Moral Sensitivity of Young People with Intellectual Disability – Its Role in The Process of Their Education

According to Heller and Życiński (1980) the primary regulator of human behaviour is the system of values therefore its development should be in the centre of all educational and upbringing measures. Our focus here is on moral sensitivity understood as the ability of an individual to see social situations from the perspective of moral good and moral evil that represent values embodied in moral norms adopted by the world and internalised by humans as the principles of conduct. The main research question was the following: How morally sensitive are persons with ID and how is their sensitivity associated with the degree of intellectual disability and gender? A non-probability sample 267 of Polish residents aged 16-30 years with mild (58.42%) or moderate (41.58%) intellectual disability was assembled. Men and women were almost in equal proportion. The Moral Sensitivity Inventory (MSI; Otrębski, Sudoł, 2020) has been used to measure the moral sensitivity of people with ID. It consists of 10 illustrated stories presenting typical social situations containing moral dilemmas, and an evaluation form. The tested person’s task is to answer the following question “Who, in this story, did something right or wrong, and what was that?” and to indicate as many moral elements in the story and the picture as they can. The results imply that the study participants had different ability to discern moral good and moral evil. They were more sensitive to the manifestations of good and evil bad associated with Understanding one’s behaviour and its impact on others (more than one-fourth of them had high scores) and less perceptive of those relating to Respect for others’ property and Conformance to principles and norms. The results of the study expand the knowledge of the overall moral sensitivity of persons with intellectual disabilities.

Prevention Village Fund Fraud in Indonesia: Moral Sensitivity as a Moderating Variable

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the internal control system, appropriate compensation, and the competency of the village apparatus regarding the prevention of village fund fraud with moral sensitivity as a moderating variable. This research is a quantitative method using hypothesis–inference to answer exploratory, descriptive, explanatory, and predictive analysis questions. Primary data are mainly used in this study. Data were collected using a survey method in a questionnaire with questions given to respondents to collect information. The sample of this research is the village office in 16 (sixteen) districts in Sumowono, Semarang Regency, Central Java, Indonesia, with 289 participants. Data analysis was carried out using Warp-PLS 7.0 application software. The results showed that the village apparatus’s internal control system, appropriate compensation, and competency prevented village fund fraud. Furthermore, the novelty of this research is to add a moderating variable, moral sensitivity, which can strengthen the relationship between the internal control system, appropriate compensation, and competency of the village apparatus regarding the prevention of village fund fraud.

Enactive Principles for the Ethics of User Interactions on Social Media: How to Overcome Systematic Misunderstandings Through Shared Meaning-Making

This paper proposes three principles for the ethical design of online social environments aiming to minimise the unintended harms caused by users while interacting online, specifically by enhancing the users’ awareness of the moral load of their interactions. Such principles would need to account for the strong mediation of the digital environment and the particular nature of user interactions: disembodied, asynchronous, and ambiguous intent about the target audience. I argue that, by contrast to face to face interactions, additional factors make it more difficult for users to exercise moral sensitivity in an online environment. An ethics for social media user interactions is ultimately an ethics of human relations mediated by a particular environment; hence I look towards an enactive inspired ethics in formulating principles for human interactions online to enhance or at least do not hinder a user’s moral sensitivity. This enactive take on social media ethics supplements classical moral frameworks by asking us to focus on the relations established through the interactions and the environment created by those interactions.

The effect of intensive care physicians and nurses' inclination to ethical values on the moral sensitivity

This study was conducted to determine the effect of intensive care physicians and nurses' inclination to ethical values on the moral sensitivity.

The Effect of Transcultural Nursing Course on Students’ Moral Sensitivity: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Introduction: The moral sensitivity of nurses positively affects the quality of patient care. For this reason, nursing students are expected to gain moral sensitivity skills during their education. The aim of the study is to examine the impact of transcultural nursing course (TNC) on the moral sensitivity levels of students. Methods: This study had a quasi-experimental design. The sample consisted of 100 nursing students (intervention: 36 and control: 64). The intervention group was composed of students who had enrolled in the TNC. The data were collected through the Sociodemographic Information Form and the Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire. Independent samples t-test and analysis of variance were used in data analysis. Results: The moral sensitivity levels of the students who received the TNC were significantly higher than those who did not. Discussion: The TNC is an effective teaching method in increasing the moral sensitivity levels of nursing students.

Impact of poetry-based ethics education on the moral sensitivity of nurses: A semi-experimental study

Background: The nurses’ moral sensitivity is the first step to make right decisions in difficult moral situations. Therefore, its education and promotion is highly important. Research objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the impact of poetry-based ethics education on the nurses’ moral sensitivity. Research design and methods: This was a semi-experimental study. The sample consisted of 108 nurses who were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to three groups: intervention with poetry (G1), who read a booklet about values and principles of professional ethics as well as poems related to these subjects for 1 month; intervention without poetry (G2), who only read the booklet without any poetry; and control group (G3), who did not receive any intervention. Data were collected by Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire that was completed by the participants prior to the intervention (T1), 1-month post-intervention (T2), and 2-month post-intervention (T3). Data were analyzed by SPSS 16 software. Ethical considerations: This study was conducted in accord with the principles of research ethics and regulations relating to informed consent. Findings: Changes in the mean score of total moral sensitivity were significantly higher in G1 than in G2, which was in turn significantly higher than in G3. This increase was significant from T1 to T2 and T2 to T3 (P < 0.001). In all subscales, there was a significant difference between the mean changes in the three groups, so that in these subscales, the mean changes in G1 were significantly higher than those in other groups. Discussion: In line with previous studies, our results showed the effectiveness of poetry-based education on the transfer of educational concepts and increase moral sensitivity scores with greater lasting effect. Conclusion: The use of interdisciplinary subjects such as poetry, due to its entertaining, fun, and lasting effect on minds; level of awareness; and actions of nurses, can help raise nursing moral sensitivity.

Self-overcoming

This chapter addresses Vimalakirti’s practice of the first four of six pārāmitas, distinct dimensions in which practitioners can overcome the confinements of self-absorption. The bodhisattva is described as engaged in the cultivation of selfless generosity and moral sensitivity to the needs and concerns of others as much as one’s own. It imagines Vimalakirti practicing tolerance and patience with all living beings so that their pursuit of a healthy life is not obstructed or curtailed by his own. Finally, Vimalakirti is pictured as a storehouse of energy, always out in the world offering his assistance to the community.

The Level of Ethical Sensitivity among Jordanian University Students According to their Educational Level & Specialization

This study aimed to investigate the level of ethical sensitivity among Princess Alia University College Students in Jordan and how this is influenced by their educational level and specialization. To achieve the objects of the study, the ethical sensitivity scale questionnaire (ESSQ) was used, as developed by Narvaez (2001). This was used to measure the moral sensitivity of adults and adolescents. It consists of (28) items in seven dimensions, which are the ability to read emotions, to represent the views of others, interest in communication with others, the activation of personal relations, taking into account differences and controlling social prejudice, working to generate interpretations and alternatives, and identifying the consequences of an event and the available options. The sample of the study consisted of (126) randomly selected undergraduate and graduate students. The results of the study showed that the level of ethical sensitivity among Princess Alia University College Students was low, and there were statistically significant differences in the level of ethical sensitivity due to specialization, in favor of humanities students, as well as statistically significant differences in the level of ethical sensitivity due to the educational level, in favor of master’s students.

Patient Safety Silence and Safety Nursing Activities: Mediating Effects of Moral Sensitivity

Among the factors that threaten patient safety and quality of care due to the diversification and complication of hospital environments, nurses play a pivotal role regarding patient safety in the clinical setting. This study investigates the mediating effects of moral sensitivity on the relationship between nurses’ patient safety silence and safety nursing activities and contributes to developing strategies. Nurses (n = 120) employed for at least one year in two university hospitals in Korea between 1 September and 30 October 2020 participated in the study. Data were analyzed using t-test, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and multiple regression using the SPSS/WIN 22.0 program. Additionally, the mediating effects were analyzed using Baron and Kenny’s method and bootstrapping. Safety nursing activities were significantly negatively correlated with patient safety silence and significantly positively correlated with moral sensitivity. Patient safety silence was significantly negatively correlated with moral sensitivity. Moral sensitivity partially mediated the relationship between patient safety silence and safety nursing activities. There is a need to develop and implement individualized ethical programs that enhance moral sensitivity in nurses to promote patient safety nursing activities.