fault rupture and liquefaction was a significant concern for affected farmers and land-owners. A multidisciplinary team of researchers linked to the Rural Recovery Group (responsible for recovery of rural areas following the Canterbury earthquake) used a variety of techniques to assess land damage and evaluate the effectiveness of various rehabilitation techniques. It was found that land damage caused by strike slip fault rupture could generally be repaired by heavy roller. In areas of severe surface deformation and fracturing, deep cultivation followed by rolling was necessary to close surface fractures and flatten fault micro-topography to restore the land to a useable condition for agricultural use. Liquefaction damage to land consisted of blistered topography (by liquefied sediment injecting between topsoil and sub-soil) and liquefied sediment ejection at the surface. Both surfaces were often unsuitable for continuing agricultural operations. Several passes by a rotary-hoe and power-harrow effectively smoothed blisters and returned paddocks to a suitable state. Land severely affected by sediment ejection required scraping or grading of the sediment to < 50 mm and cultivation of the material into the topsoil. Both treatments resulted in destruction of current pasture or crop. Land less severely affected could be treated by spreading only, which conserved the existing pasture. Future work will track the on-going recovery of remediated and un-remediated land.

scholarly journals Mitigation of land scarcity situation through tenure practices: a study on two selected villages in Jashore district of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-169
Author(s):  
AK Ghosh ◽  
MHK Sujan
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Rural Land ◽  
Land Distribution ◽  
Rural Farmers ◽  
Land Scarcity ◽  
Land Tenancy ◽  
Land Transaction ◽  
Cultivable Land

Bangladesh is one of the most densely populated countries with immense pressure on agricultural land in rural areas. Mainstream of the rural households depend on either agriculture or its associated activities for their livelihood. However, rural land distribution is highly skewed, majority of them are landless. Under such a land scarce situation, farmers in rural areas have been gradually inclining towards land tenancy. Present study steered to explore the nature and volume of temporary land transaction through tenancy agreement in studied areas and to scrutinize its role in aligning land distribution. In 2017, a total of 166 farmers were randomly selected from two different villages in Jashore district for study. Result of the study administrated that land tenancy practice has been significantly mitigating land disparity among rural farmers. Study also explored that comparatively rich farmers are leaning towards tenant out land and most of these lands tenanted in by the landless and marginal farmers. Consequently, on an average landless farm could significantly increases their cultivable land from 0.01 acre to 0.98 acre compared to the marginal farm 0.31 to 0.73 acres. At the same time, cultivable land of medium farm has decreased as of 3.74 acres to 2.83 acres in studied villages. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 10(2): 164-169, December 2020

scholarly journals Towards Balanced Reciprocity: The Relationship between Landowners and Landless Peasants in the Rural Community

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2345-2353
Author(s):  
Imam Santosa, Muslihudin, Wiwiek R. Adawiyah
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Land Owners ◽  
Phenomenological Research Design ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
The Relationship

Reciprocity relationships are a necessity in human life. This study aims to describe the various factors that determine the formation of balanced reciprocity in the relationship between land owners and farm laborers. The research's location was determined intentionally in the rural areas of Purbalingga Regency and Banyumas Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia. This study used a qualitative method with a semi-grounded phenomenological research design. The results showed that a balanced reciprocity relationship was determined by a variety of principal and smoothing factors. The identification results showed that the main determinants include opportunity, benefit, mutual trust, closeness of social relations, motives for reciprocal exchange, openness in communication, willingness to give transactions to accept and return. The array of determinants of smoothing factors is routine contact and communication, empathy, tolerance, length of relationship, regularity of social interactions, network of cooperation, solidarity, transaction ability, mutual control and evaluation. The existence and strength of these two types of determining factors have an important function in the formation of balanced reciprocity among agricultural land owners and farm laborers. Willingness, self-awareness and opportunity are very important to develop to form balanced reciprocity.

scholarly journals Alternative Methods for Keeping Land in Agriculture

1973 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederic O. Sargent
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Land Market ◽  
Rural Land ◽  
Second Homes ◽  
Land Use Controls

Creeping urbanization without land use controls is threatening rural areas with the loss of prime and scenic agricultural land. The operation of a relatively free land market shifts land to the highest bidder—one who believes he can make a profit, or one who judges his psychic income from ownership and/or use sufficient to make him prefer land ownership to alternative investments or consumption. As farmers retire and sell to nonfarmers, prime agricultural land adjacent to cities is transferred to more intensive, profitable, and irreversible urban uses—residences, commerce, recreation, and industry. Farmland is shifted from active farming to retirement homes and second homes, both at retail and in large developments. This land use trend is frequently cited as undesirable by municipal planners since it leads to a loss of prime agricultural land which may be needed for future food production and reduces pastoral scenery. In a recent study in Massachusetts, J. B. Wyckoff found that the process of suburbanization was consuming rural land at a very rapid rate—from two to eight times the historic rate.

Development of a standard solution for agricultural use of productive lands in Moscow region

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
N. I. Ivanov ◽  
V. S. Gorbunov ◽  
T. V. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Industrial Impact ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
Standard Solution ◽  
Regional Programs

The relevance of the research is to justify one of the possible ways to link the results of agricultural land use with their quality and measures of agro-industrial impact. The aim of the study was to identify the correlation between the sets of variables that characterize various aspects of agricultural land use in the Moscow region. The obtained results and conclusions of the research can be used for formation an interregional platform for the exchange of experience and knowledge, preparation analytical materials for relevant government decisions aimed at acceleration of innovative development in rural areas, and draw up and update longterm national and regional programs of economic development.

scholarly journals The analysis of the spatial layout of land in relation to less favoured areas (LFA) in the Milejów comune, Łęczna district

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 00014
Author(s):  
Żanna Stręk ◽  
Justyna Wójcik-Leń
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Rural Land ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
Production Space ◽  
Political Conditions

Rural land in Poland accounts for more than 90% of the area of the country and plays a very significant role. It is inhabited by 38.1% of the population. Unfortunately, these people are largely unemployed. The present status of the agricultural production space is a result of many centuries of human activity closely connected with social and economic, legal and political conditions. The spatial arrangement of land in the rural areas of central, southern, south eastern and eastern Poland, developed by historical processes, is characterized by the frequent occurrence of individual plot patchworks. An incorrect configuration of land owned by farmers considerably affects the profitability and effectiveness of agricultural production. The accession of Poland to the European Union offered many options for development to our country and in particular to the Polish countryside. Reconstruction of the defective spatial structure in Poland is one of the priorities of the EU’s agricultural policy. Numerous development programmes (SOP, RDP) are used for financing land consolidation and exchange works which are one of the basic tools for transforming ownership and structural relations in rural areas. With regard to the fact that agricultural land in Poland is greatly differentiated, particular attention should be paid to less favoured areas (LFA). It seems obvious that farmers in LFA are not able to generate the same earnings from crops as those generated by farmers in favoured areas. For the purposes of this publication, detailed surveys were carried out in the Milejów commune, Łęczna district, Lublin voivodship. Five villages in that commune were classified as less favoured areas. The analyses showed that Milejów is one of two communes in the Łęczna district with the smallest average area of plot owned by individual farmers. Based on the analysis of the structure of ownership and use, fragmentation and distribution of plots, as well as identification of less favoured areas, an alternative land development model was proposed, along with the reconstruction of the existing arrangement of land through comprehensive consolidation and exchange of land.

scholarly journals The Contemporary Agrarian Change in Rice Production Village in Klaten Regency, Central Java

2019 ◽  
pp. 16-22
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Agrarian Change ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Land Owners ◽  
Bargaining Position ◽  
Ownership Fragmentation

Rural Java areas underwent significant changes during the last 20 years due to increasing education and health level and improving transportation and communication infrastructure, but researches on agricultural transformation, especially rice farming in Java, was limited. This study aimed at understanding the structure of land ownership and tenure, and the changing of land tenure institutional system in wetland farming, in its relation to the contemporary demographic change in the Javanese rural areas. The research was conducted in Kauman Village, Klaten Regency, Central Java. There were 307 farmer households in the village. The samples of 52 farmer households were taken randomly. Data collection used questionnaires and in-depth interviews with 52 respondents and 6 key informants. The analysis was carried out by comparing the data before the green revolution and 2016 data. The results of the study were as follows. Firstly, the number of landless farmers was very large (60 percent). Despite the green revolution, the proportion of this group had been already high before the green revolution program was intensified. Secondly, the level of land ownership disparity was moderate and tended toward equity due to the continuity of land ownership fragmentation through land inheritance processes, and no land ownership concentration occurred on the basis of agricultural land purchase. Thirdly, the level of inequality of land tenure was moderate and even close to low, and tended toward equity as the number of land tenants was much greater than the land owners. Fourthly, the bargaining position of the land tenants tended to be stronger than the land owners due to the declining attraction of agricultural work as a source of employment.

scholarly journals Rural Renovation in les Landes, South West France : A French Regional Development Experiment

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (27) ◽  
pp. 365-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Ironstone
Keyword(s):  
Land Management ◽  
Regional Planning ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Rural Land ◽  
South West ◽  
Constant Rate ◽  
Term Basis

Regional planning is an important item of government policy in France, and the rural land management of the Landes in the Aquitaine region offers a good example. The factors which instigated this planning operation were the constant rate of decrease in the areas under forest and of agricultural land, the decline in economic activity in an area where the natural environment is not very favourable and the exodus of the population. Numerous measures have been taken to improve the level of the economy in this region. In 1965, la Compagnie d'aménagement des Landes de Gascogne was established; its main objective is to protect the forest from destruction by creating enclaves of subsistence agriculture, which serve as fire breaks and at the same time reactivate the economy. La Compagnie d'aménagement des Landes de Gascogne aims there fore at stabilizing the region once again by setting up new activities. The arable land has been re-divided and transport, drainage and irrigation equipment, capable of attracting labour, is being installed. The planning organization has partially attained the goals that were set. The area of forest devastated by fire has been reduced more and more, and agricultural returns are higher. On a long term basis, the application of this plan of land management in the rural areas of Aquitaine is proving a success.

scholarly journals Can Land Transfer Alleviate the Poverty of the Elderly? Evidence from Rural China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11288
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
Xin Luo ◽  
Chongmei Zhang ◽  
Jiahao Song ◽  
Dingde Xu
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Rural Elderly ◽  
Rural Land ◽  
Relative Poverty ◽  
Land Transfer ◽  
Elderly Poverty ◽  
Effective Transfer ◽  
The Impact

This study explores the impact of farmland transfer on the multidimensional relative poverty of the elderly in rural areas to provide a reference for the study of rural land transfer in China and improve the welfare system for the elderly. Based on the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) rural sample data in 2018, this paper uses the AF multidimensional index measurement method to assess multidimensional relative poverty in rural areas. Logit regression estimation examines the single index poverty of rural older adults transferred from rural land and the impact of multidimensional relative poverty, using the propensity score matching method (PSM) to analyze the results’ robustness. The transfer of agricultural land has different impacts on the poverty of different rural elderly poverty indicators and negatively affects the comprehensive effect of rural elderly poverty. The transfer of agricultural land significantly alleviates rural elderly poverty. Reasonable and effective transfer of agricultural land, together with improved rural social security and a caring service system for the elderly, will promote the continuous operation of large-scale agricultural operations and alleviate rural elderly poverty.

scholarly journals A Proposed Land Exchange Algorithm for Eliminating the External Plot Patchwork

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Żanna Stręk ◽  
Przemysław Leń ◽  
Justyna Wójcik-Leń ◽  
Paweł Postek ◽  
Monika Mika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Test Sample ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Exchange Algorithm ◽  
The World ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Structure Improvement ◽  
Land Exchange

In many countries of the world, rural areas are characterized by a defective spatial structure of agricultural land. The most frequent defects are large fragmentation and distribution of farmland. The fragmentation of land has been an issue widely described by many authors throughout the world. The problem of the distribution of land owned by individual farmers is slightly different, since due to the complexity of the problem this issue was not widely explored in Poland (plot patchwork) or in other countries of Europe and the world. Land fragmentation and distribution of plots in rural areas has a negative effect on the profitability and efficiency of agricultural production. Land consolidation and exchange is an operation facilitating spatial structure improvement. The authors attempted to develop a universal land exchange algorithm for eliminating the external plot patchwork. As it turns out, so far no land exchange algorithm has been developed. Specific analyses were carried out in Puchaczów commune, county of Łęczna, Lublin voivodeship in the eastern part of Poland, covering an area of 6907.80 ha, split into 15,211 plots. The chequerboard arrays method was used. The publication presents the algorithm and its practical application using a test sample. A result of the studies is a proposal concerning the exchange of land between landowners in the villages of the commune of Puchaczów. Using the algorithm, the area of individual lands in the commune, after the exchange, will increase by 172.09 ha, which is 2.5% for the area of individual lands, and 1.9% for the commune.

Intergroup Inequality in Wealth Ownership in Rural India: Caste, Tribe and Religion

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-132
Author(s):  
Nitin Tagade ◽  
Sukhadeo Thorat
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Wealth Inequality ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Rural India ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
Majority Population ◽  
Intergroup Inequality ◽  
The Impact

In India, the rural economy still remains crucially important in the economic wellbeing of the majority population. The low income and high poverty in rural areas are closely associated with unequal distribution of income-earning assets, particularly agricultural land and non-land capital assets. In this article, therefore, we try to understand the intergroup inequality in wealth ownership across caste, ethnic and religious groups in rural India based on the 2013 data from the All India Debt and Investment survey carried out by National Sample Survey Office. The results indicate high interpersonal wealth inequality so also the intergroup wealth inequality at the aggregate level and by type of assets in rural India. The impact of caste on the ownership of wealth clearly indicates high ownership among Hindu high caste and Hindu other backward caste at the cost of low wealth share or ownership of the SC/ST indicating the existence of graded inequality.

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