THE MAIN DIRECTIONS AND METHODS OF RESEARCH OF TOPONYMY OF SARYARKA

2021 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
Ye.Ye. Yeginbayeva ◽  
◽  
K.T. Saparov ◽  
Z.K. Myrzalieva ◽  
M.A. Aralbekova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Main Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic

Modern toponymy develops at the intersection of geographical, linguistic and historical sciences, so the research methods are also based on the methodological foundations of these three sciences. The main research methods include descriptive, historical, lexicon-geographical, comparativegeographical, cartographic (GIS), and statistical methods. The predominance of a particular method depends on the characteristics of toponyms, the conditions of their historical and geographical development, and the geographical features of the territory under study. The article deals with the history of the study of the toponymy of Saryarka, which covers a large territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan. In addition, along with the research methods, the place and possibilities of using geoinformation (GIS), cartographic methods in toponymic research are considered.

scholarly journals Антропонимы в письмах хана Аюки и их русских переводах: предварительный анализ

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-508
Author(s):  
Galina M. Yarmarkina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
National Archive ◽  
Historical Aspect ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Continuous Sampling ◽  
Personal Names ◽  
Ethnic Language ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic

Introduction. Anthroponyms contain valuable insights into the history of ethnic language and culture. The historical aspect of anthroponymy needs further research to reconstruct a wider panorama of the ethnos-specific anthroponymic system. Goals. The article seeks to consider the anthroponymic elements of Khan Ayuka’s letters in comparison with parallel Russian translated equivalents of theirs. Comparison of the Kalmyk and Russian texts makes it possible to trace traditions of naming people in different ethnocultural societies, thus revealing materials for a Kalmyk 18th-century name list. Methods and Materials. The paper analyzes 1714 letters of the Kalmyk Khan Ayuka and their Russian translations (referred to 1714 as well) housed by the National Archive of the Republic of Kalmykia. The personal names considered identified through the use of the continuous sampling method. The main research methods employed are the descriptive and comparative ones, and that of contextual analysis. The analyzed texts contain not only Kalmyk anthroponyms but also ones borrowed from other languages, which resulted from socio-political contacts with different peoples and states. Along with Russian, there are Kazakh, Tatar, Khiva, Turkmen, and other anthroponyms. Still, the article focuses on Kalmyk anthroponymic elements. Conclusions. Anthroponymy of each ethnos in each era has its own characteristics. In this regard, the material contained in the official correspondence of Khan Ayuka restores part of the Kalmyk anthroponymic register typical for the 1700–1720s. Restoration of the name list in diachrony requires both original texts and their Russian translations be used, since anthroponyms mentioned in the original documents and translated texts complement each other, which may indicate regularity, reproducibility of such personal names.

The Unique Phenomena in the Meeting between Western Medicine and Traditional Chinese and Vietnamese Medicine during the 17th and 18th Centuries

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
Anh Thuan Truong
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Western Medicine ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Cultural Exchange ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Logical Method ◽  
History Of ◽  
East West

Based on academic achievements of, primarily, Chinese and Vietnamese researchers including materials recorded in the form of writings, reports, diaries, and letters sent to Europe by Western missionaries operating in China and Vietnam in the 17th and 18th centuries, and at the same time combining the application of two main research methods of Science and History (historical method and logical method) with other research methods (systematization, analysis, synthesis, statistics, etc.) and especially the comparative method, this article aims to clarify two points of focus. The first is the open attitude of Chinese and Vietnamese rulers in accepting Western medical achievements and the positive, respectful, and admiring views of some missionaries towards different aspects of traditional Chinese and Vietnamese medicine. The second is the contradiction in some Western missionaries' perception and actions when they criticized the superstition in the way of disease diagnosis and treatment of the Vietnamese and Chinese, especially the Taoist priests, however they committed to such approaches in the process of examining and treating indigenous people. The study of some of the phenomena that arose during the connections made between Western medicine and traditional Chinese and Vietnamese medicine in the 17th and 18th centuries as mentioned above would make a certain contribution to the study of the history of the East-West cultural exchange in China and Vietnam in general, as well as the medical history in the two countries, in particular during this period.

scholarly journals Conflicts among religious orders of Christianity: А study of Vietnam during the 17th and 18th centuries

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-378
Author(s):  
Anh Thuan Truong ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Religious Orders ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Foreign Missions ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Systemic Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Franciscan Order

During the 17th and 18th centuries, the presence as well as activities of religious orders of Christianity in Vietnam, predominantly the Society of Jesus, Mendicant Orders (Franciscan Order, Dominican Order, etc.), and the Society of Foreign Missions of Paris, to establish or maintain and strengthen the interests of some Western countries’ (Portugal, Spain, France) missionary work in this country led to conflicts and disputes over the missionary area as well as the right to manage missionary activities among religious orders of Christianity. From 1665 to 1773, the Vietnamese Catholic Church witnessed protracted disputes and conflicts between Jesuits sponsored by the Portuguese and the Society of Foreign Missions of Paris backed by France. While contradictions between them remained unresolved, from the first half of the 18th century onwards, conflicts and disputes between the Spanish Franciscan Order and the missionaries of the Society of Foreign Missions of Paris continued to arise. This influenced the development of Christianity in Vietnam during this period. Based on original historical sources and academic achievements of Vietnamese scholars as well as international, this article applies two main research methods of the history of science (historical and logical methods) with other research methods (systemic, analysis, synthesis, comparison, etc.) to closely examine the “panorama” of the conflicts between the religious orders of Christianity that took place in Vietnam during the 17th and 18th centuries. The article analyzes the underlying and direct cause of this phenomenon, making certain contributions to the study of the relationship among religious orders in the process of introduction and development of Christianity in Vietnam, as well as the history of East-West cultural exchange in the country during this period.

scholarly journals Foundations of alternative science in the history of philosophy

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-207
Author(s):  
Ibragim M. Melikov ◽  
Olga B. Skorodumova ◽  
Svetlana E. Kryuchkova ◽  
Salavat F. Yakupov
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Alternative Model ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
World Science ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation

The aim of the study is to develop an idea of alternative science based on ideas in the history of philosophy. The novelty of the work lies in the creation of an idea of an alternative model of science, which allows solving the existing problems of modern science. The main research methods are hermeneutic and axiological, as well as a systems approach. The conclusion reached by the authors is that alternative science should not describe existing empirical realities but develop a scientific ideal. In turn, this scientific ideal must have a spiritual content, i.e. to be spiritualized. It must be recognized as the highest truth, and all other ideas that have their manifestation in our world, science must consider through comparison with a scientific spiritualized ideal.

scholarly journals Coordination Chemistry in the Republic of Moldova

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-29
Author(s):  
Ion Bulhac ◽  
Aurelian Gulea ◽  
Dumitru Batâr
Keyword(s):  
Coordination Chemistry ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic

This article is dedicated to the history of apparition and development of Coordination chemistry in Moldova.The main scientific centres are characterized, as well as their main research directions. The most valuable results in fundamental and applicative research are described, obtained in the field of coordination chemistry in the republic.

Artistic-professional strategies in the music sector. The case of the jazz scene in Barcelona

2020 ◽  
pp. 145-163
Author(s):  
Marta Casals Balaguer
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Artistic Identity ◽  
Professional Musicians ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Works Of Art ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Creation

This article aims to analyse the strategies that jazz musicians in Barcelona adopt to develop their artistic careers. It focuses on studying three main areas that influ-ence the construction of their artistic-professional strategies: a) the administrative dimension, characterized mainly by management and promotion tasks; b) the artistic-creative dimension, which includes the construction of artistic identity and the creation of works of art; and c) the social dimension within the collective, which groups together strategies related to the dynamics of cooperation and col-laboration between the circle of musicians. The applied methodology came from a qualitative perspective, and the main research methods were semi-structured inter-views conducted with active professional musicians in Barcelona and from partic-ipant observation.

The Legal Status of Local Government in South Africa under the New Constitutional Dispensation

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mbuzeni Mathenjwa
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Case Law ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First Time

The history of local government in South Africa dates back to a time during the formation of the Union of South Africa in 1910. With regard to the status of local government, the Union of South Africa Act placed local government under the jurisdiction of the provinces. The status of local government was not changed by the formation of the Republic of South Africa in 1961 because local government was placed under the further jurisdiction of the provinces. Local government was enshrined in the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa arguably for the first time in 1993. Under the interim Constitution local government was rendered autonomous and empowered to regulate its affairs. Local government was further enshrined in the final Constitution of 1996, which commenced on 4 February 1997. The Constitution refers to local government together with the national and provincial governments as spheres of government which are distinctive, interdependent and interrelated. This article discusses the autonomy of local government under the 1996 Constitution. This it does by analysing case law on the evolution of the status of local government. The discussion on the powers and functions of local government explains the scheme by which government powers are allocated, where the 1996 Constitution distributes powers to the different spheres of government. Finally, a conclusion is drawn on the legal status of local government within the new constitutional dispensation.

RUSSIAN-BELARUSIAN TUTORIAL "HISTORY OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR. ESSAYS ON THE SHARED HISTORY"

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-88
Author(s):  
Elena A. Kosovan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Joint Work ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Shared History ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Independent States ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Integration Project ◽  
Second World

The paper provides a review on the joint Russian-Belarusian tutorial “History of the Great Patriotic War. Essays on the Shared History” published for the 75th anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriotic War. The tutorial was prepared within the project “Belarus and Russia. Essays on the Shared History”, implemented since 2018 and aimed at publishing a series of tutorials, which authors are major Russian and Belarusian historians, archivists, teachers, and other specialists in human sciences. From the author’s point of view, the joint work of specialists from the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus in such a format not only contributes to the deepening of humanitarian integration within the Union state, but also to the formation of a common educational system on the scale of the Commonwealth of Independent States or the Eurasian integration project (Eurasian Economic Union – EEU). The author emphasises the high research and educational significance of the publication reviewed when noting that the teaching of history in general and the history of the Second World War and the Great Patriotic War in particular in post-Soviet schools and institutes of higher education is complicated by many different issues and challenges (including external ones, which can be regarded as information aggression by various extra-regional actors).

LITERARY ROMANTICISM AS A THEORETICAL ISSUE

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Vera V. Serdechnaia ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Theoretical Issue ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Literary Process ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

The article is devoted to the analysis of the concept of literary romanticism. The research aims at a refinement of the “romanticism” concept in relation to the history of the literary process. The main research methods include conceptual analysis, textual analysis, comparative historical research. The author analyzes the semantic genesis of the term “romanticism”, various interpretations of the concept, compares the definitions of different periods and cultures. The main results of the study are as follows. The history of the term “romanticism” shows a change in a number of definitions for the same concept in relation to the same literary phenomena. By the end of the 20th century, realizing the existence of significant contradictions in the content of the term “romanticism”, researchers often come to abandon it. At the same time, the steady use of the term “romanticism” testifies to the subject-conceptual component that exists in it, which does not lose its relevance, but just needs a theoretical refinement. Conclusion: one have to revise an approach to romanticism as a theoretical concept, based on the change in the concept of an individual in Europe at the end of the 18th century. It is the newly discovered freedom of an individual predetermines the rethinking for the image of the author as a creator and determines the artistic features of literary romanticism.

Neography and Word of the Year

2018 ◽  
Vol 79 (8) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
T. N. Butseva ◽  
Yu. S. Ridetskaya
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Linguistic Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Russian Language

The article deals with the relationship between the terms «word of the year» and «neologism of the year», and the examples are the words, annually nominating as «word of the year», and neologisms of the last few years. The main research methods are statistical, comparative, and lexicographic description. Usually nomination «Word of the year» presents words, long-existing in the Russian language, borrowings, as well as author’s occasionalisms. The cultural and social aspects prevail in this campaign, while linguistic aspects are not involved. It seems that the verbal image of the year is a more complex and mosaic phenomenon. It can be reconstructed with the help of representative linguistic data scrupulously collected by lexicographers.

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