scholarly journals Current Laws Governing Franchise Agreement in Jordan

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Mohammad Saud Khasawneh ◽  
Nurli Yaacob ◽  
Rohana Abdul Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
License Agreement ◽  
Legal Challenges ◽  
Opening Up ◽  
Laws And Regulations

<p>Currently there are more than 150 local and international franchise businesses operating in Jordan. Franchise business in Jordan has been a crucial investment market contributing to the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and developing its economic growth and trade. Nevertheless, legal challenges to the investors which have existed may hinder them from opening up a franchise business in Jordan. One of these challenges is the lack of specific legal framework regulating franchise business. Jordanian legal system does not have specific legislation to regulate the franchise agreement (which is known as the “license agreement” in Jordan) between a franchisor and a franchisee. The lack of specific legislation may deter or at least slow down the progress of foreign and local investors in setting up franchise businesses in Jordan, as they could not reasonably anticipate the relevant laws and regulatory enforcements relating to franchise. Therefore, this paper examines the current laws and regulations governing franchise business in Jordan. The paper concludes that existing laws affecting franchise in Jordan fail to address comprehensively the legal aspects of franchise. Thus, there is a dire need for specific legal framework to govern franchise business in Jordan.</p>

scholarly journals MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS AND ECONOMIC GROWTH OF NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyril Ogugua Obi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Money Market ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Financial Deepening ◽  
Macroeconomic Policies ◽  
Treasury Bills ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Johansen Cointegration Test

This study investigated the relationship between the money market instruments and economic growth of Nigeria using time series analysis from 1981-2019. The relevant variables for which data were sourced include: Real gross domestic product, Financial deepening indicator [ratio of money supply (M2) to gross domestic product – (M2/GDP)(%)], value of treasury bills outstanding, value of Certificate of deposit outstanding, value of commercial paper outstanding, and value of banker acceptance outstanding. The data extracted from the CBN statistical bulletin, vol. 30, 2019. The Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF), Johansen cointegration test and Error Correction Mechanism (ECM) were adopted. The research findings found that, there is significant relationship between money market instruments and economic growth in Nigeria. Furthermore, there is insignificant relationship between money market instruments and the development of the Nigerian financial system. The study recommends amongst others, the need for Government to create appropriate macroeconomic policies, legal framework and consolidate and improve on reforms with a holistic view to developing and deepening the market so as to promote productive activities, investments, and ultimately economic growth. JEL: E41; E50; E51 <p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0798/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

Trends of Private Consumption in the Restructuring of China’s Economy

2015 ◽  
Vol 07 (04) ◽  
pp. 52-64
Author(s):  
Chien-Hsun CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Private Consumption ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Domestic Consumption ◽  
Labour Income ◽  
Rapid Economic Growth ◽  
Labour Share ◽  
China’S Economy

The benefits deriving from rapid economic growth have chiefly accrued to capital returns. Consequently, the decline in the share of Chinese gross domestic product (GDP) accounted for by labour income has been most pronounced. To sustain growth, China will have to ensure robust consumption. Increasing the labour share in GDP and hence promoting domestic consumption will play a decisive role in rebalancing China’s economy.

The impacts of income inequality on the gross domestic product under direct taxation: evidence from emerging market economies

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Eren Yıldırım ◽  
Mete Dibo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Emerging Market Economies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Market Economies ◽  
Direct Taxation

PurposeThis study analyzes the impacts of income inequality after direct taxation on the gross domestic product as a fiscal policy tool in the development process.Design/methodology/approachThe model of the study is based on Munielo-Gallo and Roca-Sagales (2013), which examined the fiscal policy, income inequality and economic growth simultaneously. The study uses two models to analyze the relationship between income inequality and gross domestic production under direct taxation by employing autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model for selected emerging market economies.FindingEmpirical results reveal a negative long-run relationship between variables in some countries in line with the literature, despite a positive relationship in others. Moreover, the results exhibit the negative impact of income inequality after direct taxation on the gross domestic product decreases.Originality/valueResults of the study highlight the importance of direct taxation on income inequality concerning the reflects on economic growth. It suggests that when the income distribution is fairer, it may positively affect the gross domestic product. The study provides a new perspective to the related literature by investigating the role of income inequality under direct taxation for gross domestic product.

Financial Deepening, Financial Intermediation and Nigerian Economic Growth: Time Variant Analysis

2019 ◽  
pp. 60-73
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Interest Rate ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Money Supply ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Financial Deepening ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Real Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Long Run

This study examines financial deepening, financial intermediation and Nigerian economic growth. The main purpose is to examine the relationship between financial deepening and Nigerian economic growth while the specific objectives are to examine the impact of interest rate, capital market development, rational savings, credit to private sector and broad money supply on the growth of Nigerian. Secondary data of the variables were sourced from the publications of Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) from 1981-2017. Nigerian Real Gross Domestic Product (RGDP) was used as dependent variable while Broad money supply (M2), Credit to Private Sector (CPS), National Savings (NS), Capital Market Capitalization (CAMP) and Interest Rate (INTR) was used as independent variables. Multiple regressions with E-view statistical package were used as data analysis techniques. Cointegration test, Augmented Dickey Fuller Unit Root Test, Granger causality test was used to determine the relationship between the variable in the long-run and short-run. R2, F – statistics and β Coefficients were used to determine the extent to which the independent variable affects the dependent variable. It was found from the regression result that Broad Money Supply, credit to private sector have position effect on the growth of Nigerian Real Gross Domestic Product while National Savings, Capitalization and Interest Rate on Nigeria Real Gross Domestic Product. The co-integration test revealed presence of long-run relationship among the variables, the stationary test indicated stationarity of the variables at level. The Granger Causality Test found bi – variant relationship from the dependent to the independent and from the independent to the dependent variables. The regression summary found 99.0% explained variation, 560.5031, F – statistics and probability of 0.00000. From the above, the study concludes that financial deepening has significant relationships with Nigerian economic growth. We recommend that government and the financial sector operators should make policies that will further deepen the functions of the financial system to enhance Nigerian economic growth.

scholarly journals KAPSARC Oil Market Outlook

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
International Monetary Fund ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Real Gross Domestic Product ◽  
The Third ◽  
Oil Market ◽  
Market Outlook ◽  
Oil Demand ◽  
The International Monetary Fund

Total global oil demand is expected to increase year-on-year (YoY) by 4.2 million barrels per day (MMb/d) in 2021 and further grow by 3.5 MMb/d in 2022, returning to 2019 levels by the third quarter (Q3) 2022. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) predicts economic growth of around 5.4% in 2021, compared with a decline in real gross domestic product (GDP) in 2020 of -4.4%. However, KOMO estimates a forecast more in line with the OECD’s outlook for growth (4.2%), which presumes that GDP levels will only reach 2019 levels by the end of 2021.

scholarly journals Are Business Regulations Improving Economic Growth? Case Study between ASEAN and European Union

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-53
Author(s):  
Karuniana Dianta Arfiando Sebayang ◽  
Belinda Febrina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
European Union ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Ease Of Doing Business ◽  
Business Regulations ◽  
The Impact

Economic activities require a transparent regulatory and policy environment that is accessible to all levels of society. This study aims to explain the impact of ease of doing business on economic growth in both ASEAN and the European Union since doing business indicators applied globally. Gross Domestic Product is used as a proxy variable for economic growth as Gross Domestic Product is an indicator to measure economic growth. This study uses a descriptive quantitative research model and uses multiple regressions to determine the effect of ease of doing business on economic growth in ASEAN and the European Union by comparing the result of each ASEAN and European Union. In this study it was found that in ASEAN, there are four indicators of doing business have significant impact to economic growth, while in the European Union five indicators have significant impact to economic growth.  

scholarly journals Austerity in Time of Crisis: A Solution or a Dangerous Idea? Evidence from Algeria

ETIKONOMI ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-24
Author(s):  
Hadjer Boulila ◽  
Mohamed Benbouziane
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Distributed Model ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Oil Crisis

Our study is aimed to investigate the effect of austerity measures on the economic growth. Besides that, this research wants to examine whether austerity is the solution of the current oil crisis in Algeria or not. To achieve this aim we have used a Non-Linear Autoregressive Lag Distributed model (NARDL) to illustrate the negative and positive changes in austerity measures and their effects on gross domestic product. The findings of our estimation provides that neither increasing taxes cuts nor reducing expenditures is a solution for the crisis, that what confirms empirically what Keynesian economists approve. Therefore, Algeria’s authorities must quickly find other solution rather than austerity policies.DOI: 10.15408/etk.v17i1.6799

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pertumbuhan Asuransi Syariah terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Dedy Mainata ◽  
Angrum Pratiwi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Financial Industry ◽  
Islamic Bank ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Secondary Data Sources ◽  
Islamic Insurance

<p><em>This study aims to determine the effect of growth in Islamic insurance on economic growth. By using secondary data sources, secondary data in the form of total Islamic insurance assets during 2015-2017 originated from the report of the Non Islamic Bank Financial Industry in the official website. This study analyzes the influence of the growth variables of Islamic insurance on economic growth. With the Independent variable in this study is the growth of Islamic insurance with total assets as an indicator (X). And the dependent variable in this study is Indonesia's economic growth using the indicator Gross Domestic Product (GDP) or Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (Y). The results of the study show that the growth variables of Islamic insurance have an effect on Indonesia's economic growth.</em><em></em></p>

scholarly journals Dampak Pembiayaan BUS dan UUS Terhadap Produk Domestik Bruto Indonesia Berdasarkan Lapangan Usaha

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-571
Author(s):  
Aida Azmi Nabila ◽  
Endang Hatma Juniwati ◽  
Fifi Afiyanti Tripuspitorini
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Model Test ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Economic Sectors

Islamic banking has a role to encourage economic development and enhance economic growth. One way to do this is by allocating Islamic banking financing funds to all economic sectors or industrials in Indonesia. There is a mismatch between the growth statistics of financing distribution to Gross Domestic Product based on industrials consisting of seven industrial. This istudy iaims ito idetermine iwhether ior inot ithere iis ia  relationship, iconstribution, and the effect iof ifinancing ichanneled on Indonesia's Gross Domestic Product. The isample iin ithis istudy was determined using ipurposive isampling. iThis iresearch imethod iis ia idescriptive imethod iwith ia iquantitative iapproach. iThe iresults iof  the model test of the effect of BUS and UUS financing on Indonesia’s Gross Dometic Product based on the industrial in 2012-2019 show that not all financing has a relationship, constribution, and the effect to Indonesia’s Gross Domestic Product based on the industrial.

The Optimum Level of Income Inequality in South Asia: An Econometric Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 139156142110390
Author(s):  
Fahmida Khatun ◽  
Syed Yusuf Saadat
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Gini Coefficient ◽  
Econometric Analysis ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Capita Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Per Capita

Inequality in the distribution of income can be beneficial or detrimental for economic growth depending on the level of inequality. This study advocates that when income inequality is low, increase in income inequality increases economic growth, whereas when income inequality is high, increase in income inequality decreases economic growth. The level of inequality that maximizes economic growth is defined as the optimum level of income inequality. This article attempts to determine the optimum level of income inequality for South Asia through an econometric analysis. It uses panel data from Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka, over a 34-year period to undertake a systematic investigation using panel instrumental variables techniques. The results of this study confirm that an optimum level of income inequality does exist, and occurs at a Gini coefficient value of 0.4492. Thus, this research empirically confirms that the relationship between income inequality and economic growth is non-linear. Further calculations show that for an economy that is at the optimum level of income inequality, the per capita gross domestic product can be expected to double within approximately 13 years, provided all other factors are held constant. However, a change in the Gini coefficient by 0.10 units in either direction—higher or lower—away from the optimum level, can increase the number of years for the per capita gross domestic product to double by 55 to 57 years, depending on the method of approximation. JEL: D31, D63, O15, O40

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