Selection for High Yield and Stability among Early Maturing Greengram Genotypes

Obtaining early-maturing soybean cultivars with high yield performance has long been the focus of breeding programs. Obtaining the estimates of genetic and phenotypic parameters can assist breeders at selecting the superior genotypes. Therefore, the aim was to estimate the genetic and phenotypic parameters of progenies throughout the recurrent selection for early maturity in soybeans and to select progenies with superior agronomic traits. S0:1 progenies were evaluated in one site during the 2015/2016 harvest using a 12 × 12 lattice design, with one 2-meter row plot with two replicates. The S0:2 progenies were evaluated during the 2016/2017 harvest using an 8 × 8 lattice design, with one 3-meter row plot with three replicates. The S0:3 progenies were evaluated during the 2017/2018 harvest using a 5 × 5 lattice design, with two 3-meter rows plots with three replicates. Both S0:2 and S0:3 progenies were evaluated in three different sites. The days to flowering, full maturity, first pod insertion height, plant height, lodging index and grain yield traits was evaluated. The data were analyzed using a mixed model approach. The genetic and phenotypic parameters, expected gain with selection, realized heritability, correlated response and the frequency distributions of the adjusted means were estimated. The estimates of the variance components have evidenced variability among the progenies, enabling the selection of superior genotypes. All the evaluated progenies showed good agronomic performance, combining early maturity and productive performance. When early-maturing progenies were selected, there was a reduction in days to flowering, plant height, first pod insertion height, lodging and yield.

Download Full-text

The Thermal Time Concept as a Selection Criterion for Earliness in Peanut1

Peanut Science ◽

10.3146/i0095-3679-19-1-2 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 7-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

M. J. Vasudeva Rao ◽

S. N. Nigam ◽

A. K. S. Huda

Keyword(s):

Selection Criterion ◽

Thermal Time ◽

High Yield ◽

Early Maturity ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Early Maturing ◽

Determination Methods ◽

Stress Environment ◽

Selection For ◽

Time Accumulation

Abstract Breeding early-maturing cultivars is an important objective of many peanut breeding programs in the world. Most programs use subjective maturity determination methods in selection for earliness. This paper describes a procedure developed at ICRISAT to select early-maturing, high-yielding peanut cultivars based on thermal time accumulation by the crop. In this procedure, cultivars were harvested when the crop was exposed to a predetermined cumulative thermal time (CTT), and selections were made for high yield with acceptable levels of maturity-related traits in a no-stress environment. The predetermined CTT values used in selection for early-maturity represented a 20-day shorter crop duration than for the medium-maturing lines. Based on a 13-year meteorological record, the two predetermined CTTs, (1240 and 1470 °Cd (degree-days) equate to 75- and 90-day durations, respectively, at ICRISAT Center, Patancheru, India in the rainy season (mid June to mid October). It is expected that this procedure could prove useful in peanut breeding to select for earliness.

Download Full-text

Cassava genotypes selection for high yield and high starch content in advanced yield trials

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/733/1/012127 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 733 (1) ◽

pp. 012127

Author(s):

T S Wahyuni ◽

K Noerwijati

Keyword(s):

Starch Content ◽

High Yield ◽

High Starch Content ◽

High Starch ◽

Selection For ◽

Yield Trials

Download Full-text

Early generation selection strategy for yield and yield components in white oat

Scientia Agricola ◽

10.1590/s0103-90162005000400009 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 62 (4) ◽

pp. 357-365 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Giovani Benin ◽

Fernando Irajá Félix de Carvalho ◽

Antônio Costa de Oliveira ◽

Claudir Lorencetti ◽

Igor Pires Valério ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Indirect Selection ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Yield Potential ◽

High Yield ◽

Direct Selection ◽

Selection Strategy ◽

Breeding Method ◽

Growing Seasons ◽

Selection For

Several studies have searched for higher efficiency on plant selection in generations bearing high frequency of heterozygotes. This work aims to compare the response of direct selection for grain yield, indirect selection through average grain weight and combined selection for higher yield potential and average grain weight of oat plants (Avena sativa L.), using the honeycomb breeding method. These strategies were applied in the growing seasons of 2001 and 2002 in F3 and F4 populations, respectively, in the crosses UPF 18 CTC 5, OR 2 <FONT FACE=Symbol>´</FONT> UPF 7 and OR 2 <FONT FACE=Symbol>´</FONT> UPF 18. The ten best genetic combinations obtained for each cross and selection strategy were evaluated in greenhouse yield trials. Selection of plants with higher yield and average grain weight might be performed on early generations with high levels of heterozygosis. The direct selection for grain yield and indirect selection for average grain weight enabled to increase the average of characters under selection. However, genotypes obtained through direct selection presented lower average grain weight and those obtained through the indirect selection presented lower yield potential. Selection strategies must be run simultaneously to combine in only one genotype high yield potential and large grain weight, enabling maximum genetic gain for both characters.

Download Full-text

Simultaneous selection for high yield and stability in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) genotypes

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859602001946 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 138 (3) ◽

pp. 249-253 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

F. MEKBIB

Keyword(s):

Common Bean ◽

Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽

Yield Stability ◽

High Yield ◽

Environment Interaction ◽

Yield Performance ◽

Simultaneous Selection ◽

Selection For ◽

Stability Statistics ◽

Selection Of

Phenotypic yield stability is a trait of special interest for plant breeders and farmers. This value can be quantified if genotypes are evaluated in different environments. Common bean is the main cash crop and protein source of farmers in many lowland and mid-altitude areas of Ethiopia. An experiment was undertaken to evaluate common bean genotypes for yield performance at Alemaya, Bako and Nazreth in Ethiopia for 3 years. The yield performance of genotypes was subjected to stability analysis and yield-stability statistics were generated to aid the selection of genotypes that were high yielding and very stable. The significant genotype by environment interaction indicated that the relative performance of the varieties altered in the different environments. Genotype yield performance varied ranging from 1511–2216 kg/ha. Simultaneous selection for yield and yield-stability statistics using YS(i) statistics indicated that A 410, GLP x92, Mx-2500-19, G 2816, A-195, 997-CH-1173, Diacol calima, ICA 15541 and AND 635 were both high yielding and stable. Following this study, using farmers’ evaluation and other criteria, GLP x92 and G-2816 were identified as preferred genotypes and were released for further production.

Download Full-text

Genetic Variability Studies in M5 Generations of Determinate Early Maturing Cluster Bean [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub] (MDU-1) Mutants for Yield and Yield Attributing Characters

Legume Research - An International Journal ◽

10.18805/lr-4758 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Devi Suresh ◽

M. Ananthan ◽

C. Vanniarajan ◽

P. Balasubramanian ◽

T. Sivakumar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gamma Rays ◽

High Yield ◽

Cyamopsis Tetragonoloba ◽

Variability Analysis ◽

Cluster Bean ◽

Bean Variety ◽

Early Maturing ◽

Per Se ◽

Mutant Lines ◽

Different Doses

Background: MDU-1 is a high yielding, indeterminate cluster bean variety. In order to develop determinate mutant with high yield, MDU-1 cluster bean variety was irradiated using gamma rays, electron beam and combination of gamma rays and EMS with different doses and the variability induced in M5 generations were studied. Methods: Twenty one best individual plants from M4 generation were selected based on plant height and higher yield and forwarded to M5 generation where they were evaluated in RBD with three replications. Fourteen non-segregating mutant lines with desirable traits were identified in M5 generation and were evaluated for variability along with the parent MDU1. Result: Five best mutant lines namely ACMC-020-04, ACMC-020-11, ACMC-020-08, ACMC-020-10 and ACMC-020-11 were selected from the 14 accessions based on per se performance and variability analysis. The selected mutants needs to be forwarded for stability testing in different environments.

Download Full-text

Integrating Conventional and Participatory Breeding Approaches in Assessment of Common Bean Varieties for Farmer Preffered Traits

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v11n5p104 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 104

Author(s):

Papias H. Binagwa ◽

Magdalena William ◽

Julius P. Mbiu ◽

Eunice Zakayo ◽

Shida M. Nestory ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Common Bean ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Selection Process ◽

Block Design ◽

Group Discussion ◽

High Yield ◽

Market Demand ◽

Variety Selection ◽

Early Maturing ◽

Participatory Variety Selection

It is estimated that over 75% of rural households in Tanzania depend on common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) for daily subsistence. Recently, farmers have been increasingly looking for improved bean varieties which meet specific market demands characterized with yellow seed colour, early maturing and/or adapted to local agro-ecologies. Study focused on assessing the performance of bean varieties for agronomic traits through variety and environmental interactions by identifying high yielding, ealy maturing and market demand seed classes among the tested materials. For testing adaptability and stability, experiments were conducted in low to high altitudes for two consecutive years using randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. Eight common bean varieties KG98, Navy line 1, KATB9, SABRYT, KATB1, Lyamungu 85, JESCA and Calima Uyole were used. Absolute, matrix and pairwise ranking were used integratively for farmers’ and researcher’s assessment and selection. Participatory variety selection approach gave farmers an opportunity to assess and select varieties from a range of near finished materials in the breeding process. As part of the Farmers’ participatory variety selection process, seventeen participants as among the consumers 46% being women were selected to participate in a focused group discussion. Results revealed that, days to flowering, days to maturity and yield across the tested environments showed significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) as well as yield and diseases interactions for genotype, environment and season. Field data and farmers’ assessment data showed two varieties of KATB1 (yellow round) and KATB9 (red round) for better performance (high yield) and grain preference respectively. It showed that, early maturing; seed type and marketability varieties are highly demanded by bean farmers in Tanzania.

Download Full-text

Selecting for earliness and yield in sorghum at different sites

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps91-024 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 71 (1) ◽

pp. 191-194 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S. Plett ◽

L. A. Nelson ◽

M. D. Clegg

Keyword(s):

Sorghum Bicolor ◽

Key Words ◽

Early Maturity ◽

Early Maturing ◽

Short Season ◽

Selection For ◽

Different Origins ◽

Sorghum Bicolor L ◽

Selection Of

Feasibility of selection of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] lines in a long–season environment for early maturity and yield was studied. Fifty-seven male lines from three different origins and F1 progenies produced by crossing the lines to three early-maturing female lines were used for these evaluations. Lines selected for yield had highest yield in a long-season environment but showed no yield advantage in short-season areas. There were lines from all three origins which should be useful in the locations tested. Selection for earliness and yield appeared feasible in a long season area. Key words: Heritability, correlation

Download Full-text

The association of dry-matter yield with nitrogen and soluble-carbohydrate concentration in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600039071 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 93 (3) ◽

pp. 657-667 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

J. Valentine ◽

A. H. Charles

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Concentration ◽

High Yield ◽

Soluble Carbohydrate ◽

Nitrogen Application ◽

Simple Correlation ◽

Nitrogen Levels ◽

Carbohydrate Concentration ◽

Growth Room ◽

Selection For ◽

Low Nitrogen

SUMMARYThe associations between yield, nitrogen and soluble-carbohydrate concentration within S. 23 perennial ryegrass were investigated at three levels of nitrogen application. Controlled growth room conditions were used.The simple correlation between yield and nitrogen concentration was negative at the low rate of nitrogen application, not present at the intermediate rate of nitrogen and positive though not significant at the high rate of nitrogen. Yield and soluble-carbohydrate concentration were only correlated (positively) at the low nitrogen rate.At low nitrogen there were ‘efficient’ genotypes with relatively high yield and low nitrogen concentration. ‘Inefficient’ genotypes had relatively low yields and high nitrogen concentration. The majority of genotypes were neither markedly efficient or inefficient. The efficient genotypes at low nitrogen maintained their yield advantage at higher nitrogen levels with average nitrogen concentration and high numbers of tillers. Inefficient genotypes remained relatively stable in yield, numbers of tillers and nitrogen concentration.Partial correlation indicated an underlying high degree of dependence between yield, nitrogen and soluble-carbohydrate concentration at all nitrogen levels. The association of yield and nitrogen concentration showed a similar trend over nitrogen levels to that obtained using simple correlation. Yield and soluble-carbohydrate concentration were positively related, and nitrogen and soluble-carbohydrate concentration inversely related, when the effects of the remaining attribute were eliminated.Data extracted from Lee et al. (1977) confirmed that yield and nitrogen concentration for varieties under field conditions varied with level of nitrogen application in a similar manner to genotypes in the controlled growth room. The variety (Melle) could be characterized as being particularly efficient.Both sets of results indicate that selection for high yield of nitrogen in herbage can best be achieved through selection for yield alone.

Download Full-text