Assessment of the anxiety levels of orthodontic patients during the COVID-19 pandemic

Aim: This study aims to determine the anxiety levels of orthodontic patients related to the coronavirus pandemic and to evaluate the effects of quarantine on orthodontic appointments and orthodontic treatment. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted as an online survey with the participation of patients who were actively receiving orthodontic treatment. A total of 281 orthodontic patients (191 [67.97%] females and 90 [32.03%] males) participated in the survey. The questionnaire consisted of five sections that included questions about demographics, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the patients’ orthodontic status. Anxiety levels were measured using Turkish versions of the Beck Anxiety Inventory and the Corah’s Dental Anxiety Scale. Descriptive statistics, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk normality tests, the Pearson correlation test, and the Mann Whitney U test were used for statistical analysis. Results: Regarding patients’ perceptions of the pandemic, 251 patients (89.32%) reported that they were sufficiently informed about COVID-19. The main concern about the effects of quarantine on orthodontic treatment was the delay of orthodontic treatment at a rate of 58.36% (164/281). This study found that 36% (103/281) of the participants exhibited anxiety symptoms. The prevalence of dental anxiety specifically was 33% (95/281). Our study results reveal a significant relationship between dental anxiety and general anxiety, which indicates that dentally anxious people tend to also be generally anxious. Females had significantly higher anxiety levels than males (p <0.001). Conclusion: The coronavirus pandemic and quarantine seem to impact orthodontic patients’ anxiety. Delay of treatment was the primary concern of patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Female patients were more anxious than males. How to cite this article: Yıldırım E, Adıgüzel A, Karaçay Ş. Assessment of the anxiety levels of orthodontic patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Int Dent Res 2021;11(Suppl.1):73-9. https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2021.vol11.suppl1.12 Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.

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Level of Knowledge, Understanding, and Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Continuing Fixed Orthodontic Treatment in Adults: A Questionnaire Study

The Journal of Indian Orthodontic Society ◽

10.1177/0301574220988409 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 55 (2) ◽

pp. 184-189

Author(s):

RSVM Raghu Ram ◽

I Ranganayakulu ◽

K Anand Viswanadh ◽

TSS Manikanta Kumar ◽

C Viswa Chaitanya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Adult Patients ◽

Missed Appointments ◽

Clinical Area ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Orthodontic Patients ◽

Level Of Knowledge ◽

Orthodontic Treatment In Adults ◽

Status Disclosure ◽

Descriptive Survey

Objectives: To evaluate the level of knowledge, understanding, and impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on adult patients regarding their ongoing fixed orthodontic treatment. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional and descriptive survey was conducted on 108 adult patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment at GSL Dental College (GSLDC), India. All the candidates were aged 18 years and above, who were in lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic and devoid of treatment. Results: Among the patients 43.5% were male and 56.5% were female; 22.3% were not at all aware that the COVID-19 virus spreads quickly in a dental setup; 64.8% were definitely willing for their status disclosure and to undergo pretreatment screening; 71.3% were definitely willing to adhere to strict appointment timings for adequate sanitization of the clinical area; 60.2% thought that missed appointments during the COVID-19 pandemic would prolong their overall orthodontic treatment and affect their treatment outcome; and 51.9% were financially affected due to the pandemic. Conclusions: Not all adult orthodontic patients were in knowledge of COVID-19 cross infection. The majority were in a state of understanding and willing to follow infection-eradicating protocols. Patients’ view on overall orthodontic treatment was altered due to the psychological and financial impact of COVID-19.

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The UPTAKE study: implications for the future of COVID-19 vaccination trial recruitment in UK and beyond

Trials ◽

10.1186/s13063-021-05250-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sonika Sethi ◽

Aditi Kumar ◽

Anandadeep Mandal ◽

Mohammed Shaikh ◽

Claire A. Hall ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Online Survey ◽

Age Groups ◽

Small Towns ◽

Vaccine Uptake ◽

Effective Vaccine ◽

Trial Recruitment ◽

Trial Management ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Study Results ◽

The Future

Abstract Background Developing a safe and effective vaccine will be the principal way of controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. However, current COVID-19 vaccination trials are not adequately representing a diverse participant population in terms of age, ethnicity and comorbidities. Achieving the representative recruitment targets that are adequately powered to the study remains one of the greatest challenges in clinical trial management. To ensure accuracy and generalisability of the safety and efficacy conclusions generated by clinical trials, it is crucial to recruit patient cohorts as representative as possible of the future target population. Missing these targets can lead to reduced validity of the study results and can often slow down drug development leading to costly delays. Objective This study explores the key factors related to perceptions and participation in vaccination trials. Methods This study involved an anonymous cross-sectional online survey circulated across the UK. Statistical analysis was done in six phases. Multi-nominal logistic models examined demographic and geographic factors that may impact vaccine uptake. Results The survey had 4884 participants of which 9.44% were Black Asian Minority Ethnic (BAME). Overall, 2020 (41.4%) respondents were interested in participating in vaccine trials; 27.6% of the respondents were not interested and 31.1% were unsure. The most interested groups were male (OR = 1.29), graduates (OR = 1.28), the 40–49 and 50–59 age groups (OR = 1.88 and OR = 1.46 respectively) and those with no health issues (OR = 1.06). The least interested groups were BAME (OR = 0.43), those from villages and small towns (OR = 0.66 and 0.54 respectively) and those aged 70 and above (OR = 1.11). Conclusions In order to have a vaccination that is generalisable to the entire population, greater work needs to be done in engaging a diverse cohort of participants. Public health campaigns need to be targeted in improving trial recruitment rates for the elderly, BAME community and the less educated rural population.

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Fashion designers' attitude-behaviour inconsistencies towards a sustainable business model: a neutralisation theory perspective

Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management ◽

10.1108/jfmm-05-2021-0128 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Asphat Muposhi ◽

Brighton Nyagadza ◽

Chengedzai Mafini

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Online Survey ◽

Emerging Market ◽

Survey Study ◽

Future Research ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Content Type ◽

Study Results ◽

Sustainable Fashion ◽

Fashion Designers

PurposeFashion designers in South Africa remain ambivalent in embracing sustainable fashion. This study examines the role of neutralisation techniques on attitude towards sustainable fashion. The study was conducted in South Africa, an emerging market known for water scarcity and pollution emanating from the textile industry.Design/methodology/approachA structured questionnaire was used to collect cross-sectional data from a sample of 590 fashion designers using a web-based online survey. Study constructs were drawn from the neutralisation theory and theory of planned behaviour.FindingsStandard multiple regression analysis results identified denial of injury, appeal to higher loyalties and external locus of control as the major rationalisation techniques influencing South African designers' negative attitudes towards sustainable fashion.Research limitations/implicationsResearch was conducted in South Africa where the concept of sustainable fashion is still at developmental stages. The generalisation of the study findings may be enhanced by extending the study to other markets with a fully developed market for sustainable fashion.Practical implicationsThe study results underscore the necessity of reducing social, structural and institutional barriers associated with the adoption of sustainable fashion. This study provides input towards efforts to develop attitude change strategies to stimulate designers to embrace sustainable fashion.Originality/valueThe research study contributes to theory, practice and future research.

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Prevalence of Dental Fear and Anxiety among Orthodontic patients visiting Nobel Medical College

Orthodontic Journal of Nepal ◽

10.3126/ojn.v11i1.39040 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 3-6

Author(s):

Anand Acharya ◽

Bhushan Bhattarai ◽

Nidhi Giri ◽

Jitendra Singh ◽

Tarakant Bhagat

Keyword(s):

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Dental Anxiety ◽

College Teaching ◽

Dental Procedure ◽

Actual Treatment ◽

Medical College ◽

Dental Patients ◽

Orthodontic Patients ◽

Response To Stress ◽

Fear And Anxiety

Introduction: Anxiety is the state of feeling nervous or worried that something bad is going to happen. Dental anxiety is defined as a patient’s response to stress that is associated with a dental procedure. The aim of our study is to investigate the anxiety status of dental patients visiting Orthodontic department at Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar. Materials and Method: Total 80 ongoing orthodontic patients (M =21 F=59) who completed modified Dental Anxiety Scale questionnaire were included in the study. Result: Majority of patients (65%) had moderate anxiety where as 25% had mild anxiety and around 9% had severe to extreme anxiety. Patients’ age and education level had significant association with the level of dental anxiety. Conclusion: Dental anxiety in orthodontic patients is unavoidable but needs appropriate counseling. Orthodontist’s role is crucial in bridging the gap between patients’ perception towards orthodontic treatment and the actual treatment.

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Dental Psychological Stress or Phobia among Orthodontic Patients of Mardan

10.53350/pjmhs2115123442 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (12) ◽

pp. 3442-3443

Author(s):

Nazish Falak ◽

Sadia Nisar Ahmed ◽

Syed Shah Faisal Jan ◽

Haris . ◽

Alina Iqbal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Key Words ◽

Psychological Stress ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Dental Procedure ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Orthodontic Patients ◽

The Mean ◽

High Level

Objective: To assess the psychological stress or phobia due to dental procedure among patients. Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study Place and Duration of Study: Department of Orthodontic, Bacha Khan College of Dentistry/Medical Teaching Institute, Mardan from 1st January 2020 to 31st August 2021. Methodology: One hundred and twenty patients coming for orthodontal treatment with age between 12-31 years were enrolled. The demographic and psychological stress information was recorded. Results: There were more females (65%) than males (35%). The mean age was 15.5±3.2 years. About 82.5% patients reported high level of psychological stress or phobias towards dental treatments while 19.1% were those who had moderate psychological stress or phobias. Majority of the patient’s fear of pain was between 12-17 years. Patients having highest anxiety also belonged to the same group Conclusion: Dental phobias and fears are widespread among patients seeking dental treatments. Orthodontists should recognize the dental phobias and fears so they efficiently interconnect with the patients. Key words: Orthodontic treatment, Pain, Dental phobia

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Assessing Patient Participation Burden Based on Protocol Design Characteristics

Therapeutic Innovation & Regulatory Science ◽

10.1177/2168479019867284 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 216847901986728

Author(s):

Kenneth Getz ◽

Venkat Sethuraman ◽

Jessica Rine ◽

Yaritza Peña ◽

Sharma Ramanathan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Online Survey ◽

Protocol Design ◽

Retention Rates ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Perceived Burden ◽

Study Results ◽

Design Characteristics ◽

And Performance ◽

Viable Approach ◽

Patient Burden

Background: Although a number of studies have quantitatively measured investigative site burden to administer increasingly complex protocol designs, robust scholarly research has not been performed to quantify the burden that patients face as participants in clinical trials. Methods: This paper presents the results of a cross-sectional pilot study conducted by the Tufts Center for the Study of Drug Development and ZS Associates among nearly 600 patients via an online survey conducted between February and March 2019. Respondents rated the perceived burden of 60 commonly administered protocol procedures. The association and relationship between overall patient burden—derived from aggregating mean perceived burden ratings for individual procedures—and performance (eg, screen failure and retention rates, clinical trial cycle times) for a cross-sectional sample of 137 individual protocols was assessed. Descriptive statistics, significance tests, and univariate analyses were performed. Results: Strong positive, statistically significant associations were observed between a composite measure of patient burden and protocol-specific design and performance measures, most notably study visits above the tolerable mean and the study conduct duration from first patient first visit to last patient last visit. Conclusions: The study results suggest a new and viable approach to optimize protocol design and improve patient engagement.

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The influencing factors of citizen of Bandung preferences towards dental quack on constructing custom-made orthodontic appliances

Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.24198/pjd.vol28no3.13685 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Akhyar Dyni Zakyah ◽

Shekarwangi Rosabella ◽

Nuzulul Hafizoh ◽

Avi Laviana ◽

Asty Samiaty Setiawan

Keyword(s):

Influencing Factors ◽

Low Income ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Influencing Factor ◽

Lower Price ◽

Orthodontic Appliances ◽

Orthodontic Appliance ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Study Results ◽

Custom Made

Introduction: Braces often used in the treatment of malocclusion. However, in recent years malocclusion no longer becomes the reason for orthodontic treatment. Many people use it merely for a lifestyle purpose, and most of them got it from the dental quack. This study was aimed to understand the influencing factors of the citizen of Bandung preferences towards dental quack on constructing custom-made orthodontic appliances. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study with purposive sampling technique consisted of 30 samples. The inclusion criteria were subject wearing dental quack custom-made orthodontic appliance; citizen of Bandung; and willing to participate in the study. Exclusion criteria were subject refused to participate in the study. Results: The study showed that most of the subject (73%) were using the treatment for the teeth alignment, and only a few were using for the lifestyle purpose only. From all subjects wearing orthodontic appliance, 63% of them were chosen dental quack custom-made orthodontic appliance due to the lower price, and 37% of the rest due to peer’s suggestion who had it before. The combination of the low income with the needs of orthodontic treatment and inadequate information regarding orthodontic appliance such as dental braces affected the subjects preferences towards the dental quack custom-made orthodontic appliance. Overall, the socioeconomic environment is the most influencing factor of preference. Conclusion: A lower price was the most influencing factor of high preferences for the dental quack custom-made orthodontic appliance.

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PSYCHOLOGICAL EXPERIENCE OF CLIENTS DIAGNOSED WITH GLAUCOMA IN TWO SELECTED EYE CLINICS IN ACCRA, GHANA

International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH ◽

10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i9.2017.2198 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (9) ◽

pp. 52-67

Author(s):

Daniel Bruce ◽

V. Mawuli Eshun

Keyword(s):

Survey Design ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Psychosocial Care ◽

Severe Depression ◽

Psychosocial Distress ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Stress Levels ◽

Anxiety Levels

The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of psychosocial problems among persons living with glaucoma and also find out whether socio-demographic characteristics of glaucoma patients significantly affect their levels of psychosocial distress. The cross-sectional survey design was chosen. One hundred (100) patients with glaucoma were selected from two Eye clinics in Accra as the sampled population. One-Way ANOVA, independent t-test and Pearson correlation were used for data analysis. Results from the analysis showed that 99% of the patients reported mild to extremely severe depression. One percent (1%) of the sample reported normal depression levels. It was also observed from the analysis that 75% of the patients reported mild to extremely severe anxiety levels and, 25% reported normal anxiety levels. On stress levels, 45% of glaucoma patients reported mild to severe stress levels whilst 55% of reported normal stress levels. Further analysis showed that female glaucoma patients reported higher depression, anxiety and stress levels than male glaucoma patients, younger glaucoma patients reported higher depression, anxiety and stress levels than older glaucoma patients. However, no statistically significant differences exist among Glaucoma patients who are employed, unemployed and self-employed in their depression and anxiety levels but differed significantly on their stress levels. No statistically significant differences exist among Glaucoma patients who are single, married, widowed and divorced in their depression and anxiety levels but differed significantly on their stress levels. Additionally, there is a significant positive relationship between patients’ social distress and emotional distress (DASS). It is concluded that there is substantial level of psychosocial distress among patients with glaucoma. Patients’ age, sex and marital status significantly affecting their psychosocial distress and therefore, psychosocial care should be included in the healthcare of these patients.

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The Relationship between Living Environment and Life Satisfaction in Residents of Rasht City, North of Iran

Journal of Holistic Nursing and Midwifery ◽

10.32598/jhnm.31.3.2083 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 194-202

Author(s):

Abolfazl Etebarian Khorasgani ◽

◽

Atefeh Ghanbari Khanghah ◽

Ezzat Paryad ◽

Zahra Atrkar Roshan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Life Satisfaction ◽

Satisfaction With Life ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Local Area ◽

Living Environment ◽

Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Study Results ◽

North Of Iran

Introduction: Life satisfaction reflects an individual's overall feelings about life, influenced by various factors. Objective: This study aimed to identify and introduce the indices related to the living environment that affect life satisfaction. Materials and Methods: This study was performed on 1000 residents of 55 neighborhoods of Rasht City (north of Iran) by an analytical cross-sectional method. The participants were chosen with a multistage cluster sampling method. The study data were collected using questionnaires, including the residents' characteristics, indicators of the living environment, and the satisfaction with life scale. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and inferential statistics, including the Pearson correlation coefficient, independent t test, analysis of variance, and linear regression. Results: Based on the present study results, the mean±SD age of the subjects in the study was 43.73 ±15.55 years. The analysis showed that their level of life satisfaction was average mean ±SD: 19.41 ±7.63, range: 5-35). The regression analysis identified dissatisfaction of facilities (B= -0.366; 95%Cl : -0.434, -0.298; P= 0.001), satisfaction with living in the local area (B= 0.248; Cl: 0.123, 0.373; P= 0.001), duration of residence (B: -0.364;95% Cl: -0.625, -0.102; P= 0.006) and gender (women compared to men) (B: 0.896; Cl: 0.011, 1.781; P=0.047) as the predictors of life satisfaction. Conclusions: According to the results, the life satisfaction of our study participants was at a moderate level and was affected by living environment indicators, especially facilities.

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The UPTAKE healStudy: Implications for the Future of COVID-19 Vaccination Trial Recruitment in UK and Beyond

10.21203/rs.3.rs-136882/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sonika Sethi ◽

Aditi Kumar ◽

Anandadeep Mandal ◽

Mohammed Shaikh ◽

Claire Anne Hall ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Online Survey ◽

Logistic Models ◽

Small Towns ◽

Vaccine Uptake ◽

Effective Vaccine ◽

Trial Recruitment ◽

Trial Management ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Study Results ◽

The Future

Abstract Background: Developing a safe and effective vaccine will be the principal way of controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. However, current COVID-19 vaccination trials are not adequately representing a diverse participant population in terms of age, ethnicity and comorbidities. Achieving the representative recruitment targets that are adequately powered to the study remains one of the greatest challenges in clinical trial management. To ensure accuracy and generalizability of the safety and efficacy conclusions generated by clinical trials, it is crucial to recruit patient cohorts as representative as possible of the future target population. Missing these targets can lead to reduced validity of the study results, and can often slow down drug development leading to costly delays. This study explores the key factors related to perceptions and participation in vaccination trials. Methods: This study involved an anonymous cross-sectional online survey circulated across the UK. Statistical analysis was done in six phases. Multi-nominal logistic models examined demographic and geographic factors that may impact vaccine uptake. Results: The survey had 4884 participants of which 9·44% were BAME (Black Asian Minority Ethnic). Overall 2020 (41.4%) respondents were interested in participating in vaccine trials; 27.6% of the respondents were not interested and 31.1.% were unsure. The most interested groups were male (OR=1.290), graduates (OR=1.277), the 40-49 and 50-59 age group (OR=1.880 and OR=1.460 respectively) and those with no health issues (OR=1.064). The least interested groups were BAME (OR=0.427), those from villages and small towns (OR=0.66 and 0.54 respectively), and those aged 70 and above (OR=1.11).Conclusions: In order to have a vaccination that is generalizable to the entire population, greater work needs to be done in engaging a diverse cohort of participants. Public health campaigns need to be targeted in improving trial recruitment rates for the elderly, BAME community and the less educated rural population.

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