scholarly journals Leveraging on Motivation to Retain Employees: The Role of Psychological Contract

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Ghulam Ahmed Bin Donkor ◽  
Godfrey Adda ◽  
Mohammed Kweku Baidoo
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Contract ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Quantitative Methodology ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
Motivational Interventions ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

The migration of nurses in pursuit of ‘greener pastures’ has been an issue of great concern and a threat to the health sector across the globe, especially the developing nations. Interventions by successive Ghanaian governments to stem the tide have failed because issues surrounding transfer policies, family reunion and career choice trajectories have not been satisfactorily addressed. This empirical study was aimed at identifying the missing links in the motivational interventions in order to proffer suggestions on specific support systems to retain nurses. The study adopted a cross-sectional design under the quantitative methodology to achieve the objective of the study. A questionnaire was used as an instrument to collect primary data from a sample size (n) of 350 nurses from five Mission Hospitals in Bono East Region of Ghana. The data was analyzed using SmartPLS3 structural equation modeling (SEM). The findings revealed that psychological contract plays an important role in stay-or-quit decision of nurses because management’s effort at motivating staff is still at odds with the critical elements of nurses’ motivational content.

scholarly journals Junior enterprise and entrepreneurial behavior in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Hermínio Salati Marcondes de Moraes ◽  
Edson Sadao Iizuka ◽  
Anne Kathleen Lopes da Rocha ◽  
Amanda Mecchi Diaféria
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Quantitative Methodology ◽  
Entrepreneurial Behavior ◽  
Entrepreneurial Education ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Probabilistic Sampling ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze what is the influence of the junior enterprise environment on the entrepreneurial profile and intention of university students and what is the difference in the entrepreneurial behavior between students who participated and students who did not participate in junior enterprises. Design/methodology/approach A quantitative approach based on multivariate data analysis using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling was applied to a sample of 549 respondents. Findings Participation in junior enterprises influences the development of the students’ entrepreneurial profile more than their entrepreneurial intention. This study presents which behavioral characteristics are mostly developed with participation in a junior enterprise. Research limitations/implications The questionnaire with perception conditions and self-assessment indicators; data collection by a single cross-sectional research design; the scope of the research, which did not use a probabilistic sampling. Practical implications Practical implications are to assist higher education institutions in having a more accurate understanding of the role of junior enterprises in stimulating university entrepreneurship. To implement an effective entrepreneurial education, stimulating junior companies can be a fundamental action for the HEIs, and this is valid for courses in all areas. Entrepreneurial education in a practical context, as in the case of a junior company, can increase entrepreneurial intention. Originality/value This research fills a research gap on the uncertainty of the effectiveness of entrepreneurial education in developing the entrepreneurial behavior and entrepreneurial intention of students, at least when considering the junior company as part of entrepreneurial education in the university context, presenting a robust quantitative methodology and a large sample in a developing country.

scholarly journals Anxiety amongst physicians during COVID-19: Cross-sectional study in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qaisar Khalid Mahmood ◽  
Sara Rizvi Jafree ◽  
Aisha Jalil ◽  
Syed Mujtaba Hasnain Nadir ◽  
Florian Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family Strain ◽  
High Workload

Abstract Background: Ensuring safety and wellbeing of healthcare providers is crucial, particularly during times of a pandemic. In this study, we aim to identify the determinants of anxiety in physicians on duty in coronavirus wards or quarantine centers. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional quantitative survey with an additional qualitative item. Five constructs of workload, exhaustion, family strain, feeling of protection, and anxiety were measured using items from two validated tools. Modifications were made for regional relevance. Factor analysis was performed showing satisfactory Cronbach alpha results. Overall, 103 physicians completed the questionnaire. Results: T-test results revealed significant associations between gender and anxiety. Structural equation modeling identified that high workload contributed to greater exhaustion (β=0.41, R2=0.17, p<0.001) and greater family strain (β=0.47, R2=0.22, p<0.001). Exhaustion (β=0.17, p<0.005), family strain (β=0.34, p<0.001), and feelings of protection (β=-0.30, p<0.001) significantly explained anxiety (R2=0.28). Qualitative findings further identified specific needs of physicians with regard to protective equipment, compensation, quarantine management, resource allocation, security and public support, governance improvement, and health sector development. Conclusions: It is imperative to improve governmental and social support for physicians and other healthcare providers during the corona pandemic. Immediate attention is needed to reduce anxiety, workload, and family strain in frontline practitioners treating coronavirus patients, and to improve their (perceptions of) protection. This is a precondition for patient safety.

The relationship between stress and maturity in knowledge management

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 1504-1521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Machado Fonseca Ramalho Marques ◽  
Jefferson Lopes La Falce ◽  
Juliano Martins Ramalho Marques ◽  
Cristiana Fernandes De Muylder
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Organizational Stress ◽  
Public Institution ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Key Indicator ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Purpose This study aims to examine the relationships among organizational stress, disengagement from knowledge sharing and knowledge management maturity in a public institution of higher education in Brazil. Design/methodology/approach Descriptive and quantitative means were used; in particular, a questionnaire developed by Batista (2012), the Instrument for Knowledge Management Assessment in the Brazilian Public Administration, a scale developed by Ford and Staples (2008) to measure the disengagement from knowledge sharing and the Occupational Stress Scale, developed by Paschoal and Tamayo (2004) were used to collect data. A multivariate analysis was performed, including the use of structural equation modeling to relate the constructs to each other. Findings A positive significance was found in the relationships between organizational stress and disengagement from knowledge sharing and between stress and maturity in knowledge management. This finding supports the suggestion of Ford et al. (2015) that health, a key indicator, is directly related to disengagement from knowledge sharing. Research limitations/implications This study adopted a cross-sectional design, so a longitudinal or experimental research may discover other insights. Originality/value These results will be interesting to managers because stress management initiatives can help guide or identify opportunities to improve maturity in knowledge management and knowledge sharing.

How Employability Attributes Mediate the Link Between Knowledge Workers’ Career Adaptation Concerns and Their Self-Perceived Employability

2019 ◽  
Vol 123 (4) ◽  
pp. 1005-1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinde Coetzee ◽  
Louise Engelbrecht
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Knowledge Workers ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sense Of Competence ◽  
Employment Conditions ◽  
Perceived Employability

The study examines employability attributes as psychological mechanisms that explain the link between the career adaptation concerns and self-perceived employability of a sample of professionally qualified knowledge workers (N = 404). A cross-sectional survey was used to collect primary data. Results of a mediation analysis by means of structural equation modeling show that proactivity, career resilience, and career self-management attributes are significant intrinsic motivational mechanisms in explaining the link between high career adaptation concerns and high self-perceived employability. The study makes an important contribution to the employability literature by illustrating by means of self-determination theory the role of employability attributes as psychological processes that restore individuals’ sense of autonomous functioning as expressed by their self-perceived employability. The findings advance human resource management’s understanding of the role of employability attributes as mechanisms of fulfilling knowledge workers’ need for competence and autonomy in the career adaptation concerns—perceived employability link. Practice implications include supportive career development practices that strengthen knowledge workers’ sense of competence and autonomy when confronted with changes in job and employment conditions that affect their perceived employability.

Individual cultural orientation as a determinant of psychological contract fulfilment

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 1315-1332
Author(s):  
Bramhani Rao ◽  
Sambashiva Rao Kunja
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Contract ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Cultural Orientation ◽  
Theoretical Implication ◽  
Psychological Contracts ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Individual Level

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of individualism-collectivism (IC) in determining psychological contract fulfillment (PCF) at individual level, thus attempting to establish that cultural orientation of each individual may differentially predict the fulfillment of his/her psychological contract. Design/methodology/approach Structural equation modeling was conducted on the cross-sectional data collected from 465 IT professionals working at different multi-national software companies. Findings Model fit between the dimensions of IC and PCF was found to be good, indicating a significantly positive relationship between within-culture cultural orientation of an individual and his/her perception of PCF. The analyses revealed that collectivist beliefs, values and norms have a significant relationship with the perception of delivery, fairness and trust toward PCF. The relationship between collectivist values and fairness of the deal was found to be insignificant. Research limitations/implications A major theoretical implication of the study is its contribution to evidence that people with collectivist orientation have a relatively positive perception toward the fulfillment of a psychological contract between them and the employer. It also clarifies why employees working in the same work environment tend to develop unique psychological contracts owing to their tendency to orient toward a particular cultural state of mind in the form of beliefs, values and norms guiding their day-to-day work-life. Originality/value The study is a valuable addition to the current literature in two ways. First, it contributes to the area of personality by examining the individual cultural orientation as an individual difference predictor of PCF. This helps in understanding the role of differences in emotions, cognition and behavior among individuals in predicting the fulfillment of hidden expectations of employees. In the domain of psychological contract, it contributes to evidence that explains why employees in same job conditions and employment relationships experience breach or fulfillment owing to their difference in cultural orientation.

scholarly journals Abusive supervision and moral courage: does moral efficacy matter?

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-155
Author(s):  
Ahmed Mohammed Sayed Mostafa
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Abusive Supervision ◽  
Moral Courage ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Hospital Nurses ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Moral Efficacy

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of both supervisory abuse and moral efficacy in the weakening or strengthening of moral courage. The study also tests how the interaction between both could influence moral courage. Design/methodology/approach Cross-sectional data were collected from a sample of public hospital nurses in Egypt and structural equation modeling was used to analyse the data. Findings The study findings revealed that abusive supervision is negatively related to moral courage whereas moral efficacy is positively related to courage. Furthermore, moral efficacy moderates the abusive supervision-moral courage relationship in such a way that the negative association between abusive supervision and moral courage is reduced when moral efficacy is high. Research limitations/implications Because of the cross-sectional design of the study, inferences regarding causality cannot be made. Furthermore, more research is needed to identify whether the results of this study apply in other contexts. Practical implications Organizations should identify abusive supervisors and offer them abuse-prevention training to circumvent their hostile behaviour. Organizations should also try to consider follower moral efficacy when matching supervisors with followers. Originality/value The study addresses calls for research on the personal factors that could mitigate the undesirable effects of abusive supervision.

scholarly journals The Effect of Enterprise Risk Management on Ameliorating Competitive Advantage: A Cross-Sectional Study of Software Houses in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 2525-2543
Author(s):  
Sameeta Javaid ◽  
Faheem Aslam
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Enterprise Risk Management ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Enterprise Risk

In the current dynamic environment, organizations need a more anticipatory and effective risk management system. Implementing the holistic Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) process will perceive, analyze, and assess risks as they must be regarded from the entire enterprise’s perspective. The research aims to empirically analyze the effect of ERM practices on the Competitive Advantage (CA) and examine the moderating role of Organizational Culture (OC) in the Software industry of Pakistan. The primary data were obtained from 250 respondents through the questionnaire method. The validity and reliability were analyzed by using Structural Equation Modeling Analysis, PLS Algorithm, and Bootstrapping. The results show that the implementation of ERM has a significant effect on firms’ competitive advantage. The analysis supports the hypothesis and identifies the positive moderating effect of organizational culture in carrying out ERM programs, which can enhance organizational competitiveness. This study is useful for managers to help them in the planning and decision-making phase so that they can act responsibly in a rapidly changing environment and consider organizational culture as one of the key factors of the ERM program that helps accomplish organizational competitiveness.

scholarly journals Visual eWOM Usefulness and Credibility: The Antecedents and Consequences

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Whony Rofianto ◽  
Desta Atasyah Kornelys ◽  
Muhammad Rifkhansyah
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Communication Framework ◽  
Endogenous Variables ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences

Nowadays the practice of spreading and utilizing eWOM increasingly prevalent. A lot of examination on eWOM effectiveness has been done, but it is still fragmented and overlook the potential of Visual eWom (VeWOM). Departing from the electronic word-of-mouth communication framework this research attempts to provide empirical evidence on the eWOM credibility-forming aspect and its implications toward eWOM adoption rate in the context of VeWOM video "unboxing". This research was conducted by a descriptive-explanatory approach using primary data, collected through a cross-sectional online survey. The hypothesis testing is performed by analyzing structural model estimation result through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach on 105 sample data of YouTube video-sharing site viewers. The proposed structural model involves three exogenous variables and three endogenous variables. The estimation results of the structural model indicate that VeWOM argument quality has a positive impact on VeWOM usefulness. Meanwhile, communicator expertise and trustworthiness proved to encourage the formation of VeWOM credibility. On the other hand, this study also proved the positive impact of VeWOM credibility on VeWOM adoption, however, the positive effect of VeWOM usefulness on VeWOM adoption was not proven in this study

scholarly journals Mindfulness, Empathy and Moral Sensitivity in Nurses: a Structural Equation Modeling Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasser Rezapour-Mirsaleh ◽  
Mahdi Aghabagheri ◽  
Azadeh Choobforoushzadeh ◽  
Azra Mohammadpanah
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Moral Sensitivity ◽  
Moral Issues ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Modeling Analysis ◽  
Empathy Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Nurses in work situations face with various moral issues and they can be such a challenge regarding interaction with patients; moral sensitivity of a nurse can help him/her to overcome these challenges. Regarding, the consideration of variables associated with moral sensitivity can be a real facilitator in overcoming such challenges. This study aimed to investigate the relationship among mindfulness, empathy, and moral sensitivity in a sample of nurses. Methods: In the present study, a cross-sectional design utilizing Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was conducted. The nurses in a private hospital in Yazd, Iran, were invited to participate in the study (n=162). In order to gather the data, the Freiburg’s mindfulness inventory, moral sensitivity questionnaire, and revised Jefferson’s empathy scale were used. The hypothesized model was analyzed by SEM.Results: The results show that Mindfulness and empathy had a significant direct effect on moral sensitivity. However, mindfulness had an indirect effect on nurses’ moral sensitivity via empathy improvement (p<.01).Conclusion: Regarding the results, it can be concluded that via mindfulness improvement in nurses, it is possible to raise their moral sensitivity; considering the empathy role as a mediator, it is recommended mindfulness improvement is coincided with empathy.

Enhancing organizational performance of Malaysian SMEs

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 973-995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lai Wan Hooi ◽  
Kwang Sing Ngui
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Learning Capability ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hr Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine organizational learning (OL) capability as a mediator of the relationship between human resource management (HRM) and performance of Malaysian small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Design/methodology/approach – A cross-sectional design was adopted, where data were collected from a sample of 286 manufacturing and service SMEs, utilizing a survey questionnaire. Hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling. Findings – Results from a two-stage structural equation modeling analysis suggest that the use of human-capital enhancing HR practices strengthen SMEs’ learning capability. Furthermore, SMEs’ learning capability mediates the effect of the HR practices on firm performance. Research limitations/implications – It uses a cross-sectional design which has prevented the examination of cause and effect relationship between two constructs. It also did not include large organizations in the sample population. It also did not consider other SME contextual variables which may otherwise exert significant impact on OL capability, or moderate the relationship between the constructs under study. Practical implications – A profound understanding of HR practices’ holistic effect on performances would assist organizations to implement strategies to sustain competitive advantage. Company capabilities embedded in employee behavior are less likely to be inimitable and organizations could effectively nurture the needed employee capabilities to achieve the desired performance outcomes. Originality/value – The study advances knowledge on HRM among SMEs by proposing that decisions on selection of HR practices can be guided by the objective of developing the OL capability of the firm.

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