scholarly journals First Nations’ involvement in forest governance in Québec: The place for distinct consultation processes

2010 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 730-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Wyatt ◽  
Jean-François Fortier ◽  
Catherine Martineau-Delisle
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Aboriginal Peoples ◽  
Forest Governance ◽  
Aboriginal Rights ◽  
Distinct Process ◽  
Participation Mechanisms ◽  
Special Case

Aboriginal peoples in Canada present a special case of citizen involvement in forest governance, with rights and statusthat go beyond those of other stakeholders and individuals. Increasingly, participation processes aimed specifically atAboriginal representatives are being used to encourage their involvement in forest management. This article asks whatwould be the characteristics of a distinct process that could respond to Aboriginal rights, needs and expectations. We doso by combining the results of a broad Québec-wide study with those from a case study of forestry participation in a singlecommunity. A total of 68 consultation processes are analyzed. These experiences enable the identification of severalcharacteristics of consultation processes used for First Nations. We also note that distinct consultations typically reflectthe same practices that are used more generally for public participation in forestry, raising the question of whether or notthese consultations truly respond to Aboriginal rights, needs and expectations in Québec.Key words: Aboriginal peoples, Aboriginal forestry, forest management, public participation mechanisms, duty to consult,Canada

First Nations, forest lands, and “aboriginal forestry” in Canada: from exclusion to comanagement and beyond

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Wyatt
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
Aboriginal Peoples ◽  
Aboriginal Rights ◽  
New Form ◽  
Forest Lands ◽  
Forestry Practice ◽  
Forest Managers

The term “aboriginal forestry” is used increasingly to describe the evolving role of First Nations peoples in Canadian forestry over the last 30 years. This paper reviews a diversity of experiences and identifies issues that have important implications for governments, forest planners, and First Nations: a forestry regime that reflects the interests of governments and industry rather than those of First Nations; variable implementation of aboriginal rights in forestry practice; benefits and problems of economic partnerships; limitations on consultation, traditional knowledge, and comanagement in forestry; and finally, different forestry paradigms. Among these experiences and issues, we recognise different visions for the participation of First Nations peoples in Canadian forestry. At one end of the spectrum, “forestry excluding First Nations” is no longer accepted. The most common form may be “forestry by First Nations,” representing a role for First Nations within existing forestry regimes. Other options include “forestry for First Nations,” in which forest managers seek to incorporate aboriginal values and knowledge in management activities and “forestry with First Nations,” in which aboriginal peoples are equal partners in forest management. However, aboriginal forestry is better understood as a potential new form of forestry that uses knowledge and techniques drawn from both traditions and conventional forestry and is based on aboriginal rights, values, and institutions.

scholarly journals Assessing the effects of public participation processes from the point of view of participants: significance, achievements, and challenges

2010 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 753-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Martineau-Delisle ◽  
Solange Nadeau
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Forest Governance ◽  
Citizen Involvement ◽  
Advisory Committees ◽  
Criteria And Indicators ◽  
Stakeholder Consultation ◽  
Practical Information

Public participation practices are now common and recognized as a way of including a broader range of interests andsocial values in forest management. However, we know little about their real benefits. This article presents the results of astudy aimed at developing a deeper understanding of the diverse impacts of public participation and, in particular, of forest-related deliberative forums (i.e. committee types of processes). The study is based on an analysis of data collected from137 respondents–participants and coordinators–who have been involved in more than 120 forest-related public participationprocesses in the province of Quebec. The study examined the diversity of potential impacts of public participationprocesses, assessed the significance of the impacts, and evaluated the capacity of existing processes to achieve them.Overall, the study provides practical information to support the evaluation of public participation processes, a requirementthat is increasingly imposed on forest practitioners and decision-makers.Key words: forest governance, forestry, outputs/outcomes, impacts of citizen involvement/public participation processes,stakeholder consultation, advisory committees, evaluation, performance measurement, criteria and indicators, sustainableforest management, Canada, Quebec

scholarly journals Thin or Thick Inclusiveness? The Constitutional Duty to Consult and Accommodate First Nations in Canada

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-175
Author(s):  
Ian James Urquhart
Keyword(s):  
First Nations ◽  
Oil Sands ◽  
Aboriginal Peoples ◽  
Resource Exploitation ◽  
Judicial Interpretation ◽  
Treaty Rights ◽  
Aboriginal Rights ◽  
The Status ◽  
Natural Resource Exploitation ◽  
General Thrust

What has the addition of aboriginal rights to the Canadian constitution in 1982 meant for the place of First Nations’ interests in the Canadian constitutional order? This article considers this question in the context of natural resource exploitation – specifically, the exploitation of the oil or tar sands in Alberta. It details some of the leading jurisprudence surrounding Section 35 of the Constitution Act 1982, the section of the Constitution recognizing existing aboriginal and treaty rights. Arguably, Section 35 represented an important effort to improve the status of aboriginal peoples in Canada, to enhance the extent to which Canada included and respected the values and interests of First Nations. The article specifically considers how the judicial interpretation of the Crown’s duty to consult and accommodate aboriginal peoples is related to the theme of inclusivity. It argues that the general thrust of judicial interpretation has promoted a thin, or procedural, version of inclusiveness rather than a substantive, or thicker, one. Such a thicker version of inclusiveness would be one in which the pace of oil sands exploitation is moderated or halted in order to allow First Nations to engage in traditional activities connected intimately with aboriginal and treaty rights.

scholarly journals Evaluating local multi-stakeholder platforms in forest management in Ontario

2010 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 742-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Robson ◽  
Len M. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
Multiple Stakeholders ◽  
Stakeholder Representation ◽  
Multi Stakeholder ◽  
Traditional Approaches

Ontario’s Local Citizens’ Committees (LCCs) are the oldest local multi-stakeholder platforms in forest management inCanada (since 1994) and one of the most researched. This paper is a meta-analysis of LCC research from large-scale surveys,document analysis of audits and case study interviews of members from two LCCs. Multi-stakeholder Platforms areexpected to lead to better and more acceptable decisions than traditional approaches because they involve multiple stakeholders;consequently, the focus of the paper is on stakeholder representation and success. Our analysis concludes thatrepresentation is an issue and that LCCs have a mixed level of success.Key words: public participation, success, representation, surveys, interviews

scholarly journals Taking the pulse of civic engagement in forest management

2010 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 692-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Robson ◽  
John R. Parkins
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Civic Engagement ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Sustainable Forestry ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
Forest Governance ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Special Issue

Outdated and unresponsive institutional arrangements are the greatest single obstacle to the achievement of sustainableforestry in Canada. More open civic engagement processes and institutional arrangements are now emerging, however,compelling traditional actors to interact with many more issues and social forces. This article introduces a way of understandingand evaluating civic engagement processes for this special issue on civic engagement in forest management.It reviews the articles for this special issue and critically assesses where we have come from and where we might needto go as forest governance continues to evolve and meet the challenges of a 21st Century Canada.Key words: institutional arrangements, sustainable forestry, forest governance, civic engagement, public participation,evaluation

The effectiveness of public participation in forest management: A case study analysis of the Morice Innovative Forest Practices Agreement

2003 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason R Jabbour ◽  
David Balsillie
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Public Involvement ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Public Access ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Forest Management Planning ◽  
Forest Practices

In recent decades, the context in which institutions of forest management make decisions to formulate management priorities has changed radically. Today, it is widely accepted that members of the public should be involved in decision-making. Despite a tremendous gain in support, however, previous literature remains critical of the design, implementation and effectiveness of public participation processes. In seeking to identify the attributes that constitute successful public participation, we conducted a critical assessment of a current process. This paper reveals the results of a case study of a land use and forest management planning initiative in central British Columbia. Our primary data include: document review; qualitative interviews with citizen members actively involved in the process (n = 14); and a random telephone survey (n = 100) of local residents (response rate = 45.6%). Through the application of six a priori evaluation criteria, we establish strengths, weaknesses and gaps of the process. Results of the study reflect a lack of institutional mechanisms in place to ensure appropriate public access and adequate representation. The findings also indicate that the incorporation of teamwork, collaborative learning and two-way information flow are important as a basis for constructive and effective public participation. Finally, we argue that the value added by such attributes can be enhanced through better design and facilitation at both the structural and operational levels. Key words: public participation, public involvement, public representation, sustainable forest management, Innovative Forest Practices Agreement

The model forest concept: a model for future forest management?

1996 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Brand ◽  
O. Thomas Bouman ◽  
Luc Bouthillier ◽  
Winifred Kessler ◽  
Louis Lapierre
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Ecosystem Management ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
The United States ◽  
Aboriginal Peoples ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Environmental Objectives ◽  
Wide Range

Society has been wrestling with the concept of managing forests sustainably for several years. As one of the most widespread of the earth's ecosystems and as a renewable resource providing a wide range of consumptive and nonconsumptive benefits to society, forests have been at the centre of many policy discussions. While much progress was made at the Earth Summit in 1992 and since that time, there are few concrete examples of sustainable forest management in practice. In this paper, some of the key foundations of sustainable forest management are reviewed, including the balancing of economic and environmental objectives in society, the philosophy of ecosystem management, the role of science and technology in forest management, public participation in decision making, and the internationalization of forest issues. To examine the practical implications of these concepts, four very different case studies of attempts to implement sustainable forest management in Canada are examined and discussed. These model forests are part of a network of 10 such sites in Canada, which are linked with several others in Mexico, Russia, Malaysia, and the United States. They combine the interests, mandates, and objectives of government agencies, aboriginal peoples, communities, and many other stakeholders for the purpose of creating a comprehensive vision and program of work aimed at achieving sustainable forest management in the areas concerned. Each model is unique, however, and reflects the local context. The authors conclude that the future of forest management will be based on a government acceptance of delegation of responsibility to such partnerships and on the application of diverse and innovative solutions to forest management issues.Key words: sustainable forest management, model forest, ecosystem management, integrated resource management, public participation, Canada.

scholarly journals TENDÊNCIAS CONTEMPORÂNEAS DA PARTICIPAÇÃO POPULAR: experiências dos conselhos municipais de saúde do Espírito Santo

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 721
Author(s):  
Ana Targina Rodrigues Ferraz
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Movements ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
The Social ◽  
Participation Mechanisms ◽  
Espirito Santo ◽  
Municipal Health

Este artigo sintetiza os principais resultados de pesquisa desenvolvida acerca das tendências contemporâneas da participação popular a partir da experiência de participação no âmbito dos conselhos municipais de saúde do estado doEspírito Santo. O principal objetivo do estudo é demonstrar como as novas modalidades de organização, mobilização e comunicação dos movimentos sociais (coletivos, redes e fóruns) afetaram os processos de participação popular no âmbito da política de saúde, especialmente as estratégias de informação e comunicação, a estrutura e dinâmica de funcionamento dos conselhos. É um estudo de caso cuja coleta de dados foi realizada por meio da análise de documentos públicos e sites, acompanhamento das redes sociais de movimentos e conselhos, observação das reuniões de movimentos e conselhos eentrevistas. O principal resultado da pesquisa é a constatação da existência de um hiato entre os mecanismos de participação construídos como forma de viabilizar a democracia participativa e as demandas por participação direta decoletivos, redes e fóruns.Palavras-chave: Participação popular. Movimentos sociais. Conselhos de saúde.CONTEMPORARY TRENDS IN PUBLIC PARTICIPATION: the experiences of municipal health councils in Espírito SantoAbstractThis article synthesises the main results of research around contemporary trends in public participation drawn from the experiences of Municipal Health Councils in Espírito Santo. The main objective of the study was to demonstrate how newmodes of organization, mobilization and communication of social movements (collectives, networks and forums) affect the processes of public participation in the ambit of health policy. This is a case study whose data the collection of data was carried out through the analysis of public documents and websites, following the social networks of social movements and councils, observation on the meetings of social movements and councils, and interviews. The main result of the research is the finding of a gap between the participation mechanisms built as a way to make participatory democracy viable and the demands for direct participation of collectives, networks and forums.Keywords: Public participation. Social movements. Health Councils.

scholarly journals Culturally driven forest management, utilization and values: A Nuxalk First Nations case study

2014 ◽  
Vol 90 (05) ◽  
pp. 620-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Bull ◽  
Sean Pledger ◽  
Matthias Splittgerber ◽  
Jamie Stephen ◽  
Amadeus Pribowo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
First Nations ◽  
New Products ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Modern Life ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Nations People ◽  
First Nations People ◽  
Bella Coola

The forests of British Columbia have been managed for thousands of years to provide a range of products and services. For the Nuxalk people of Bella Coola, BC, their forests were used to build homes and canoes, act as a transportation system (grease trails), and provide material for clothing, fuel and cultural/artistic needs. These forests also provide a host of plants used for nourishment and medicine. The lives of First Nations people have been dramatically altered with the arrival of Western cultures; from a First Nations perspective, these traditional goods and services have been eroded. Today they seek to restore and protect the forests that provide these goods and services while at the same time recognizing the needs of a modern life, which include improved housing, energy that is environmentally friendly and the development of new products and services to sustain their economy. Eight research projects aimed at helping the Nuxalk people accomplish these goals are briefly described.

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