scholarly journals Width and surface of leaf blades of Lolium multiflorum Lam.

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-97
Author(s):  
H. Dalkiewicz-Baranowska ◽  
J. Mazurowa
Keyword(s):  
Joint Action ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Surface Increase ◽  
Diploid Form

Differences in the shape of ribs can be observed in transverse sections of leaf blades of Italian ryegrass (<i>Lolium multiflorum</i> Lam.) var. 'Szelejewska', a diploid, has ribs similar to triangles, and 'Kroto', a tetraploid, has ribs which are more rounded, dome-like. A coefficient expressing width and surface increase of the leaf blade in relation to unribbed leaves has been determined. This coefficient (W) was calculated from the ratio of upper, wavy part of the leaf blade (g), to its width W=g/l. For Italian ryegrass the coefficient is from 1.5-1.46 and thus the width and the surface of the upper leaf blade is increased on the average by about 30%. With basic fertilization (1N) this coefficient is smaller for the diploid form as compared to the tetraploid. An increased dose of nitrogen (3N) causes increase of the coefficient in the diploid and a decrease in the tetraploid. Thus the joint action of the variety and fertilization in respect to the examined character is not equally significant to the two varieties.

scholarly journals Effect of herbage allowances on biomass flows in Italian ryegrass

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Arnhold Graminho ◽  
Marta Gomes da Rocha ◽  
Luciana Pötter ◽  
Aline Tatiane Nunes da Rosa ◽  
Paulo Roberto Salvador ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Similar Growth

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to determine the leaf tissue flows in Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), in different phenological stages, grazed by lambs, and managed under three herbage allowances (6, 9 and 12 kg DM/100 kg body weight under rotational stocking method. The experimental design was completely randomized, with repeated measures arrangement. Forage allowances determined similar growth and intake flows, actual and potential utilization efficiencies of grass and they were different in the phenological stages of Italian ryegrass. The intake of leaf blade, as a percentage of body weight, was higher in the 12% herbage allowance. Considering leaf tissue flows, Italian ryegrass can be managed in forage allowances that vary between 6 and 12 kg DM/100 kg body weight.

Some varietal differences in factors affecting nutritive value and in recovery after cutting in Lolium multiflorum

1978 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 401-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Wilman ◽  
C. P. E. Omaliko
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Shoot Apex ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
The Other ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Cutting Height

SummaryFour varieties of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum), which have been found to differ in voluntary intake by livestock at the same level of digestibility, were examined in the year of sowing and in the two subsequent years in a field experiment. Eight dates of first harvest during May–June in the years after the year of sowing were compared. During May–June in these years the proportion of leaf in the crop was closely related to the stage of development of the crop relative to heading date, whereas yield and digestibility were more closely related to calendar date. As a result the later-heading varieties, S. 22 and Sabalan, had a higher proportion of leaf than the earlier-heading varieties, RvP and Tetila Tetrone, at a given yield and digestibility and this may at least partly account for higher intake in the former varieties. In addition, in Sabalan, the proportion of green leaf relative to dead was particularly high and the proportion of cell wall particularly low. The surface area per unit dry weight of leaf blade was much higher than that of ‘stem’, which may contribute to shorter retention time in the reticulo-rumen. Surface area per unit weight of both leaf blade and ‘stem’ declined with delay in date of first harvest.The yield of RvP relative to the other varieties was modest at the first harvest in the years after the year of sowing and high at subsequent harvests, in accord with National Institute of Agricultural Botany results. The high yield of RvP relative to the other varieties after the first harvest appeared to be associated with a relatively large number of tillers with their shoot apex below cutting height at the time of first harvest. It seemed that most of these tillers had emerged during the few weeks before that harvest. The proportion of tillers with their shoot apex below rather than above cutting height at the time of first harvest was higher in all four varieties than casual observation would suggest and the proportion remained rather high throughout May and June. The rapid rate of turnover of tillers in Italian ryegrass was confirmed.

Inhibitory effects of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) seedlings of rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.J Jang ◽  
K.R. Kim ◽  
Y.B. Yun ◽  
S.S. Kim ◽  
Y.I Kuk
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Inhibitory Effects

Quantitative trait loci analysis of nitrate-nitrogen content in Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.)

Euphytica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 217 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenqing Tan ◽  
Di Zhang ◽  
Nana Yuyama ◽  
Jun Chen ◽  
Shinichi Sugita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Trait Loci

Protection of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) seedlings from salinity stress following seed priming with L-methionine and casein hydrolysate

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Keum-Ah Lee ◽  
Youngnam Kim ◽  
Hossein Alizadeh ◽  
David W.M. Leung
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Protein Amino Acids

Abstract Seed priming with water (hydropriming or HP) has been shown to be beneficial for seed germination and plant growth. However, there is little information on the effects of seed priming with amino acids and casein hydrolysate (CH) compared with HP, particularly in relation to early post-germinative seedling growth under salinity stress. In this study, Italian ryegrass seeds (Lolium multiflorum L.) were primed with 1 mM of each of the 20 protein amino acids and CH (200 mg l−1) before they were germinated in 0, 60 and 90 mM NaCl in Petri dishes for 4 d in darkness. Germination percentage (GP), radicle length (RL) and peroxidase (POD) activity in the root of 4-d-old Italian ryegrass seedlings were investigated. Generally, when the seeds were germinated in 0, 60 and 90 mM NaCl, there was no significant difference in GP of seeds among various priming treatments, except that a higher GP was observed in seeds of HP treatment compared with the non-primed seeds when incubated in 60 mM NaCl. When incubated in 60 and 90 mM NaCl, seedlings from seeds primed with L-methionine or CH exhibited greater RL (greater protection against salinity stress) and higher root POD activity than those from non-primed and hydro-primed seeds. Under salinity stress, there were higher levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the root of 4-d-old Italian ryegrass seedlings, a marker of oxidative stress, but seed priming with CH was effective in reducing the salinity-triggered increase in MDA content. These results suggest that priming with L-methionine or CH would be better than HP for the protection of seedling root growth under salinity stress and might be associated with enhanced antioxidative defence against salinity-induced oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Characterization of the hydroxyproline-rich protein core of an arabinogalactan-protein secreted from suspension-cultured Lolium multiflorum (Italian ryegrass) endosperm cells

1989 ◽  
Vol 264 (3) ◽  
pp. 857-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
P A Gleeson ◽  
M McNamara ◽  
R E H Wettenhall ◽  
B A Stone ◽  
G B Fincher
Keyword(s):  
Polyclonal Antibodies ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Arabinogalactan Protein ◽  
Myeloma Protein ◽  
Protein Core ◽  
Liquid Suspension ◽  
Peptide Component ◽  
Immunodominant Epitopes

An arabinogalactan-protein (AGP) purified from the filtrate of liquid-suspension-cultured Italian-ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) endosperm cells by affinity chromatography on myeloma protein J539-Sepharose was deglycosylated with trifluoromethanesulphonic acid to remove polysaccharide chains that are covalently associated with hydroxyproline residues in the peptide component of the proteoglycan. The protein core, which accounts for less than 10% (w/w) of the intact proteoglycan, was purified by h.p.l.c. It has an apparent Mr of 35,000, but reacts very poorly with both Coomassie Brilliant Blue R and silver stains. Amino-acid-sequence analysis of the N-terminus of the h.p.l.c.-purified protein core and of tryptic peptides generated from the unpurified protein reveals a high content of hydroxyproline and alanine. These are sometimes arranged in short (Ala-Hyp) repeat sequences of up to six residues. Polyclonal antibodies raised against the protein core do not cross-react with native AGP, the synthetic peptide (Ala-Hyp)4, poly-L-hydroxyproline or poly-L-proline. The results suggest that the polysaccharide chains in the native AGP render the protein core of the proteoglycan inaccessible to the antibodies and that the immunodominant epitopes include domains of the protein other than those rich in Ala-Hyp repeating units.

Seed germination behavior of glyphosate‐resistant and susceptible Italian ryegrass ( Lolium multiflorum Lam.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afonso Henrique Schaeffer ◽  
Diógenes Cecchin Silveira ◽  
Otávio Augusto Schaeffer ◽  
Nadia Canali Lângaro ◽  
Leandro Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Italian Ryegrass

No-till, no-herbicide forage soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) cropping system with an Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) living mulch

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Kaneko ◽  
Sunao Uozumi ◽  
Eiko Touno ◽  
Shin Deguchi
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Living Mulch ◽  
No Till ◽  
Glycine Max L
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