scholarly journals Optimized HPLC -UV Method for Separation, Detection and Quantification of Endocrine Disrupting Estrogens in Low Quality Water

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Sijaona Cassian Msigala ◽  
Faith P Mabiki ◽  
Bjarne Styrishave ◽  
Robinson H Mdegela
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Contaminants ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Health Effect ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Routine Monitoring ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Quality Water ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Detection And Quantification

Endocrine disrupting estrogens are emerging contaminants in aquatic ecosystems and environment in general. There are no guidelines for routine monitoring of these chemicals, despite the existing evidences of their adverse health effect to living organisms at low concentrations. This study aimed at developing and validating an optimized HPLC-UV method for detection and quantification of estradiol and ethinylestradiol. Isocratic elution was used for separation and detection of ethinylestradiol and estradiol. The mobile phase was applied with A; water B; acetonitrile (50:50) at flow rate of 0.7mL/min and injection volume 10mL. The precision and accuracy of the method were within the acceptable range. Relative standard deviation of peak area for E2 ranged from 1.373 to 3.668%, and for EE2 ranged from 0.829 to 6.495 %. The percentage recovery for E2 ranged from 82.3 to 99.84 %, and for EE2 ranged from 84.6 to 103.52 %. Linearity of the method was realized at range of 2.5 to 50 ng/mL and 100 to 1000 ng/mL for both E2 and EE2. The linear regression coefficients were 0.9979 and 0.9973 for E2 whereas for EE2 were 0.9983 and 0.9976. Limit of detection were found to be 0.05 ng/mL and 0.08 ng/mL for E2 and EE2 respectively. The obtained limits of quantification were 0.18 and 0.28 ng/mL for E2 and EE2 respectively. In untreated sewage the concentrations of E2 and EE2 were 0.28 ng/ml and 0.18 ng/ml respectively. But in subsequent wastewater stabilization ponds the concentrations were below detection limit. Therefore, the optimized HPLC-UV method is suitable for detection and quantification of endocrine disrupting estrogens when a level of pollution is at least 0.15 ng/ml. At low extent of pollution would require use of the method in conjunction with ELISA technique.

scholarly journals Carbon and Tin-Based Polyacrylonitrile Hybrid Architecture Solid Phase Microextraction Fiber for the Detection and Quantification of Antibiotic Compounds in Aqueous Environmental Systems

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandip Mondal ◽  
Jialing Jiang ◽  
Yin Li ◽  
Gangfeng Ouyang
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase Microextraction ◽  
Tin Dioxide ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Detection And Quantification

In this study, the detection and quantification of multiple classes of antibiotics in water matrices are proposed using a lab-made solid phase microextraction (SPME) fiber coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The lab-made fiber was prepared using a graphene oxide (G), carbon nanotubes (C), and tin dioxide (T) composite, namely GCT, with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) as supporting material. The detected antibiotics were enrofloxacin, sulfathiazole, erythromycin, and trimethoprim. The custom-made fiber was found to be superior compared with a commercial C18 fiber. The excellent reproducibility and lower intra-fiber relative standard deviations (RSDs 1.8% to 6.8%) and inter-fiber RSDs (4.5% to 8.8%) made it an ideal candidate for the detection of traces of antibiotics in real environmental samples. The proposed validated method provides a satisfactory limit of detection and good linear ranges with higher (>0.99) coefficient of determination in the aqueous system. Application of the method was made in different real water systems such as river, pond and tap water using the standard spiking method. Excellent sensitivity, reproducibility, lower amount of sample detection and higher recovery was found in a real water sample. Therefore, the extraction method was successfully applied to the detection and quantification of multiple classes of antibiotics in different aqueous systems with satisfactory results.

scholarly journals Analysis of Bioavailable Toluene by Using Recombinant Luminescent Bacterial Biosensors with Different Promoters

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guey-Horng Wang ◽  
Teh-Hua Tsai ◽  
Chun-Chi Kui ◽  
Chiu-Yu Cheng ◽  
Tzu-Ling Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Luminescence Intensity ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Measurement Range ◽  
T7 Promoter ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Acceptable Deviation

Abstract In this study, we constructed recombinant luminescent Escherichia coli with T7, T3, and SP6 promoters inserted between tol and lux genes as toluene biosensors and evaluated their sensitivity, selectivity, and specificity for measuring bioavailable toluene in in groundwater and river water. The luminescence intensity of each biosensor depended on temperature, incubation time, ionic strength, and concentrations of toluene and coexisting organic compounds. Toluene induced the highest luminescence intensity in recombinant lux-expressing E. coli with the T7 promoter [T7-lux-E. coli, limit of detection (LOD) = 0.05 μM], followed by that in E. coli with the T3 promoter (T3-lux-E. coli, LOD = 0.2 μM) and SP6 promoter (SP6-lux-E. coli, LOD = 0.5 μM). Luminescence activities may have been synergistically or antagonistically affected by coexisting organic compounds other than toluene; nevertheless, low concentrations of benzoate and toluene analogs had no such effect. In reproducibility experiments, the biosensors had low relative standard deviation (4.3%–5.8%). SP6-lux-E. coli demonstrated high adaptability to environmental interference. T7-lux-E. coli biosensor—with low LOD, wide measurement range (0.05–500 μM), and acceptable deviation (−14.3% to 9.1%)—is an efficient toluene biosensor. This is the first study evaluating recombinant lux E. coli with different promoters for their potential application in toluene measurement in actual water bodies.

Trends in microbial degradation and bioremediation of emerging contaminants

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhuvaneswari Meganathan ◽  
Thirumalaisamy Rathinavel ◽  
Suriyaprabha Rangaraj
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Degradation ◽  
Emerging Contaminants ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Physical Treatment ◽  
Effective Removal ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
New Type ◽  
Living Organisms

Abstract Modernization and modern ways of living demands more improved products from pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and food processing industries. Moreover, industries like pesticides, fertilizers, dyeing, paints, detergent etc., also needs improvised products as per demand. As the new product emerges, the pollutants from these industries also constitute new type of danger to the environment and serious health risks to the living organisms. These emerging contaminants (ECs) are from different category of sources such as personal care products (PCPs), pharmaceuticals (Phcs), endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), etc. These ECs can easily escape from the conventional water treatment and eventually get discharged in to the surface water and thus enters in to the ground water, soil, sediments, and also into the oceans. When these contaminants emerge we also require progress in tremendous process for preventing these hazardous chemicals by effective removal and treatment. For the past 50 years, both developed and developing countries are working on this treatment process and found that Microbial degradation and bioremediation are very useful for effective treatment to prevent their emissions. This treatment can be designed for any sort of ECs since the microbial members are so versatile to redesign their metabolic pathways when subject to exposure. However, implementing bioremediation is not alone efficient to degrade ECs and hence, combination of bioremediation, nanotechnology and physical treatment method will also provide sustainable, potent and fast degradation process. In this Book Chapter, we discuss in detail about the ECs, sources of microbial degradation process and its usefulness in the bioremediation of these ECs.

Techniques for the detection and quantification of emerging contaminants

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanmugasundaram Shyamalagowri ◽  
Natarajan Shanthi ◽  
Jagadeesan Manjunathan ◽  
Murugesan Kamaraj ◽  
Arumugam Manikandan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Contaminants ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Wastewater Sludge ◽  
Environmental Matrices ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Soil Sediment ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Air Sample ◽  
Detection And Quantification

Abstract In recent years, the diverse industrial practices and human inputs widely disseminated emerging contaminants (ECs) throughout environmental matrices, which is of great concern. Even at low concentrations, ECs pose major ecological problems and threaten human health and the environment’s biota. Consequently, people’s interest and concerns on the widespread dissemination of environmentally connected ECs of great concern as developed due to their scientific understanding, technical innovation, and socioeconomic awareness. Increased detection of contaminants may occur from climatic, socioeconomic, and demographic changes and the growing sensitivity of analytical techniques. Hence, this article reviews the determination of ECs in ecological specimens, from aquatic setup (river water, marine water, and wastewater), sludge, soil, sediment, and air. Sample collection and the quality measures are summarized. The preparation of samples, including extraction and cleanup and the subsequent instrumental analysis of ECs, are all covered. Traditional and recent extraction and cleanup applications to analyze ECs in samples are reviewed here in this paper. The detection and quantification of ECs using gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC) linked with various detectors, particularly mass spectrometry (MS), is also summarized and explored, as are other possible techniques. This study aims to give readers a more excellent knowledge of how new and improved approaches are being developed and serve as a resource for researchers looking for the best method for detecting ECs in their studies.

scholarly journals Validated UV-Vis Spectrophotometric Determination of Andrographolide in Herbal Nano-Preparation

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 1985-1988
Author(s):  
Indah Hairunisa ◽  
Muhammad Da'i ◽  
Erindyah Retno Wikantyasning ◽  
Andhika Rizky Gilang Mahaputra ◽  
Normaidah Normaidah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Picric Acid ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Intermediate Precision ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Acid Reagent ◽  
Interday Precision ◽  
Detection And Quantification

Determination of major bioactive compounds in polyphyto-formulation is important for production of standardized herbal products. A fast, simple and inexpensive method for detection and quantification of andrographolide concentration in nanoemulsion preparations containing a combination of Andrographis paniculata (Burm f.) Ness. and Phyllanthus niruri L. has been developed. Detection and quantification were carried out using UV-vis spectrophotometry analysis with picric acid reagent and NaOH (8:2) in methanol solvents, read at maximum wavelength 479 nm with 22 min of incubation time. Validation was done by determine the parameters such as linearity, intra and interday precision, accuracy, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ). The results obtained showed linearity with r = 0.9945 (y = 0.0109x − 0.2066) in the range of 30-80 μg/mL. The accuracy (recovery) varied in the range of 97.15 to 104.42 %. Percentage of relative standard deviation (% RSD) for precision and intermediate precision value were 3.23 and 3.02 % with LOD value 211 μg/mL and the LOQ 705 μg/mL. As a conclusion, this method is suitable to detect andrographolide content in herbal nano-preparation.

scholarly journals Analysis of bioavailable toluene by using recombinant luminescent bacterial biosensors with different promoters

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guey-Horng Wang ◽  
Teh-Hua Tsai ◽  
Chun-Chi Kui ◽  
Chiu-Yu Cheng ◽  
Tzu-Ling Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Luminescence Intensity ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Measurement Range ◽  
T7 Promoter ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Acceptable Deviation

AbstractIn this study, we constructed recombinant luminescent Escherichia coli with T7, T3, and SP6 promoters inserted between tol and lux genes as toluene biosensors and evaluated their sensitivity, selectivity, and specificity for measuring bioavailable toluene in groundwater and river water. The luminescence intensity of each biosensor depended on temperature, incubation time, ionic strength, and concentrations of toluene and coexisting organic compounds. Toluene induced the highest luminescence intensity in recombinant lux-expressing E. coli with the T7 promoter [T7-lux-E. coli, limit of detection (LOD) = 0.05 μM], followed by that in E. coli with the T3 promoter (T3-lux-E. coli, LOD = 0.2 μM) and SP6 promoter (SP6-lux-E. coli, LOD = 0.5 μM). Luminescence may have been synergistically or antagonistically affected by coexisting organic compounds other than toluene; nevertheless, low concentrations of benzoate and toluene analogs had no such effect. In reproducibility experiments, the biosensors had low relative standard deviation (4.3–5.8%). SP6-lux-E. coli demonstrated high adaptability to environmental interference. T7-lux-E. coli biosensor—with low LOD, wide measurement range (0.05–500 μM), and acceptable deviation (− 14.3 to 9.1%)—is an efficient toluene biosensor. This is the first study evaluating recombinant lux E. coli with different promoters for their potential application in toluene measurement in actual water bodies.

scholarly journals Analysis of Bioavailable Toluene by Using Recombinant Luminescent Bacterial Biosensors with Different Promoters

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guey-Horng Wang ◽  
Teh-Hua Tsai ◽  
Chun-Chi Kui ◽  
Chiu-Yu Cheng ◽  
Tzu-Ling Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Luminescence Intensity ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Measurement Range ◽  
T7 Promoter ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Acceptable Deviation

Abstract In this study, we constructed recombinant luminescent Escherichia coli with T7, T3, and SP6 promoters inserted between tol and lux genes as toluene biosensors and evaluated their sensitivity, selectivity, and specificity for measuring bioavailable toluene in groundwater and river water. The luminescence intensity of each biosensor depended on temperature, incubation time, ionic strength, and concentrations of toluene and coexisting organic compounds. Toluene induced the highest luminescence intensity in recombinant lux-expressing E. coli with the T7 promoter [T7-lux-E. coli, limit of detection (LOD) = 0.05 μM], followed by that in E. coli with the T3 promoter (T3-lux-E. coli, LOD = 0.2 μM) and SP6 promoter (SP6-lux-E. coli, LOD = 0.5 μM). Luminescence may have been synergistically or antagonistically affected by coexisting organic compounds other than toluene; nevertheless, low concentrations of benzoate and toluene analogs had no such effect. In reproducibility experiments, the biosensors had low relative standard deviation (4.3%–5.8%). SP6-lux-E. coli demonstrated high adaptability to environmental interference. T7-lux-E. coli biosensor—with low LOD, wide measurement range (0.05–500 μM), and acceptable deviation (−14.3% to 9.1%)—is an efficient toluene biosensor. This is the first study evaluating recombinant lux E. coli with different promoters for their potential application in toluene measurement in actual water bodies.

scholarly journals Analysis of Bioavailable Toluene by Using Recombinant Luminescent Bacterial Biosensors with Different Promoters

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guey-Horng Wang ◽  
Teh-Hua Tsai ◽  
Chun-Chi Kui ◽  
Chiu-Yu Cheng ◽  
Tzu-Ling Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Luminescence Intensity ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Measurement Range ◽  
T7 Promoter ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Acceptable Deviation

Abstract In this study, we constructed recombinant luminescent Escherichia coli with T7, T3, and SP6 promoters inserted between tol and lux genes as toluene biosensors and evaluated their sensitivity, selectivity, and specificity for measuring bioavailable toluene in in groundwater and river water. The luminescence intensity of each biosensor depended on temperature, incubation time, ionic strength, and concentrations of toluene and coexisting organic compounds. Toluene induced the highest luminescence intensity in recombinant lux-expressing E. coli with the T7 promoter [T7-lux-E. coli, limit of detection (LOD) = 0.05 μM], followed by that in E. coli with the T3 promoter (T3-lux-E. coli, LOD = 0.2 μM) and SP6 promoter (SP6-lux-E. coli, LOD = 0.5 μM). Luminescence activities may have been synergistically or antagonistically affected by coexisting organic compounds other than toluene; nevertheless, low concentrations of benzoate and toluene analogs had no such effect. In reproducibility experiments, the biosensors had low relative standard deviation (4.3%–5.8%). SP6-lux-E. coli demonstrated high adaptability to environmental interference. T7-lux-E. coli biosensor—with low LOD, wide measurement range (0.05–500 μM), and acceptable deviation (−14.3% to 9.1%)—is an efficient toluene biosensor. This is the first study evaluating recombinant lux E. coli with different promoters for their potential application in toluene measurement in actual water bodies.

scholarly journals A Colorimetric Dip Strip Assay for Detection of Low Concentrations of Phosphate in Seawater

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 3125
Author(s):  
Hojat Heidari-Bafroui ◽  
Amer Charbaji ◽  
Constantine Anagnostopoulos ◽  
Mohammad Faghri
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Ammonium Molybdate ◽  
Sargasso Sea ◽  
Detection Zone ◽  
Liquid Form ◽  
Limits Of Detection ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Phosphate Detection ◽  
Detection And Quantification

Nutrient pollution remains one of the greatest threats to water quality and imposes numerous public health and ecological concerns. Phosphate, the most common form of phosphorus, is one of the key nutrients necessary for plant growth. However, phosphate concentration in water should be carefully monitored for environmental protection requirements. Hence, an easy-to-use, field-deployable, and reliable device is needed to measure phosphate concentrations in the field. In this study, an inexpensive dip strip is developed for the detection of low concentrations of phosphate in water and seawater. In this device, ascorbic acid/antimony reagent was dried on blotting paper, which served as the detection zone, and was followed by a wet chemistry protocol using the molybdenum method. Ammonium molybdate and sulfuric acid were separately stored in liquid form to significantly improve the lifetime of the device and enhance the reproducibility of its performance. The device was tested with deionized water and Sargasso Sea seawater. The limits of detection and quantification for the optimized device using a desktop scanner were 0.134 ppm and 0.472 ppm for phosphate in water and 0.438 ppm and 1.961 ppm in seawater, respectively. The use of the portable infrared lightbox previously developed at our lab improved the limits of detection and quantification by a factor of three and were 0.156 ppm and 0.769 ppm for the Sargasso Sea seawater. The device’s shelf life, storage conditions, and limit of detection are superior to what was previously reported for the paper-based phosphate detection devices.

Ultrasound-Assisted Ionic Liquid Microextraction for Preconcentration of Cadmium in Water, Vegetables and Hair Samples Prior to FAAS Determination

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1022-1031
Author(s):  
Eman M. Hafez ◽  
Ragaa El Sheikh ◽  
Ali A. Sayqal ◽  
Najla AlMasoud ◽  
Ayman A. Gouda
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Certified Reference Materials ◽  
Standard Addition ◽  
Calibration Graph ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
The Impact

Background:: Cadmium (Cd2+) is considered to be one of the most important hazardous heavy metals due to its toxicity for living organisms at low concentration levels. Therefore, the estimation of trace Cd2+ in different types of various samples is a very important objective for chemists using effective methods. In the present work, a novel, green, easy and fast ultrasoundassisted ionic liquid-dispersive liquid phase microextraction technique (UA-IL-DLPME) was developed to preconcentrate and determine trace quantities of cadmium (Cd2+) ions from real samples, prior to detection by FAAS. Methods: The proposed technique is based on utilization of ionic liquid (IL) (1-hexyl-3- methylimidazolium tris(pentafluoroethyl)trifluorophosphate [HMIM][FAP]) as an extraction solvent for Cd2+ ions after complexation with 2-(6-methylbenzothiazolylazo)-6-nitrophenol (MBTANP) at pH 7.0. The impact of different analytical parameters on the microextraction efficiency was investigated. The validation of the proposed procedure was verified by the test of two certified reference materials (TMDA-51.3 fortified water, SRM spinach leaves 1570A) applying the standard addition method. Results: In the range of 2.0-200 μg L−1, the calibration graph was linear. Limit of detection, preconcentration factor and the relative standard deviation (RSD %, 100 μg L-1, n=5) as precision was 0.1 μg L-1, 100 and 3.1%, respectively. Conclusion: Green UA-IL-DLPME method was developed and applied to preconcentrate and determine trace quantities of Cd2+ in real water, vegetables and hair samples with satisfactory results.

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