scholarly journals Is transfusion-transmitted dengue fever a potential public health threat?

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Pozzetto
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Health Threat ◽  
Public Health Threat ◽  
Potential Public Health

Orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances and biofilm formation—a potential public health threat?

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 1711-1718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yijin Ren ◽  
Marije A. Jongsma ◽  
Li Mei ◽  
Henny C. van der Mei ◽  
Henk J. Busscher
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Health Threat ◽  
Public Health Threat ◽  
Fixed Appliances ◽  
Potential Public Health

Tetanus: A Potential Public Health Threat in Times of Disaster

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paige Finkelstein ◽  
Laura Teisch ◽  
Casey J. Allen ◽  
Gabriel Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Trauma Surgery ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Health Threat ◽  
Public Health Threat ◽  
Potential Public Health

AbstractBackground:Tetanus is a potentially fatal condition that is rare in urban environments but is seen in developing countries and post-natural-disaster. Therefore, the purpose of this report was to review the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and management of tetanus in the trauma patient.Methods:A thorough literature review was conducted to look for the most current and thorough guidelines on the prophylaxis and treatment of tetanus. PUBMED (National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland USA), MEDLINE (US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland USA), and Cochrane Library (The Cochrane Collaboration; Oxford, United Kingdom) databases were searched for articles in English, published from 2005 to 2015, using the keywords “Tetanus,” “Trauma/Surgery,” and “Disaster.” Controlled trials, randomized controlled trials, trials of adult patients, published guidelines, expert opinions, and review articles were selected and extracted.Results:Current vaccination schedules in developed countries provide prophylaxis for tetanus. However, when severe natural disasters occur, many patients may not be able to provide a reliable vaccination history. In these situations, tetanus immune globulin (TIG) is indicated; if resources are not limited, both tetanus toxoid and TIG should be given to those with high-risk wounds. If resources are limited, TIG should be reserved for those that would benefit most or those least likely to have the protective antibodies.Conclusions:Although tetanus is a disease that has a low incidence in the developed world due to high rates of immunization, during large-scale natural disasters, compounding factors like the types of injuries, lack of medical services and supplies, and the delay in treatment associated with an already low immunization rate result in an increased incidence and outbreaks of the disease that has higher mortality in an underdeveloped society. It is important for the urban physician that cares for trauma and critical patients to become familiar with the protocols for treatment and immunization of patients that have tetanus-prone wounds, as well as recognize the potential for outbreaks in the settings of major natural disasters.FinkelsteinP, TeischL, AllenCJ, RuizG. Tetanus: a potential public health threat in times of disaster. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2017;32(3):339–342.

scholarly journals Industrially contaminated areas in Serbia as a potential public health threat to the exposed population

Tehnika ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branislava Matic ◽  
Uros Rakic ◽  
Snezana Dejanovic ◽  
Verica Jovanovic ◽  
Marija Jevtic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Threat ◽  
Exposed Population ◽  
Public Health Threat ◽  
Potential Public Health

scholarly journals Serological evidence of dengue fever and associated factors in health facilities in Borena Zone, Southern Ethiopia.

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eshetu Nigussie Geleta
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Dengue Virus Infection ◽  
Health Threat ◽  
Public Health Threat

Abstract Background: Dengue fever is a re-emerging public health threat in Ethiopia. Yet, little is known about the epidemiology and risk factors. In this study the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of dengue virus infection were assessed in Borena Zone health facilities. Methods: An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from May to August, 2016. A total of 519 consecutive acute febrile patients attending the outpatient departments of Teltelle health Center, Yabello and Moyale Hospital were enrolled. Data on socio-demographic and environmental risk factors were collected using structured questionnaire. Three to five milliliter blood samples were collected from all participants and screened for dengue virus exposure using indirect immunofluorescent assay. Result: The overall prevalence of anti-DENV IgG and IgM was 22.9% and 7.9% respectively. The relatively higher IgM versus IgG, absence of trend with age and little or no correlation with the assessed possible risk factors except being male (AOR=1.72; 95%CI 1.01-2.94), place of residence (AOR=0.37;95%CL 0.21-0.64) that had higher rate of exposure and recall of a recent mosquito bite (AOR=2.98; 95%CI 1.51-5.89) probably imply recent and/or ongoing active transmission. Conclusion: This study showed dengue fever could potentially emerge as public health threat in the study area. On top, the observed low awareness of participants underline the urgent need for further systematic studies to determine the environmental, and host factors that determine the extent of exposure to dengue virus infection in the area for appropriate control and prevention planning.

scholarly journals Genomic analysis of early SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections from the state of Kerala suggest a preponderance of variants of concern

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vettakkara Kandy Muhammed Niyas ◽  
Afra Shamnath ◽  
Roshni KJ ◽  
Rahul C. Bhoyar ◽  
Vimalraj A N ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Immune Escape ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Health Threat ◽  
Public Health Threat ◽  
Alpha Beta ◽  
Potential Public Health

The SARS-CoV-2 Variant of Concern, Delta (B.1.617.2) was first reported in December 2020 in India and has spread colossally throughout the globe. Owing to factors like increased transmissibility, immune escape, and virulence, the delta variant has been considered as a potential public health threat apart from other variants of concern like alpha, beta and gamma. Kerala was one of the first states in India to enroll in the systematic genomic surveillance. In the present report, vaccine breakthrough infections were followed up in 147 patients including 55 healthcare workers who had been vaccinated with ChAdOx1 nCoV- 19/BBV152 across eleven districts from the state of Kerala. The timeline of samples analysed were from April 2021 till June 2021. Severity of the infections reported in the enrolled patients found to be mildly symptomatic, majorly with only 0.7% (n=1) of the cohort to be asymptomatic. Genomic analysis of the samples revealed the Delta variant (B.1.617.2) to constitute about 81.6% (n=120) in the studied cohort. This was followed by the Kappa variant B.1.617.1 (8.35%, n=9), AY.1 (0.6%, n= 1), AY.12 (0.6%, n= 1), AY.4 (1.2%, n= 2), AY.9 (1.2%, n= 2) and Eta variant, B.1.525 (0.6%, n= 1). 11 samples were not assigned any lineage. Evidence from this study suggests the preponderance of the Delta variant in the samples analysed.

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