scholarly journals Understanding the Vegetable Contamination Process with Parasites from Wastewater Irrigation and Its Impact on Human Health in Hidalgo, Mexico

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Saúl Montero-Aguirre ◽  
Iourii Nikolskii-Gavrilov ◽  
Cesáreo Landeros-Sánchez ◽  
Oscar Luis Palacios-Vélez ◽  
L. Traversoni-Domínguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Hymenolepis Diminuta ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Potential Harm ◽  
Helminth Eggs ◽  
Bibliographic Data ◽  
The City ◽  
Irrigation Waters

<p>The use of untreated municipal wastewaters for irrigating agricultural crops negatively affects human health. Thus, the sewage effluent from the city of Pachuca, in the state of Hidalgo, Mexico, used for agricultural purposes was the most important reason to undertake this research work, whose main objective was to understand the process that involves its current use as irrigation water, and the potential harm to human health because the raw vegetables produced using this irrigation scheme are being consumed by the general public. The content of fecal coliforms and helminth eggs in wastewaters were determined and the level of parasitological contamination of vegetables and the potential number of people affected was estimated due to the consumption of raw produce without proper pretreatment, a common practice in Mexico. The potential level of parasitological contamination of vegetables was estimated by analyzing bibliographic data collected under similar climatic and technological conditions as in Pachuca. Results indicate that the level of wastewater contamination from fecal coliforms in Pachuca was 5000 times higher than the maximum permissible level based on Mexican standards for irrigation waters, and for <em>Ascaris lumbricoides</em> L. and <em>Hymenolepis diminuta</em> (Rudolphi) eggs up to 64 times. The number of persons potentially infected through consumption of raw vegetables irrigated with this contaminated water was estimated to be 169,000 annually.</p>

Physicochemical and bacteriological characterization of hospital effluents and their impact on the environment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Hospital Effluents ◽  
Biological Contaminants ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Direct Discharge ◽  
Significant Chemical

Liquid effluents discharged by hospitals may contain chemical and biological contaminants whose main source is the different substances used for the treatment of patients. This type of rejection can present a sanitary potentially dangerous risk for human health and can provoke a strong degradation of diverse environmental compartments mainly water and soils. The present study focuses on the quality of the liquid effluents of Hassani Abdelkader’s hospital of Sidi Bel-Abbes (West of Algeria). The results reveal a significant chemical pollution (COD: 879 mgO2/L, BOD5: 850 mgO2/L, NH4+ : 47.9 mg/l, NO2- : 4.2 mg/l, NO3- : 56.8 mg/l with respect to WHO standard of 90 mgO2/L, 30 mgO2/L, 0.5 mg/l, 1 mg/l and 1 mg/l respectively). However, these effluents are biodegradable since the ratio COD/BOD5 do not exceeded the value of 2 in almost all samples. The presence of pathogen germs is put into evidence such as pseudomonas, the clostridium, the staphylococcus, the fecal coliforms and fecal streptococcus. These results show that the direct discharge of these effluents constitutes a major threat to human health and the environment.

Levels of Radon in Different Types of Juices Are Different In Origin Consumed and Effective on Human Health in the City of Hilla-Babel-Iraq

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
LAKEN H.A. ◽  
AHMED. Y. ALI ◽  
INAAM H. KADHIM ◽  
MOHAMMED R. KAHLIL ◽  
NASIR HUSSAIN
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The City

Wastewater Treatment by Stabilization Ponds with and without Macrophytes under Arid Climate

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 177-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Mandi ◽  
N. Ouazzani ◽  
K. Bouhoum ◽  
A. Boussaid
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Arid Climate ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Experimental Systems ◽  
Helminth Eggs ◽  
Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Treated Effluents ◽  
Summer Time ◽  
Influent Flow

This paper presents a comparative study of two experimental systems, stabilization ponds without macrophytes and macrophytic ponds, to purify wastewater under arid climate of Marrakesh. Organic load (COD, TSS), bacterial load (SF, CF) and parasitical load (helminth eggs) are significantly reduced in both systems. Even though water loss was more important at the macrophytic ponds (evapotranspiration reaches 60% of influent flow), this system shows generally the best efficiency in purifying wastewater. In summer time, TSS and COD depletion is better on macrophytic ponds (TSS: 95%, COD: 87%). The stabilization ponds are more efficient to reduce nutrients: NH4+: 72%. PO4: 63% at the same period. Fecal streptococci and fecal coliforms are reduced more in stabilization ponds (CF: 99.4%, SF: 99.7%) than macrophytic ponds (CF: 96.2%, SF: 94.7%). No helminth eggs were found in the effluent from either system. The two systems ensure optimal removal of parasites allowing the eventual reuse of the treated effluents for agricultural purposes.

scholarly journals The Use of GIS Technology to Optimize COVID-19 Vaccine Distribution: A Case Study of the City of Warsaw, Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5636
Author(s):  
Sylwia Krzysztofowicz ◽  
Katarzyna Osińska-Skotak
Keyword(s):  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Group Living ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Gis Technology ◽  
Vaccination Site ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Vaccine Distribution ◽  
The City

The COVID-19 pandemic is a global challenge, and the key to tackling it is vaccinating a specified percentage of the population to acquire herd immunity. The observed problems with the efficiency of the vaccination campaigns in numerous countries around the world, as well as the approach used at the initial stage of the National Immunization Program in Poland, prompted us to analyse the possibility of using GIS technology to optimize the distribution of vaccines to vaccination sites so as to minimize the period needed to vaccinate individual population groups. The research work was carried out on the example of Warsaw, the capital of Poland and the city with the largest population in the country. The analyses were carried out for the 60–70 and 50–60 age groups, in various approaches and for vaccines of different companies (Moderna, BioNTech, AstraZeneca), used to vaccinate people in Poland. The proposed approach to optimize vaccine distribution uses Thiessen’s tessellation to obtain information on the number of people in a given population group living in the area of each vaccination site, and then to estimate the time needed to vaccinate that group. Compared to the originally used vaccination scenario with limited availability of vaccines, the proposed approach allows practitioners to design fast and efficient distribution scenarios. With the developed methodology, we demonstrated ways to achieve uniform vaccination coverage throughout the city. We anticipate that the proposed approach can be easily automated and broadly applied to various urban settings.

A Novel Disease Detection and Classification Method Using Improved Fusion Random Weight Support Vector Machine

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2976-2986
Author(s):  
M. Usha Rani ◽  
N. Saravana Selvam
Keyword(s):  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Health Informatics ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Noise Removal ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Computational Techniques ◽  
Disease Detection ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Leaf Disease

Health informatics is one of the main branch of engineering which provides a solution to a variety of problems like delayed, missed or incorrect diagnoses with the help of computational techniques. With the help of technologies such as bio-computing, health informatics, the disaster impacts on both human health and biological factors can be reduced to a large extend. Using these computational technologies, the country’s economy can also get boosted up and due to increased disease-causing pathogens, which directly impact the human health system. In this research work, a different type of sugarcane disease is detected and classified because manual identification is difficult and time-consuming. So, the farmers couldn’t find a better solution, than on the whole, they go for stubble burning, which is an alarming issue both on human and environmental wellness. The burning of bagasse causes bagassois, an interstitial lung disease that affects the tissues present in the lung through the air sacs. So, this sugarcane disease detection needs to be done early to avoid various health and environmental issues. The proposed work consists of the detection of four types of sugarcane leaf disease directly from the field. The sequence of methods is capturing images with WSN nodes, pre-processing with image enhancement and noise removal (IENR), segmentation with Fuzzy membership function and clustering (FMFC), feature extraction using Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix Vector (GLCMV) and classification using Support Vector Machine (SVM). With the help of the effective proposed method, the highest parameters like precision, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for sugarcane leaf disease have been obtained. Based on the successful implementation process, the accuracy stated for the four sugarcane diseases along with the execution time is given below as Smut disease (87.12, 1.01 sec), Rust disease (90.23, 1.02 sec), Grassy Shoot disease (95.34, 1.047 sec), Red Rot disease (95.51, 1.04 sec).

scholarly journals A Field Study on Urban Rail Transits in City of Kuala Lumpur: Passenger Views on Train Noise and Vibration

2015 ◽  
Vol 773-774 ◽  
pp. 839-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Idrus bin Mohd Masirin ◽  
Nur Farrina Johari ◽  
Noor Hafiza Nordin ◽  
Abdul Halid Abdullah ◽  
Mohd Isom Azis
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Urban Rail Transit ◽  
Vibration Velocity ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
The Public ◽  
Urban Rail ◽  
Noise Data ◽  
The City

Malaysia is a fast developing country which thrives on the growth of its population and economy. Kuala Lumpur is the capital of Malaysia with an area of 243 km2 has a population of 1.4 million [1]. From the statistics, the number of passengers using intercity train services in Malaysia in was 187,345,149 in the year 2012 [2]. Comfortability of a service is a major factor that influences the public. The research will be conducted at the City of Kuala Lumpur, PUTRA LRT (Kelana Jaya Line) and MONOREL Line is selected as the main focus of the research. The data collection will be conducted in the train coaches with two parameters. The noise and vibrations in the train coaches will be taken using the Sound Level Meter (NOR118) and Vibration Meter (Movipack 01dB-Steel) respectively. The noise data were obtained from the interior of the train coaches during operation, while the vibrations were obtained from the wall surface of the coach interior. The vibration aspect for this research is more focused on three parameters which are displacement (μm), vibration velocity (mm/s) and vibration frequency (Hz)[7]. Questionnaires were given out to the train passengers in order to obtain public opinions and satisfaction feedbacks relating their experiences on the train coaches. In this paper it also discusses on the outcomes of the field research work conducted and it was found that PUTRA LRT has a lower vibration value when compared to the MONOREL. The public opinion has also showed unanimous agreement to the field observations conducted by the researchers. However, MONOREL records lower noise levels compared to PUTRA LRT which means quieter journey experience to the commuters. It is hoped that this study will enable the operators to enhance their service weaknesses with the public playing a part in improving the urban rail transit in the City of Kuala Lumpur. Keywords:Comfortability,Noise,Vibration,LRT,MONOREL,

scholarly journals O Papel do Apoiador Escolar na Educação Inclusiva / The Importance of the School Supporter in Inclusive Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (58) ◽  
pp. 592-600
Author(s):  
Sara Mariza dos Santos ◽  
Kennya De Lima Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Inclusive Education ◽  
School Environment ◽  
School Teacher ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Educational Networks ◽  
Educational Inclusion ◽  
Random Groups ◽  
The City

Resumo:  A educação inclusiva é conhecida como uma forma de trabalhar com crianças com necessidades especiais no ambiente escolar. Vista de forma mais ampla, ela tem o papel de acolher a diversidade e dar assistência a todos os estudantes, pois o objetivo da inclusão educacional é acabar com a exclusão social. O trabalho de pesquisa tem como objetivo avaliar as dificuldades encontradas pelos professores apoiadores das salas de aula, saber qual o suporte e formação que recebe para atuar. Além disso, a pesquisa possibilita compreender a realidade da inclusão a partir de redes de ensino diferentes, a pública e a privada. A metodologia aplicada incluiu dados da observação da sala de aula no intuito de narrar e analisar o cotidiano do “professor apoiador escolar”. O trabalho foi realizado na Cidade de Salgueiro/PE, e em Umãs/PE, com apoiadores escolares de três escolas, os participantes foram apoiadores escolhidos em turmas aleatórias, em um total de 10 apoiadores de sala de aula.---Inclusive education is known as a way of working with children with special needs in the school environment. Viewed more broadly, it has the role of welcoming diversity and providing assistance to all students, as the objective of educational inclusion is to end social exclusion. The research work aims to assess the difficulties encountered by supportive teachers in the classroom, to know what support and training they receive to act. In addition, the research makes it possible to understand the reality of inclusion from different educational networks, public and private. The methodology applied included data from classroom observation in order to narrate and analyze the daily life of the “supporting school teacher”. The work was carried out in the City of Salgueiro/PE, and in Umãs/PE, with school supporters from three schools, the participants were supporters chosen in random groups, in a total of 10 classroom supporters.

scholarly journals Characterization of secondary deposits of columbite-tantalite minerals found in the city of Rorainópolis (RR), Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 450-468
Author(s):  
Anna Caroline Andrade Pinto ◽  
Tiago Felipe Arruda Maia
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Geological Mapping ◽  
Mineral Deposits ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Source Areas ◽  
The City ◽  
Petrographic Description

Many of the studies about mineral deposits are bringing great information to the scientific community, providing, for example, general characteristics of these deposits, possible source areas and its used in some cases as prospective tools to help in geological mapping. In this way, this study aimed to characterize the alluvial secondary deposits of columbite-tantalite that were found near vicinal 12, about 50km north/northeast of Rorainópolis city, between the BR-174 and BR-210 roads, in the state of Roraima (Brazil), bases on 4 samples that were brought by a resident of the region. To fulfill these objectives, some chemical and mineralogical methods were performed, like: magnetic separation, X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence and petrographic description. The deposits of the region end up being characterized by having a large amount of Fe and Ti (mostly), containing in some places also a large concentration of Niobium and Tantalum. Not all samples have columbite-tantalite, showing that their concentration in some areas of the deposit is quite low. There are samples with less than 1% Nb and Ta and also samples with more than 20% Nb and 6% Ta concentration. These minerals were poorly transported, being identified by the degree of roundness and granulometry of the samples. A weathering cap on some minerals could also be verified. This research work turned out to be relevant, as it provides new data that add to the knowledge of the mineral potential, which has not been fully explored yet.

Municipal solid waste management in Kitwe City

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1075-1092
Author(s):  
Bupe Getrude Mwanza ◽  
Charles Mbohwa ◽  
Arnesh Telukdarie
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Municipal Solid Wastes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The City

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review the present municipal solid wastes (MSWs) management system, from an engineering management (EM) perspective, for the City of Kitwe while proposing a levers-driven sustainable municipal solid waste management (MSWM) model focussing on improving waste management (WM). Design/methodology/approach The research work involves four stages. First, a comprehensive review of literature is conducted on MSWM. Second, structured interviews are conducted with key experts in solid waste management in the City of Kitwe in order to enhance the knowledge inputs. Third, direct observations and an interview with a WM driver are conducted in order to understand; the collection, disposal and treatment options for MSWs. Lastly, a sustainable model for managing MSWs is proposed Findings The research findings indicate that the existing MSW system for the city is highly unsustainable and lacks EM methodologies. There are still a number of challenges in the management of MSWs which include: lack of proper collection and storage of MSWs; lack of an engineered landfill; lack of waste recovery and treatment systems; and lack of public education aimed at reducing and separating MSWs. Practical implications A correct and detailed database for waste generation, collection, treatment and disposal is needed for the City of Kitwe. The system is necessary for WM resources allocation as well as for planning sustainable WM projects. The proposed model has been developed based on the actual observations, data collection and analysis. Originality/value The research identifies a gap in the management of MSWs for the City of Kitwe. This work is original as no similar MSW model has been proposed globally and specific for a developing economy such as Africa.

Possibilities for reusing the waste from the process of Zn-Pb ore beneficiation

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 01008
Author(s):  
Krystian Cichy ◽  
Kornel Tobiczyk ◽  
Arkadiusz Mańka ◽  
Grażyna Pajor ◽  
Cezary ReguŁa
Keyword(s):  
Metal Content ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Sulfide Concentrates ◽  
The City

This paper discusses the areas of storage, resources, and granulometric and chemical characteristics of old Zn-Pb tailings stored in heaps in the city of Bytom area. It presents the results of laboratory tests for development of the technological flowsheet for transformation of the material into Zn- Pb sulfide concentrates and the results of trials in an experimental system of the beneficiation flowsheet which was developed. In the further part of the paper, the results of the research work on preparation of the tailings with reduced metal content for further use are presented.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document