scholarly journals An Easily Integrable Industrial System for Gamma Spectroscopic Analysis and Traceability of Stones and Building Materials

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 352
Author(s):  
Marco Marini ◽  
Silvia Panicacci ◽  
Massimiliano Donati ◽  
Luca Fanucci ◽  
Erica Fanchini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Building Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
World Market ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Radiological Investigation ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Radiological Measurements ◽  
Set Up

In the building material and stones market, lots of restrictions are coming in different world zones. In Europe, a recent regulatory set up the maximum level of radiological emissions for materials intended for use in public and private building structures. For this reason, companies need to have a very efficient radiological measurements system in their production chain, in order to respect all the rules and to be competitive in the world market. This article describes CORSAIR, a Cloud-Oriented Measurement System for Radiological Investigation and Traceability of Stones. Our cyber-physical system consists of sensing nodes network connected to a data collection gateway through LoRaWAN protocol, and interfaces with a centralized cloud application. CORSAIR introduces a fast, repeatable, real-time and non-destructive method to measure radiological emissions and other parameters of each single building material item, uniquely identified by an applied RFID tag. The validity of this system is confirmed by in-situ measurement campaign compared with high-precision laboratory analysis. The results demonstrate the accuracy of the CORSAIR sensor and the possibility to easily integrate it in the company production chain without any change.

scholarly journals Interlocking Block Masonry (ISSB) for Sustainable Housing Purposes in Thailand, With Additional Examples From Cambodia and Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Bredenoord ◽  
Wutinai Kokkamhaeng ◽  
Pichit Janbunjong ◽  
Ongarj Nualplod ◽  
Suwatchai Thongnoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Building Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Structural Quality ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Sustainable Housing ◽  
Stabilized Soil ◽  
Facility Construction

This paper is about Interlocking Stabilized Soil Blocks (ISSB) as developed in Thailand. ISSB are seen as an eco-friendly building material for home building and structures such as water tanks and sanitation facilities. For several decades the Thai R&D Institute TISTR has worked on developing and testing ISSB, which in other countries are called compressed stabilized earth blocks or CSEB. The composition of building blocks and the quality of building structures determine together the structural quality of the house or building. If there is a need for earthquake- and storm resistance, the building blocks and the structures must have specific features. Building stacked houses is an important issue given the growing scarcity of land for housing and the increasing land prices. ISSB is not only applied in Thailand, but also in Cambodia for low-cost housing and in Nepal for home reconstruction after the 2015 earthquake. ISSB or CSEB is also applied in other countries as an alternative building material and technology to replace the use of fired bricks and concrete building blocks for housing. Reducing the use of cement in the materials and structures is important for environmental reasons, but in ISSB/CSEB the use of cement as a stabilizer cannot always be avoided. This is surely the case in areas where earthquakes, heavy storms and floods can occur. Although this paper focuses mainly on technical aspects of sustainable housing and construction, there is also a focus on social sustainability, meaning a strong involvement of local communities in the production of sustainable building materials for walls, newly developed construction technologies, and mutual house and facility construction.

Pemanfaatan Bambu Tabadiku sebagai Agregat Kasar Pada Pengujian Kuat Tekan Beton

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hartati Kapita ◽  
Elfira Resti Mulya
Keyword(s):  
Building Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Rock Fragments ◽  
Rate Of Absorption ◽  
Experimental Laboratory ◽  
Natural Building ◽  
Unconsolidated Rock

The use of bamboo as building materials has occurred for a long period, especially in a simple construction system. Bamboo can be utilized as a building material due to its advantages. One of the advantages is that bamboo has a significantly low density so  it can reduce the density of concrete whose main material is gravel. Gravel is a natural building material is formed from unconsolidated rock fragments, such as rock pieces or small rocks. Gravel is commonly found in Indonesia because there is a lot of availability. This research aims to utilize local bamboo resources as building materials. Bamboo is used as an alternative substitute for gravel aggregate in the concrete mixing. The research method was experimental laboratory work. The results showed that the use of bamboo as an aggregate can only be used in non-structures, this is because the rate  of absorption of bamboo against water is quite high. While the compressive strength of the concrete produced by  mixing 100 % bamboo aggregate has an average value of 3.09 MPa and mixing 50 % of bamboo has an average value of 6.01 MPa. Therefore, the quality of the concrete cannot be used for building structures, but  only be used in non-structural buildings.

scholarly journals Cost Estimate Reduction Using Analogue Building Materials

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-125
Author(s):  
Laura Platace ◽  
Sandra Gusta
Keyword(s):  
Building Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Direct Costs ◽  
Cost Estimate ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Public And Private

Abstract One of the most important parameters that is currently used in public and private procurement in building process is the lowest price. The legislation of Latvia permits that an estimate forming process does not include criterions of quality, durability, and the potential high cost of maintaining the building during the exploitation time. That allows the constructor to reduce the cost estimate by using cheaper construction product or technology and does not let to provide the highest possible quality and the basic principle of sustainable construction. One of possible construction cost reduction solutions is the replacement of building material with equal building material, at the same time assessing the quality and replacement impact on the direct costs of estimate. The tasks of the research are: (1) to do literature review on what is an estimate, what an estimate includes and the basis of estimate; (2) to analyse the existing construction estimate, to evaluate the used construction materials and to study technical characteristics of materials, to explore a specific construction junction; (3) to replace the selected construction materials with analogous, thus reducing the direct costs of estimate; (4) to evaluate the affect of the price of the construction material on quality; (5) to compare the obtained cost estimate with the current cost estimate; (6) to implement laboratory research and to compare technical characteristics of the construction materials and analogue materials in order to check if they are the performing parameters that are defined in the declaration of performance. After comparing of the obtained direct costs of construction and analysing the quality of construction materials it is possible to provide the most appropriate offer of the direct costs of estimate to satisfy the customer’s interests.

Novel Microbial Based Low Energy Green Building Material Production Technology

2015 ◽  
Vol 1090 ◽  
pp. 96-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Meng Li ◽  
Satoru Kawasaki ◽  
Qiu Zhuo Zhang ◽  
Varenyam Achal
Keyword(s):  
Building Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Similar Amount ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Calcium Carbonate Precipitation ◽  
Metabolic Activities ◽  
Present World

The present world cannot be imagined without construction industry. On other hand we are not able to prevent impact of construction on the environment due to usage of its key component that is cement, which plays a greater role in the emission of greenhouse gases. Every tonne of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) that is produced releases on average a similar amount of CO2into the atmosphere, or in total roughly 6% of all man-made carbon emissions. One of the purposes of research should be to lower the amount of cement during construction without compromising the quality of building structure. Microbial metabolic activities often contribute to selective cementation by biomineralization. In the present study, a novel microbial based low energy green building material based on microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) has been reported that is known as “biocement”. Biocement has enormous potential and usage in building materials and structures with potential to partially replace the cement. The research demonstrates that production of biocement can enhance the durability of building structures in addition to have least impact on the environment.

scholarly journals Can Brisbane Remain a Subtropical City?

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Spearritt
Keyword(s):  
Building Material ◽  
Rich Source ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Pristine Environment ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Silky Oak ◽  
At Home

As the seasons change, public and private gardens become a riot of colour. Winter shows the scarlet flags of poinsettia – Brisbane's emblem, which, if really a Mexican beauty, has made itself very much at home. The lavender glow of jacaranda and the gold of laburnum, the green umbrella of poinciana crowned with gleaming scarlet, the massed magnificence of magenta bougainvillea, the creamy blossoms and heavy tropical scent of frangipani filling the air with sweetness, the glare of cannas, the pink and white of bauhinia, the old-gold feathers of silky oak and the red and green of hibiscus – these are but a few of the array of colours.C. C. D. BrammallBrisbane has been relentlessly cleared since the first British soldiers and convicts set up at Redcliffe and then moved to the site we know as Brisbane today. As in other Australian colonies the new settlers were keen to grow crops and to exploit the timber both as a building material and later as a rich source of export income. While early explorers and botanists recorded the richness of the vegetation most new settlers saw the landscape as a resource to be exploited, not a pristine environment to be treated with respect.

scholarly journals Earth as Building Material – an overview of RILEM activities and recent Innovations in Geotechnics

2018 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 02001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Vyncke ◽  
Laura Kupers ◽  
Nicolas Denies
Keyword(s):  
Building Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Technical Committee ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Testing Procedures ◽  
Soil Mixing ◽  
Set Up

This paper presents an overview of the different earth building techniques, the latest innovations and the normative aspects. The oldest man made earth constructions known to exist date back to 10 000 BC. Since then, earth has remained a popular building material throughout history. With time, different techniques evolved, starting from sundried adobe blocks to cob constructions, rammed earth walls and compressed earth bricks. Today these techniques are still being optimized and alternative binders, specifically adapted admixtures and surface treatments are being developed. Even though nearly one third of the world’s population lives in an earth construction, few specific building standards and testing methods exist. Many of the tests used today are based on tests for concrete and thus do not take into account the complex nature of earth constructions, such as their sensitivity to water. RILEM, the union of Laboratories and Experts in Construction Materials, Systems and Structures, set up a new Technical Committee in 2016: TC TCE (Testing and Characterisation of Earth-based building materials and elements). This committee, consisting of an international group of experts on the topic, aim to define testing procedures for earth as a building construction material. To end with, this paper also gives a short introduction to “Deep soil mixing”, an “earth” building technique dedicated to geotechnical engineering.

LATE AND NON-PAYMENTS ISSUES IN THE MALAYSIAN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY: PERSPECTIVE OF BUILDING MATERIAL SUPPLIERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Mohd Fisal Ishak ◽  
Kartina Alauddin ◽  
Mohd Shahrol Hafiz Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Management Team ◽  
Flow Management ◽  
Cash Flow Management ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Klang Valley

Payment in the Malaysian construction industry has generally been an issue of concern. Late and non-payment problem is endemic in construction and needs to be addressed. The aim of this study is to investigate the issues related to late and non-payment based on the building materials suppliers’ perspective. Questionnaires were distributed to suppliers of building materials in the Klang Valley. Findings from the study shows the main cause of late and non-payment is the paymaster’s poor financial management while the main effect of late and non-payment is problem with the cash flow.  The most recommended possible solution to cope with the issue is for the paymaster to conduct training on financial and cash flow management to the management team in the company.  

Resistance of Binding Systems of Various Compositions to the Action of Molds

2020 ◽  
Vol 786 (11) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
V.V. STROKOVA ◽  
◽  
V.V. NELUBOVA ◽  
M.N. SIVALNEVA ◽  
M.D. RYKUNOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aging Process ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Fungal Resistance ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Vital Activity ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Biological Corrosion ◽  
Test Objects

The dynamic development of urbanization contributes to an increase in emissions of industrial waste, which is the cause dysfunction of the ecosystem balance and leads to the development of biological corrosion on building materials associated with the products of the vital activity of microorganisms. In this regard, it is necessary to assess the resistance of composites to predict the durability of building structures under conditions of biological influence of microorganisms. Binder systems of various compositions were studied: cementless nanostructured binders (NB) based on quartz sand and granodiorite, gypsum, Portland cement and alumina cement. The toxicity of binders was assessed by biotesting on living organisms – cladocerans Daphnia Magna – according to the criteria of the intensity of their growth and viability. As a result, the high environmental safety of NB is substantiated, and the ranking of the studied binders according to the degree of increase in their toxicity to test objects is presented. Fungal resistance was assessed by the ability of molds for growing and reproduction on the studied samples. It was found that the most active in terms of the development of binders were representatives of the genus Aspergillus, the intensity of growing of which in all variants did not decrease below 3 points. Gypsum and NB were especially vulnerable, where the degree of fouling repeatedly reached 5 points. Even the initially biostable cement, after the aging process, lost its stability at different extent. The obtained results indicate the need to increase the resistance of composites for various purposes under conditions of biocorrosion at the stage of design and updating of regulatory documents, including tests for fungal resistance in the list of mandatory.

RECYCLED BRICK SOUNDPROOF TEST AS AN ALTERNATIVE SUSTAINABLE MATERIAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-54
Author(s):  
Hendrico Firzandy Latupeirissa ◽  
Gierlang Bhakti Putra ◽  
Niki Prastomo
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Sound Source ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Comfort ◽  
Construction Waste ◽  
Coarse Grains ◽  
Made In

Brick debris that makes up the majority of construction waste has not received proper waste disposal in Indonesia. On the other hand, brick debris could be potentially reused as non-structural building materials to reduce its negative impact on the environment. This study aims to test the effectiveness of soundproofing on recycled brick debris. The soundproof test was carried out on brick debris in the form of fine and coarse grains. The simulation box is then used as a support for the brickwork material and then the box is exposed to a sound source with a certain level of noise that is considered disturbing human comfort. Noise level measurements are made in the outside and inside the box. These measurements are tabulated and then analyzed to see the success of the two aggregates in reducing noise. Basically, the brickwork material has succeeded in becoming a recycled building material that can absorb noise, although further research must be carried out to be able to state that this material is truly ready to be used as an alternative building material with good acoustic capabilities.

Technology Politics, An Analytical Unit

1982 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 17-17
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Lefevre
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Space Shuttle ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Synthetic Fuels ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Policy System ◽  
Home Building ◽  
Automobile Engines ◽  
Civilian Defense

Political scientists are increasingly interested in understanding policymaking in civilian, defense and space technologies. The answer to the question why this is, is found partly in the emergence of the policy field itself, and partly in the enormously expanded role that government stimulus of technological innovation is playing in the public and private sectors. A listing of some recent programs — breeder and fusion reactor R&D, the space shuttle, windmill farm demonstration programs, synthetic fuels programs, and dial-a-ride transportation systems — gives some indication of the scope of federal involvement, and points up some of the implications that this enlarged role has for the student of public policy. Why, for instance, has government elected to stimulate innovations in certain technologies and not others? Who are the key actors shaping the policymaking process in R&D? Are their gaps in federal efforts? Is the policy system responding effectively to needs for renewable energy sources, alternative home building materials, gasoline-efficient automobile engines, etc?

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