scholarly journals Genetic Variability and Correlation of Biochemical and Sensory Characteristics of Coffee

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Jane Jerono Cheserek ◽  
Kahiu Ngugi ◽  
James Wanjohi Muthomi ◽  
Chrispine Ogutu Omondi ◽  
Cecelia Wakigondi Kathurima
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Coffee Bean ◽  
Chlorogenic Acids ◽  
Coffee Beans ◽  
Specialty Coffee ◽  
High Heritability

Organoleptic and biochemical attributes in the coffee bean determine the final cup quality of coffee which is a critical factor in the price determination of coffee in the market. The study aimed at determining the genetic variability of the green coffee bean. The trial sites were located at Siaya and Busia counties in Kenya. Nineteen different genotypes were established and included Arabusta coffee hybrids, backcrosses of Arabica to tetraploid Robusta, Arabica coffee, Robusta coffee, and Arabusta coffee. Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications in each site was used in conducting the experiment. The coffee beans were harvested in the year 2018 and extraction and calculation of sucrose, trigonelline, caffeine, and chlorogenic acids was carried using the recommended methods. The cupping procedure involved the use of five judges in assessing the flavor, aroma, balance, overall standard, acidity, body, and aftertaste of the roasted coffee beans. The sensory evaluation used the Specialty Coffee Association (SCA) method. There were significant variations recorded for the traits that were measured. All the traits were highly heritable registering values of > 50% for heritability whereby, caffeine and oil were highly heritable traits with 90.8% and 88.9% respectively. Oil had a high phenotypic coefficient of variation, genotypic variation, and response values when compared to the other traits. All the organoleptic traits were positively correlated with sucrose, trigonelline, and oil but the correlation with caffeine and chlorogenic acids was negative. The genotypic effects contributed largely to the high heritability recorded with a low influence from the environmental factors.

scholarly journals Daya Hambat Ekstrak Biji Kopi Robusta (Coffea Canephora) terhadap Bakteri Porphyromonas gingivalis (in vitro)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Rr. Nektara Titan Dianastri ◽  
Pudji Astuti ◽  
Rendra Chriestedy Prasetya
Keyword(s):  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Coffea Canephora ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Coffee Bean ◽  
Chlorogenic Acids ◽  
Robusta Coffee ◽  
Coffee Beans

Periodontitis is mostly caused by plaque and Pophyromonas gingivalis bacteria as the main cause. The outer membrane layer of the Porphyromonas gingivalis wall produces pathogenic virulence factors, such as lipopolysaccharides which will activate inflammatory cells and cause phagocytosis of antigens thereby triggering free radicals. Robusta coffee beans naturally contain caffeine, phenolic compounds, trigonellin, and chlorogenic acids as antibacterial and anti-inflammatory. The purpose of this study was to determine the inhibition of Robusta (Coffea canephora) coffee bean extract 0.5%; 0.75%; 1%; 1.25%; 1.5% and 3% on the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis in vitro and to find out the lowest concentration of Robusta (Coffea canephora) coffee bean extract which has inhibitory effect on the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis. In this study were divided into 8 treatment groups namely positive control, negative control, 0.5% robusta coffee bean extract, 0.75%, 1%, 1.25%, 1.5% and 3%. Petridish dishes containing TSA media that have been sterilized, added P. gingivalis suspension with density according to Mc standard. Farland Then a sterile white test blank with a diameter of 6 mm that is still sterile is placed on top of the bacterial growth media in accordance with the placement of the treatment group and dropped with all 8 treatment materials. After 24 hours incubated in a desiccator, the inhibition of robusta coffee bean extracts against the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis bacteria was observed and data collection was done by measuring the inhibition zone using calipers. The results obtained robusta coffee bean extract at concentrations of 3%, 1.5%, 1.25% and 1%, have an antibacterial power which is suspected because Robusta coffee beans naturally contain ingredients such as caffeine, polyphenols and chlorogenic acids which have antibacterial activity while the robusta coffee bean extract with a concentration of 0.5% and 0.75% does not have antibacterial power against Pophyromonas gingivalis. Robusta coffee bean extract with a concentration of 1% is the smallest concentration of Robusta (Coffea canephora) coffee bean extract which can inhibit the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis.

scholarly journals Genetic Variability, Character Association and Path Analysis in Boro Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Germplasm from Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
MZ Islam ◽  
T Chakrabarty ◽  
N Akter ◽  
ESMH Rashid ◽  
M Khalequzzaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Positive Significant Correlation ◽  
Boro Rice

The success of varietal development programmme largely depends on the nature and magnitude of genetic variability, heritability and characters association of the crop. The objective of the present study was to estimate the extent of genetic variability and relation between yield and related characters of rice. Forty Boro rice germplasm were evaluated in a randomised complete block design with three replications. Analysis of variance indicated significant differences among the genotypes for 14 quantitative characters. The presence of slightly higher phenotypic coefficient of variation than genotypic coefficient of variation indicated the negligible influence of environment on the expression of yield and its component traits. Leaf length, days to flowering, days to maturity and 1000 grain weight showed highly positive significant correlation present with yield hill-1. High heritability had been observed for yield contributing traits during the study, suggested that these traits would respond to selection owing to their high genetic variability and transmissibility. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the inheritance of traits, their heritability and relationship with other important characteristics is important for the choice of breeding and selection methods for crop improvement. Bangladesh Rice j. 2018, 22(1): 35-43

Genetic Variability for Pod Yield and Component Traits in Sugar Snaps (Pisum sativum var. saccharatum)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Chauhan ◽  
Akhilesh Sharma ◽  
Parveen Sharma ◽  
Viveka Katoch ◽  
Sanjay Chadha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Internodal Length ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Horticultural Traits ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Positive Direct

Background: Edible podded pea is an oriental vegetable crop which shares the cultivation pattern with the garden pea. Fresh tender pods lacking parchment layer are consumed whole like beans. It is a newly introduced crop in India and therefore, it would be imperative to identify the most promising genotypes vis-à-vis traits of interest, those contributing towards maximization of yield. The present investigation was, therefore, planned to assess the genetic parameters of variability for pod yield and related horticultural traits in order to identify the most promising edible pod pea genotypesMethods: Thirty six genotypes comprising of 29 F7 advanced breeding lines and nine lines from different institutes including three checks namely, ‘Arka Apoorva’, ‘Arka Sampoorna’ and ‘Mithi Phali’ were evaluated in randomized complete block design over three replications during winters 2016-2017 at C.S.K. Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur for pod yield and related horticultural traits.Result: Sufficient genetic variability was observed for all morphological and yield contributing attributes. The magnitude of phenotypic (PCV) and genotypic (GCV) coefficients of variation were high for pod yield while branches per plant, internodal length, harvest duration and pods per plant showed high PCV and moderate GCV. High heritability along with high genetic advance was observed for internodal length, plant height, average pod weight and pod yield per plant indicating the importance of additive gene action. Pod yield per plant revealed positive correlation at both phenotypic and genotypic levels with pods per plant, average pod weight, pod length and pod breadth. Pods per plant and average pod weight at both phenotypic and genotypic levels had maximum positive direct and indirect effects to the total association of component traits suggesting the importance of these traits towards pod yield. 

scholarly journals Genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for growth, yield and yield related traits in maize genotypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-104
Author(s):  
Roshesh Rai ◽  
Prakash Khanal ◽  
Prabin Chaudhary ◽  
Rabin Dhital
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Ear Height

Evaluation of the genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance of traits is an essential task in any plant improvement program. Twenty maize genotypes were replicated twice in a randomized complete block design on a research plot of Prithu Technical College, Deukhuri Dang of Nepal from June 2017 to September 2017 to determine genetic variability, heritability, and genetic advance for different agronomic traits. Analysis of variance showed significant differences in the traits tassel length, ear height, days to fifty percent tasseling, days to fifty percent silking, kernels’ rows ear-1, kernels row-1 and grain yield. The highest GCV (31.53%) and PCV (39.20%) were recorded on grain yield. Grain yield and ear height recorded high heritability along with high genetic advance as a percent of mean (GAM). Tassel length and kernels row-1 showed high heritability integrated with moderate GAM and moderate heritability integrated with moderate GAM respectively. Further, grain yield showed a significant and positive correlation with plant height, tassel length, ear height, cob length, cob diameter, kernels’ rows ear-1, and kernels row-1. Thus the selection of ear height, tassel length and kernels row-1 is suggested as they performed better in terms of both heritability and GAM than other traits and they also recorded a significant and positive correlation with yield.

scholarly journals Genetic variability and yield components of yard long bean (Vigna unguiculata var. sesquipedalis L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-122
Author(s):  
Zakia Sultana ◽  
Nahid Ahmed ◽  
Mohammad Saiful Islam ◽  
Abdur Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Pod Number

Yard long bean (Vigna unguiculata var. sesquipedalis L.) is one of the important leguminous vegetables in Bangladesh. However, yield of this vegetable is much lower in Bangladesh compared to other yard long beangrowing countries. Therefore, it is crucial to improve the yield of this vegetable. In the present study, genetic variability, heritability, character association and genetic diversity were evaluated on randomized complete block design with three replications among seven-yard-long bean genotypes. The genotypes were significantly variable for the studied characters. High genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation was observed in number of pods per plant and pod yield per plant. Accordingly, high heritability together with high genetic advance in percent of mean was observed in number of pod per plant, pod diameter and hundred seed weight. The correlation studies revealed that pod yield per plant showed significant positive correlation with number of seed per pod, number of pods per plant while significantly negative correlation with days to marketable harvest at both genotypic and phenotypic level. Path analysis revealed days to first flowering, days to maturity, number of pods per plant, pod weight and number of seeds per pod had direct positive effect on pod yield per plant. The studied genotypes were clustered into 3 groups with highest of inter-cluster distance between cluster I and III while lowest between cluster II and III. The genotypes of cluster I exhibited higher mean performance while lower in cluster III for important traits including pod yield per plant.

scholarly journals Keragaman genetik dan heritabilitas karakter komponen hasil dan hasil ciplukan (Physalis sp.)

Jurnal Agro ◽  
10.15575/1864 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Effendy Effendy ◽  
Respatijarti Respatijarti ◽  
Budi Waluyo
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Wide Variability ◽  
Medical Plant ◽  
High Heritability

Ciplukan (Physalis sp.) merupakan salah satu tumbuhan yang potensial untuk dikembangkan sebagai sumber biofarmaka dan buah di Indonesia. Peningkatan produksi ini dapat dilakukan melalui penyediaan varietas-varietas unggul ciplukan dengan meningkatkan kapasitas genetik melalui program pemuliaan tanaman. Pemuliaan tanaman akan berhasil jika terdapat keragaman genetik yang luas dan heritabilitas tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari keragaman genetik dan heritabilitas pada karakter komponen hasil dan hasil ciplukan. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan 34 aksesi ciplukan sebagai perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Areng-Areng, Kecamatan Junrejo, Kota Batu pada bulan Mei - September 2017. Karakter pada tanaman ciplukan ada yang mempunyai keragaman luas dan ada yang mempunyai keragaman sempit. Keragaman yang luas terdapat pada tinggi batang, jumlah bunga per tanaman, bobot per buah tanpa kelopak, bobot per buah dengan kelopak, jumlah buah per tanaman, jumlah buah segar per tanaman, bobot buah per tanaman dan bobot buah segar per tanaman. Keragaman yang sempit terdapat pada karakter diameter batang, jumlah cabang tersier, jumlah bunga per cabang tersier, panjang tangkai buah, panjang kelopak, diameter kelopak, panjang buah, diameter buah, dan kemanisan buah. Nilai heritabilitas pada semua karakter termasuk kriteria tinggi. Hal ini menunjukkan pengaruh genetik lebih besar dibandingkan dengan faktor fenotip pada penampilan karakter tanaman ciplukan. Ciplukan (Physalis sp.) is one of the potential plant to be developed as a source of medical plant and fruit in Indonesia. Increase production of this plant can be done through the provision of improved varieties of ciplukan by increasing the genetic capacity through plant breeding programs. Plant breeding will be successful if there is high genetic variability and heritability. This study aimed to study genetic variability and heritability on the character of yield component and yield in Physalis. The experiment used a randomized block design with 34 accessions of ciplukan as treatment repeated three times. The research was conducted in Areng-Areng sub-district, Junrejo District, Batu City from May until September 2017. Characters in ciplukan plants have wide and narrow variability. Characters that have a wide variability are stem height, number of flower per plant, number of fruits per plant, number of fruits per plant, weight per fruit without husks, weight per fruit with husk, weight of fruit per plant, and weight of fresh fruit per plant. Characters that have narrow variability are stem diameter, number of tertiary branching, number of flower per tertiary branching, length of fruit stalk, husk length, husk diameter, fruit length, fruit diameter, and sweetness. All characters have high heritability. This shows a greater genetic influence compared to phenotypic factors on the appearance of ciplukan characters. Physalis, genetic variablity, heritabilityKey words : 

scholarly journals Genetic variability analysis for various yield attributing traits in rice genotypes

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
MM Rashid ◽  
M Nuruzzaman ◽  
L Hassan ◽  
SN Begum
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Selection For

An experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design to estimate genetic variability of ten rice genotypes. Analysis of variance for yield and yield contributing traits showed significant (p<0.01) variation among the genotypes. Results of genetic analyses showed a higher phenotypic coefficient of variation compared to their corresponding genotypic coefficient of variation for all the traits measured, which indicates that the traits were influenced by environment. The magnitude of difference between phenotypic coefficient of variance (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variance (GCV) was less for the traits indicating little influence of environment. The higher estimates of PCV and GCV were observed for number of filled grains panicle–1 (27.53; 26.84), number of unfilled grains panicle–1 (26.76;25.28) and plant height (23.14; 23.00) indicates possibility of genetic improvement through direct selection for these traits, while days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, panicle length, number of effective tillers plant–1, fertility (%), 1000 Seed weight and yield panicle–1 showed low PCV and GCV values indicating the need for creation of variability by hybridization or mutation followed by selection. High heritability values (>60%) along with high genetic advance and genetic advance as percentage of mean were found for all the traits indicating prevalence of additive gene action, which provides good scope for further improvement by selection.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 15(1): 15-19, January 2017

scholarly journals Agronomic characterization and responses to coffeeleaf rust in coffee progenies resistant to the gall nematode Meloidogyne exigua

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 671
Author(s):  
Ramiro Machado Rezende ◽  
Gladyston Rodrigues Carvalho ◽  
Alex Mendonça de Carvalho ◽  
Antonio Nazareno Mendes ◽  
Sônia Maria Lima Salgado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Coffee Production ◽  
Hemileia Vastatrix ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Coffee Beans ◽  
Coffee Leaf Rust ◽  
Specialty Coffee ◽  
Good Potential

The aim of this study was to determine agronomic characteristics and responses to the coffee leaf rust fungus (Hemileia vastatrix Berk. et Br.) in coffee progenies resistant to the gall nematode Meloidogyne exigua. The experiment was conducted in December 2000 at Ouro Verde Farm (FazendaOuro Verde), located in the municipality of Campos Altos – Minas Gerais (MG). Ten F3:4 progenies were evaluated. They were derived from crosses between CIFC 2570 Timor Hybrid selections and Catuaí cultivars known to be resistant to M. exigua. The Catuaí Vermelho IAC 99 cultivar served as a control. A randomized block design with three replicates was used. In total, there were thirty-three plots consisting of eight plants each. The following characteristics were assessed between the harvests of 2011/2012 and 2014/2015: (a) yield expressed as processed coffee bags ha-1; (b) rust incidence and severity; (c) vegetative vigor; (d) percentage of coffee fruits at the “cherry” stage; (e) percentage of floaters; (f) crown diameter; (g) percentage of coffee beans of size sieve 17 and higher; and (h) sensory analysis of the coffee beverage. The results indicated the following: (a) the H514-7-14-2, H514-7-4-5, H493-1-2-2, H514-7-16-3, H514-7-8-11, H518-2-10-1, and H514-5-2-4 progenies were the most productive; (b) all progenies showed promising resistance to coffee leaf rust; (c) all genotypes had the potential for specialty coffee production; (d) the H493-1-2-2 progeny showed resistance both to rust and the nematode, and has good potential for specialty coffee production; and (e) the yields of the H514-7-8-11, H518-2-10-1, H514-5-2-4, H514-7-16-3, H514-7-14-2, H514-7-4-5, and H493-1-2-2 progenies were significantly higher than that of the Catuaí IAC 99 control.

scholarly journals Estimates of Genetic Variability in Selected Advanced Breeding Lines of Groundnut for Morphological, Yield and Its Contributing Traits under Imposed End-of-Season Drought Stress

2020 ◽  
pp. 108-118
Author(s):  
G. Chandrashekhara ◽  
Hasanali Nadaf ◽  
B. N. Harish Babu
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Control Block ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Pod Development ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Pod Development Stage

Aim: To study genetic variability for morphological, yield and its contributing traits in forty groundnut genotypes. Study Design: Randomized complete block design with two replications. Place and Duration of Study: College of Horticulture, Hiriyur, University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Navile, Shivamogga, Karnataka, India during Rabi 2016-17. Methodology: Forty genotypes of groundnut were evaluated under irrigated and imposed end-season drought conditions. Crop was taken care as per recommended package of practices. Stress was imposed by withholding irrigation at pod development stage (@90DAS) for 20 days in drought block. However, control block was provided with regular irrigations. Observations on different morphological, yield and its related traits were recorded on randomly sampled five plants per genotype per replication in both stress-full and stress-free environments. The mean data was subjected to statistical analysis using Genstat 14.1 software. Results: The analysis of variance revealed that highly significant differences observed for all the traits even at p <0.01 level indicating the sufficient variability exist among the entries for the traits under study. High genotypic and phenotypic co-efficient of variation, high heritability coupled with high genetic advance over mean was observed for number pods per plant, immature pods per plant, pod yield per plant and hectare, harvest index, kernel yield per plant, fresh weight of seedlings and kernels per plant under moisture deficit condition. Conclusion: It’s a clear evidence for lesser influence of environment and predominance additive gene action in germplasm for these traits which offers opportunity for selection, unvaryingly direct selection for these traits could be effective for developing high yielding drought tolerant genotypes.

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