scholarly journals Direct and Residual Effects of Different Poultry Compost and NPK Fertilizer Applications on Drought-Tolerant Maize Production

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
O. M. O. M. Otitoju ◽  
Moses B. Adewole ◽  
A. A. Olowoake ◽  
A. O. A. O. Ilesanmi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
N Recovery ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Derived Savanna ◽  
Npk Fertilizer

<p>This study investigated the direct and residual effects of different poultry compost and NPK fertilizer applications on the growth components of drought-tolerant maize (<em>Zea mays</em> L.) in a derived savanna agroecology of southwestern Nigeria. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with six treatments, each replicated thrice. The treatments which were applied at planting, consisted of 100% cockerel manure (CM), 100% broiler manure (BM), 100% layers manure (LM), 33.3% cockerel manure + 33.3% Broiler manure + 33.3% Layers manure (CBLM) at 4.50 kg plot<sup>-1</sup><sub>,</sub>inorganic NPK 20-20-10 fertilizer at 0.30 kg plot<sup>-1</sup> and zero manure application as control (CT). The apparent efficiency of N recovery (AENR), N and P ear-leaf (NPEL) contents of maize with poultry manures were higher when compared to inorganic NPK fertilizer applications. The highest mean grain yield 1.30 t ha<sup>-1</sup> of maize was obtained with BM treatment that had the highest AENR and NPEL values. This however, was not significantly (p &gt; 0.05) different from the mean grain yield obtained with other treatments during the dry season. Comparable but higher mean grain yield, but also not significantly (p &gt; 0.05) different were obtained during the wet season in all the treatments.</p>

scholarly journals The performance of new early maturing pro-vitamin A maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids in the derived savanna agro-ecology of Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-245
Author(s):  
Adesike Kolawole ◽  
Ibrahim Raji ◽  
Solomon Oyekale
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Derived Savanna ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Consistent Performance

Maize (Zea mays L.) is a staple food for millions of people across the globe, and it supplies more than 30% of total dietary calories. However, the normal endosperm lacks a sufficient quantity of the nutritive precursor of vitamin A. To achieve food security and avert malnutrition, there is a need to adopt the cultivation of the early multiple stress-tolerant pro-vitamin A maize hybrid. The objective of this study was to assess the agronomic performance and yield of the newly developed maize hybrids. Fifteen improved maize hybrids and one commercial hybrid used as a local check were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with two replications for two years at the Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching and Research farm in Ogbomoso, Nigeria. Hybrids exhibited significant variation (P < 0.01) for grain yield, number of days to anthesis and silking, ear height and husk cover. Across the years, the grain yield of hybrids ranged between 4,780.8 kg ha?1 (PVAEH-19) and 7,886.9 kg ha?1 (PVAQEH-1), with a mean of 6,354.2 kg ha?1. PVAEH-15 ranks the best on the basis of superiority in grain yield, early flowering and tight husk cover. Fourteen hybrids out-yielded the local check (4,947.2 kg ha-1), and five hybrids had a significant (P < 0.05) yield advantage of > 26% over the local check. The consistent performance of PVAEH-15 and PVAEH-16 in the two years of evaluation indicates potential for the adaptability of the hybrids to the agro-ecology. Farmers? adoption of these maize hybrids will boost maize production and prevent malnutrition in the derived savanna agro-ecology of Nigeria.

scholarly journals Residual effects of superficial liming on tropical soil under no-tillage system

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
pp. 1633-1642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Hideo Martins da Costa ◽  
Carlos Alexandre Costa Crusciol ◽  
Jayme Ferrari Neto ◽  
Gustavo Spadotti Amaral Castro
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Tillage System

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the long-term effects of the surface application of lime on soil fertility and on the mineral nutrition and grain yield of soybean, and of black oat and sorghum in crop succession. The experiment was carried out on a clayey Oxisol, in a randomized complete block design, with four replicates. Treatments consisted of lime the rates of 0, 1,000, 2,000, and 4,000 kg ha-1, applied in October 2002 and November 2004. Soil samples were collected at five soil layers, down to 0.60-m depth. Surface liming was effective in reducing soil acidity and increasing Ca2+ and Mg2+ contents in the subsurface. Moreover, it increased available phosphorus contents and soil organic matter in the long term (48 to 60 months after the last lime application). Surface liming improved plant nutrition, mainly for N, Ca, and Mg, and increased dry matter production and grain yield of the crops, even in years with regular distribution of rainfall. The greatest productivities of soybean, black oat, and sorghum were obtained with the respective estimated lime doses of 4,000, 2,333, and 3,281 kg ha-1, for shoot dry matter, and of 2,550, 3,555, and over 4,000 kg ha-1, for grain yield.

scholarly journals Selection of drought tolerant rice varieties for the western mid hills of Nepal

2018 ◽  
pp. 195-206
Author(s):  
B. B. Adhikari ◽  
B. Mehera ◽  
S. M. Haefele
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Growth Duration ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Participatory Varietal Selection ◽  
Drought Tolerant

Rice (Oryza sativa L) is the most important staple food crop in Nepal, but current yields are low and total production varies, mostly due to drought. To evaluate high yielding and drought tolerant rice genotypes in typical rainfed lowland conditions, a participatory varietal selection trials was conducted with farmers in farmer’s field at Sundarbazar, Lamjung, Nepal during the wet season 2009 and 2010. Trials were laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with six replications. Results obtained from two years’ experiment indicated that the genotypes IR-74371-54-1 and IR74371-70-1 matured at the same duration as the local check Radha-4 (120-123 days growth duration). Both genotypes had a high average chlorophyll content (SPAD reading of 15.9-16.1), were medium tall (110-112 cm), non-lodging, had a high number of filled grains and little sterility, and a high grain yield (mean yield 5.0 and 4.8 t ha-1, respectively). They also had the highest root length (22.4-26.2 cm) and root weight (9.5-10 g hill-1) which could tolerate more drought than the other genotypes tested. The maximum cost/benefit ratio was found in IR-74371-54-1 (1:1.72) followed by IR-74371-70-1 (1:1.66) and IR-74371-46-1-1 (1:1.65). All three lines were highly preferred by farmers in preference rankings during field visits and were released in Nepal in 2011 as Sookhadhan-2, Sookhadhan-3 and Sookhadhan-1 varieties, respectively. They fit easily into the existing cropping system in rainfed lowlands, are economically viable and safe to cultivate for the farmers in the mid hills of Nepal.Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science.Vol. 33-34, 2015, page: 195-206

scholarly journals Direct and Residual Effect of Sulphur and Zinc on Potato-Boro-T. Aman Rice Cropping Pattern

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Tarafder ◽  
MQ Haque ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
MR Khan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
The Third ◽  
Boro Rice

The experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA) sub-staion, Tajhat, Ranpure, using potato-Boro-T. aman rice cropping pattern with an objective to evaluate the direct and residual effects of sulphur and zinc on the growth, yield and nutrient uptake by the crops. The surface soil was sandy loam texture, pH 6.3, organic matter 1.24%, available sulphur 6.62 ppm and available zinc 0.45 ppm. The experiment comprised of eight treatments for potato S15Zn2 (T2, T4 and T8, S8Zn1 (T5 and T6)and S0Zn0 (T1, T3 and T7), for boro rice S20Zn4 (T3, T5, T6 and T7) and S0Zn0 (T1, T3, T4 and T6). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Average tuber yield of potato (var. cardinal) varied from 28.29 to 32.86 t ha-1 with the highest yield in S15Zn2 treatment (100% recommended dose) and the lowest was in the S0Zn0 treatment (control). In the second crop (Boro rice), growth and yield attributes, grain and straw yields responded significantly to S and Zn applied either in the first crop or in both crops. The average grain yield varied from 3.51 to 5.27 t ha-1 over the treatments. In the third crop (T. aman rice), the grain and straw yields responded significantly to S and Zn applied either in the first and second crop or in the third crops. The grain yield of T. aman rice varied from 2.96 to 4.46 t ha-1 over the treatments. The growth and yield contributing characters were also significantly influenced by the treatment. There was a significant direct and residual effect of the treatments on S and Zn uptake by the crops.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v19i1.16987 Progress. Agric. 19(1): 33 - 38, 2008 

scholarly journals The plant nutrition impact on the quality and quantity parameters of maize hybrids grain yield based on different statistical methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-573
Author(s):  
Árpád Illés ◽  
S. M. Nasir Mousavi ◽  
Csaba Bojtor ◽  
Janos Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Npk Fertilizer

AbstractIn recent years, producers of agricultural products have increased the use of chemical fertilizers per unit area. The goal of this research was to analyze the interaction of genotype in treatment (NPK fertilizer) on grain yield, protein content, oil content, and the starch content on 13 maize hybrids using analysis by the model of additive and multiplier effects AMMI and to evaluate genotypes, treatments, and their interactions using biplot in Hungary. Treatments include NPK0 (N: 0 kg/ha, P2O5:0 kg/ha, K2O: 0 kg/ha), NPK1 (N: 30 kg/ha, P2O5: 23 kg/ha, K2O: 27 kg/ha), NPK2 (N: 60 kg/ha, P2O5: 46 kg/ha, K2O: 54 kg/ha), NPK3 (N: 90 kg/ha, P2O5: 69 kg/ha, K2O: 81 kg/ha), NPK4 (N: 120 kg/ha, P2O5: 92 kg/ha, K2O: 108 kg/ha), NPK5 (N: 150 kg/ha, P2O5: 115 kg/ha, K2O: 135 kg/ha) in four replications based on complete randomized block design in 2019. The NPK fertilizer effects indicate that the fertilizers are different on yield genotype. AMMI analysis showed that there was a significant difference between genotypes, treatment, and the interaction effect of genotype * treatment at one percent. Besides, the maximum yield had Loupiac and NPK3 on grain yield, Loupiac and NPK2 on oil content, P0023, and NPK3 for starch content, DKC 3/ES4725 (DKC4725) and NPK3 for protein content. Also, GGE biplot analysis indicates that had maximum grain yield in Loupiac, protein content in P9978, oil content in MV Maronetta, and starch content in Sushi.

scholarly journals Use of Abattoir Wastewater Compost as Organic Fertilizer for Rice Production on a Ultisol in Delta State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 682-689
Author(s):  
Smart Augustine Ojobor ◽  
Collins N Egbuchua
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
First Year ◽  
Rice Yields ◽  
Abattoir Wastewater ◽  
Nutrient Changes

The research was conducted to monitor the influent of abattoir wastewater compost on rice growth and yield in Benin-Owah River Basin in Illah, Delta State, Nigeria. The compost was applied at 0, 2.5, 5.0, 10 t/ha, and NPK15:15:15 at 250 kg/ha laid in randomized complete block design with four replicates. Rice seeds were sown for two years, and residual effects were evaluated in the third year. Rice plant height, stem circumference, and the number of tillers was measured at two weeks intervals while rice yields have taken at harvest. Soil samples were taken yearly to monitor nutrient changes. Data obtained were analyzed with analysis of variance and mean separated with Duncan Multiple Range Test at α0.05. In the first year, NPK15:15:15 significantly gave the highest dry matter (6.28±1.45 t/ha) and grain yield (2.4±0.53 t/ha). While in the second year, 10 t/ha treatment produced the dry matter (7.69±1.60 t/ha) and grain yield (2.6±0.53 t/ha). In a residual study, the highest grain yield (2.8±0.72 t/ha) was produced in the plot treated with 10 t/ha, and it also gave the highest pH, organic carbon, total nitrogen, and available P content. The compost at the rate of 10 t/ha can increase soil fertility and rice yield.

scholarly journals Yield and Growth Response of Maize (Zea mays L.) to Varietal and Nitrogen Application in the Guinea Savanna Agro-Ecology of Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Alhassan Bawa
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Guinea Savanna ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Four Levels

Background and Objective. Maize is one of the oldest cultivated crops. It is the third most important cereal after wheat and rice globally. Compared to all other cereals, maize has the highest average yield per unit area. The objective of the research was to evaluate maize varietal response to different nitrogen fertilizer rates. Materials and Methods. The treatment consisted of two factors, namely six varieties of maize and four levels of nitrogen application rates. These were arranged in 6 × 4 factorial combinations and laid out using randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The data collected were subjected to combined analysis for variation in factorial experiments in RCBD using Genstat statistical package edition 18. The means were separated using Duncan’s multiple range test at a 5% probability level. Results. The study revealed that varieties, such as IWD-C3-SYN-F2 and OBATAMPA, produced the highest grain yield and growth parameters (agronomic traits) relative to other varieties. The maximum grain yield and biomass production also occurred at the nitrogen application rates of 90 and 120 kg N/ha. Conclusion. Varieties, such as IWD-C3-SYN-F2 and OBATAMPA, and N rate of 90 kg N/ha are, therefore, recommended to be used for maize production by the resource-poor farmers in the Guinea Savanna Agro-Ecology of Ghana.

scholarly journals Grain Yield of Maize Hybrids in Response to Inoculation with Azospirillum sp. under Nitrogen Limiting Conditions in Huaura, Peru

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Elin Teodoro-Cerna ◽  
Eroncio Mendoza-Nieto ◽  
Sergio Eduardo Contreras-Liza
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Native Strain ◽  
Hybrid Corn ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Hybrid Maize

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of Azospirillum sp. inoculated with different nitrogen levels (0, 60, 90, 180 kg ha-1) on grain yield, yield components and agronomic traits of hybrid maize at the arid conditions of the central coast of Peru. The experimental design used was randomized complete block design with four replications per treatment, under the arrangement of subdivided plots, in which three corn hybrids were assigned to complete plots and four inoculant-N fertilization treatments, to the subplots. The results showed that for dose fertilization of 180 kg ha-1 of nitrogen (control), the grain yield of hybrid corn was similar as compared to 60-120 kg ha-1 N fertilization inoculated at 15 and 45 days with a native strain of Azospirillum sp., suggesting that the response in grain yield for hybrid corn can be balanced with nitrogen fertilization and inoculation with Azospirillum sp. 1x108 CFU mL-1 in conditions of arid soils, with possible impact on the use of this microorganism in the maize production system

scholarly journals Produksi Empat Varietas Padi Sawah yang Diberi Kombinasi Pupuk Bio-Slurry dan NPK

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Yafizham Yafizham ◽  
Dwi Retno Lukiwati
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Rice Paddy ◽  
Lowland Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Npk Fertilizer

<p>Non-organic agriculture has succeeded in increasing the production of lowland rice, but on the other hand also has a negative impact on the ecosystem of agriculture and the environment, such as the decreasing content of soil organic matter. One effort that can be done, is by adding bio-slurry organic fertilizer to the NPK fertilizer. This study was conducted to determine the effect of the combination of bio-slurry fertilizer and NPK fertilizer on the production of four rice paddy varieties. This research by experiment was conducted in Screen House Agrotechnopark, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Agriculture, Diponegoro University, Tembalang Semarang campus, taking place from October 2018 to January 2019. The experiment used a randomized completely block design with two factors and three replications. The first factor was a combination of bio-slurry + NPK fertilizer ie without N (P0) fertilizer, NPK 550 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> fertilizer (P1), bio-slurry fertilizer 3 tons ha<sup>-1</sup> + NPK fertilizer 400 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> , 6 tons ha<sup>-1</sup> bio-slurry fertilizer + 250 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> NPK fertilizer, 9 tons ha<sup>-1</sup> bio-slurry fertilizer + 100 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> NPK fertilizer and 12 tons bio-slurry fertilizer ha<sup>-1</sup>. Whereas the second factor was the lowland rice varieties namely Inpari 23, Sultan Unsrat, Sintanur and Gilirang. The results of the variance analysis showed that the combination of bio-slurry + NPK fertilizer and lowland rice varieties had a very significant effect on grain yield per clump, number of filled grains, number of empty grains, total grain count, weight of 1000 grains, rice yield per pot and harvest index. The highest grain yield per clump (85.33 g) was obtained from the treatment of 550 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> NPK fertilizer, while the highest grain yield per clump (58.06 g) was obtained from the Gilirang variety (V4), the highest total grain amount (174.58 grains) was obtained from the treatment of NPK 550 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> and (212.28 grains) fertilizer produced by varieties Inpari 23. The highest yield per pot of rice (61.83 g) was obtained from the treatment of 550 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> NPK fertilizer , while the highest paddy rice varieties which produced rice per pot of (63.22 g) were Inpari 23.</p>

Response of early maturing maize landraces and improved varieties to moisture deficit and sufficient water supply

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (03) ◽  
pp. 205-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abebe Menkir ◽  
Baffour Badu-Apraku ◽  
Sam Ajala ◽  
Alpha Kamara ◽  
Abdou Ndiaye
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Improved Varieties ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Moisture Deficit ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Early Maturing

In drought-affected maize production zones with short growing periods, the development and use of early maturing drought-tolerant cultivars can stabilize maize production. We evaluated 10 improved and 25 farmers' early maturing maize varieties under moisture deficit and well-watered conditions for 2 years to identify suitable genetic materials for breeding drought-tolerant cultivars. The varieties exhibited significant differences in grain yield and other traits under both moisture deficit and well-watered conditions. Changes in the rank order of the varieties for grain yield was not significant across the different levels of moisture supply in this study. Grain yield was significantly correlated with days to anthesis, days to silking, plant height, ear height, ear number and anthesis–silking interval (ASI) under the two irrigation treatments and with leaf death scores under moisture deficit, suggesting that the common traits were beneficial in maximizing grain yield under both sufficient water supply and moisture deficit. Grain yield and the traits significantly correlated with it differentiated the early maturing maize varieties into two distinct groups under well-watered condition and moisture deficit. The improved varieties were superior to the farmers' varieties in grain yield and other traits under moisture deficit, possibly due to selection of their progenitors for improved performance in multiple locations. We found some farmers' and improved varieties with similar yield potential and flowering time under well-watered conditions but with marked differences in grain yield and other traits under moisture deficit. Use of such promising landraces that would also be invaluable sources of desirable farmers-preferred end-use quality traits in combination with promising improved varieties as breeding materials could enhance the genetic grain from selection for drought tolerance in early maize.

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