scholarly journals Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit Seeds: A New Potential Source of Sulfhydryl Compounds

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-302
Author(s):  
Sri Wardatun ◽  
Yahdiana Harahap ◽  
Abdul Mun'im ◽  
Fadlina Chany Saputri ◽  
Noorwati Sutandyo
Keyword(s):  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Sulfhydryl Compounds

scholarly journals Short Communication: Optimization of extraction of sulfhydryl compounds from several legumes seeds in Indonesia with various ethanol concentrations

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Wardatun ◽  
Yahdiana Harahap ◽  
Abdul Mun'im ◽  
NOORWATI SUTANDYO
Keyword(s):  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Communication Optimization ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Sulfhydryl Compounds ◽  
Leguminous Seeds

Abstract. Wardatun S, Harahap Y, Mun’im A. 2020. Short Communication: Optimization of extraction of sulfhydryl compounds from several legumes seeds in Indonesia with various ethanol concentrations. Biodiversitas 21: 1060-1064. Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit (petai Cina), Parkia speciosa Hassk. (petai), and Archidendron jiringa (Jack) I.C. Nielsen (jengkol) seeds extracts contain sulfhydryl compounds and have various therapeutic properties. The main objective of this research was to compare the effect of various ethanol concentration on the yield of extract and levels of sulfhydryl compounds from leguminous seeds. Dried seeds were macerated at room temperature (25°C) with a ratio of solids and solvents was 1:10. The solvent concentrations used were 30%, 50%, 70% and 96% ethanol. The yield of extract was expressed as the ratio of the weight of extract to the weight of dried seeds, the level of sulfhydryl compound was expressed as reduced L-glutathione (GSH) equivalent. The level of sulfhydryl compounds was determined by Ellman reagent and further analyzed using a spectrophotometer at 411 nm wavelength. Stink bean produced the highest yield of extract, while the highest level of sulfhydryl compounds was obtained from petai cina seed extract. The concentration of ethanol gave a significant difference to the yield of extract and the level of sulfhydryl compounds. The results showed that ethanol concentration affected the efficiency of the extraction of total sulfhydryl compounds and the yield of the extract on leguminous seeds.

How SIMS microscopy can be used in medicine

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1602-1603
Author(s):  
Philippe Fragu
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Biological Applications ◽  
The Past ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Secondary Ion ◽  
Chemical Integrity ◽  
Scientific Endeavour

The identification, localization and quantification of intracellular chemical elements is an area of scientific endeavour which has not ceased to develop over the past 30 years. Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) microscopy is widely used for elemental localization problems in geochemistry, metallurgy and electronics. Although the first commercial instruments were available in 1968, biological applications have been gradual as investigators have systematically examined the potential source of artefacts inherent in the method and sought to develop strategies for the analysis of soft biological material with a lateral resolution equivalent to that of the light microscope. In 1992, the prospects offered by this technique are even more encouraging as prototypes of new ion probes appear capable of achieving the ultimate goal, namely the quantitative analysis of micron and submicron regions. The purpose of this review is to underline the requirements for biomedical applications of SIMS microscopy.Sample preparation methodology should preserve both the structural and the chemical integrity of the tissue.

The gut microbiota resistome provides development of drug resistance in causative agents of human infectious diseases

2017 ◽  
pp. 20-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Е.Н. Ильина ◽  
Е.И. Олехнович ◽  
А.В. Павленко
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Bacterial Genes

С течением времени подходы к изучению резистентности к антибиотикам трансформировались от сосредоточения на выделенных в виде чистой культуры патогенных микроорганизмах к исследованию резистентности на уровне микробных сообществ, составляющих биотопы человека и окружающей среды. По мере того, как продвигается изучение устойчивости к антибиотикам, возникает необходимость использования комплексного подхода для улучшения информирования мирового сообщества о наблюдаемых тенденциях в этой области. Все более очевидным становится то, что, хотя не все гены резистентности могут географически и филогенетически распространяться, угроза, которую они представляют, действительно серьезная и требует комплексных междисциплинарных исследований. В настоящее время резистентность к антибиотикам среди патогенов человека стала основной угрозой в современной медицине, и существует значительный интерес к определению ниши, в которых бактерии могут получить гены антибиотикорезистентности, и механизмов их передачи. В данном обзоре мы рассматриваем проблемы, возникшие на фоне широкого использования человечеством антибактериальных препаратов, в свете формирования микрофлорой кишечника резервуара генов резистентности. Over the time, studies of antibiotic resistance have transformed from focusing on pathogenic microorganisms isolated as a pure culture to analysis of resistance at the level of microbial communities that constitute human and environmental biotopes. Advancing studies of antibiotic resistance require an integrated approach to enhance availability of information about observed tendencies in this field to the global community. It becomes increasingly obvious that, even though not all resistance genes can geographically and phylogenetically spread, the threat they pose is indeed serious and requires complex interdisciplinary research. Currently, the antibiotic resistance of human pathogens has become a challenge to modern medicine, which is now focusing on determining a potential source for bacterial genes of drug resistance and mechanisms for the gene transmission. In this review, we discussed problems generated by the widespread use of antibacterial drugs in the light of forming a reservoir of resistance genes by gut microflora.

Forage palatability of Broussonetia papyrifera an invasive species in Ghana: Relative preference and palatability by sheep and goats

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Obour
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Broussonetia Papyrifera ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Relative Preference ◽  
Exotic Tree ◽  
High Level

Broussonetia papyrifera is an exotic tree widely grown for paper production. Due to its prolific regeneration it has invaded forestcanopy gaps and degraded farmlands and has now become an invasive species in Ghana. In enhancing its value for use the plantwas evaluated as potential forage for grazing animals vis-à-vis other two existing forage plants: Ficus exasperata and Leucaenaleucocephala.The study assessed the palatability and preference of Broussonetia papyrifera using sheep and goats for the wet anddry seasons.The species were assessed in indoor pen feeding trials using eight-unit (3×3 m) pens with the cafeteria method.The amount of forage offered was 100g (fresh material) in all instances for each species and for ten minutes. Adesign basedon 3×2×2 factorial in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used to test the differences in palatability betweenthe three forage species.Results revealed that palatability was higher (P<0.05) in Leucaena leucocephala compared with Ficusexasperata and Broussonetia papyrifera for sheep and goats across seasons. The trend shown might be the result of the effectsof familiarity with the Leucaena leucocephala since animals tend to select plants that are familiar than newly introduced andunfamiliar plants. The study also revealed high level of condensed tannin (CT) in Broussonetia papyrifera which might haveinterfered with forage intake by the animals.There were no significant differences in palatability of Broussonetia papyrifera forgoat in both dry and wet season interactions and Ficus exasperata for goat in both dry and wet season interactions (P>0.05).Thestudy concluded that Broussonetia papyrifera could be a potential feed for both sheep and goats across seasons.The researchrecommended that livestock farmers should incorporate Broussonetia papyrifera feed into their programmes for both sheep andgoats and should be introduced to animals from infancy so that it may become a familiar feed for them.

Uji Aktivitas Antihiperglikemik Ekstrak Daun Petai Cina (Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit) pada Mencit Induksi Aloksan

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Jena Hayu Widyasti ◽  
Fitri Kurniasari
Keyword(s):  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

Diabetes melitus merupakan suatu penyakit dengan adanya gangguan sekresi insulin baik karena penurunan sensitifitas maupun kerusakan pada sel beta. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuktikan ekstrak daun petai cina (Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit) memiliki aktivitas menurunkan kadar gula darah mencit hiperglikemik pada dosis yang efektif. Penelitian antihiperglikemik ini menggunakan mencit putih sebanyak 30 ekor. Pengujian aktivitas antihiperglikemik dilakukan pada 6 kelompok perlakuan yaitu kelompok I (kontrol normal), kelompok II (kontrol negatif, induksi aloksan 200 mg/kg BB dan akuades), kelompok III (induksi aloksan dan glibenklamida 10 mg/kg BB), kelompok IV (induksi aloksan dan ekstrak daun petai cina 200 mg/kg BB), kelompok V (induksi aloksan dan ekstrak daun petai cina 400 mg/kg BB), kelompok VI (induksi aloksan dan ekstrak daun petai cina 300 mg/kg BB). Semua kelompok perlakuan diberikan perlakuan tersebut selama 14 hari dan dilakukan pengukuran kadar gula darah pada hari ke-0, 3, 10, dan 17. Aktivitas antihiperglikemik ekstrak daun petai cina ditunjukkan dengan cara menghitung daya hipoglikemik masing-masing perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun petai cina mempunyai aktivitas antihiperglikemik pada mencit yang diinduksi aloksan. Pada dosis uji ekstrak etanol daun petai cina 600 mg/kg BB mempunyai aktivitas antihiperglikemik yang efektif dibanding dengan dosis 400 mg/kg BB dan 200 mg/kg BB yang sebanding dengan kelompok kontrol positif.

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