scholarly journals Soil fungi communities from young Scots pine plantations affected with root rot

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Szewczyk
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Soil Fungi ◽  
Quantitative Characteristic ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Tree Roots ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Forest District

The aim of work was to investigate the qualitative and quantitative characteristic features of soil fungi associations occurring in I class pine stands threatened by pathogens of tree roots in Zielonka Experimental Forest District. During the mycological analyses of soil, a total of 694 isolates of fungi representing 33 species were obtained. The most numerously represented species was <em>Penicillium daleae</em> which made 75% of all isolates. The second place in the ranking belonged to <em>Penicillium janczewski</em> amounting to 11%. In order to define the qualitative and quantitative similarity between the studied areas, a proportional inconformity was determined. The greatest similarity occurred between the associations of soil fungi obtained from site 64c and 35b.

scholarly journals From the investigations on Armillaria root rot occurrence in young Scots pine stands in Zielonka Forest District

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 319-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Szewczyk ◽  
Małgorzata Mańka
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Frequent Occurrence ◽  
Armillaria Ostoyae ◽  
Armillaria Root Rot ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Forest District ◽  
Scots Pine Stands

Armillaria root rot, one of the most dangerous diseases in our forests, is caused in Poland mainly by <i>Armillaria ostoyae</i>, especially severe in young Scots pine stands, established after broadleaved stands or with participation of broadleaved species. In Forest District Zielonka young stands are severly affected by Armillaria root rot. Only one species, A.ostoyae, was found in the young (8-14 yrs) Scots pine stands, despite the presence of other <i>Armillaria</i> species in the district. The pathogen's frequent occurrence may be due, <i>inter alia</i>, to favouring environmental factors.

scholarly journals Merchantability and assortment structure of pine stands affected by root rot in the Volyn Polissya region, Ukraine

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-103
Author(s):  
Sergiy Musienko ◽  
Volodymyr Luk’yanets ◽  
Oksana Tarnopylska ◽  
Oleksii Kobets ◽  
Vira Babenko
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Average Length ◽  
The State ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
The Cost

Abstract The study was conducted in the forests of the State Enterprise “Gorodotske Forest Economy”, located in the Manevytsko-Volodymyretsky region of the Volyn Polissya in Ukraine. The annosum root rot (Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref.) impact on timber merchantability was investigated. The comparison of the cost estimation of stands assortment structure was carried out on the basis of the market value at current selling prices of the State Enterprise “Gorodotske Forest Economy” of the Volyn Regional Department of Forestry and Hunting as of 2017, taking into account the quality and the average length of the assortments. We present a comparative analysis of productivity, merchantability and assortment structure and financial value of timber volume by various assortments of pine and birch stands of the Volyn Polissya region affected by annosum root rot. We found that in the pine plantations, the overall productivity and the value of merchantable wood was higher by 42% in the control sites (areas between the fungal disease centers) as compared with those in the root rot disease centers. In the middle-aged birch-pine stands, the value of merchantable wood was higher than that in pine plantations of 34 the comparable age: by 9% in the disease centers and by 8% in control sites.

scholarly journals SONOCHEMICAL PROCESSING INDUSTRIAL AND BIOLOGICAL МАТЕRIALS

2021 ◽  
pp. 79-94
Author(s):  
Ярослав Олегович Шабловский
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Heterogeneous Reaction ◽  
Quantitative Characteristic ◽  
Extreme Case ◽  
Dense Phase ◽  
Wave Regime ◽  
Sediment Grain Size ◽  
Reaction Systems ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Characteristic Features

Проанализированы технологически значимые факторы, обеспечивающие возможности управления сонохимическими процессами. Выявлены качественные и количественные закономерности влияния акустических воздействий на химические процессы в гомогенных и в гетерогенных реакционных системах. Показано, что сонохимический эффект может быть не только положительным (инициирование химической реакции), но и отрицательным (подавление реакции). Соответственно, в экстремальном случае возможен сонохимический резонанс (максимум эффективности акустического воздействия) либо сонохимический антирезонанс (минимум эффективности акустического воздействия). Акустическая обработка конденсированных сред в режиме стоячей волны позволяет контролировать характерный размер частиц плотных фракций: укрупнять частицы кристаллического осадка (соноиндуцированный эффект Тананаева) либо, наоборот, измельчать плотную фазу без использования мелющих тел. The paper deals with technologically essential factors governing sonochemical processes. Qualitative and quantitative characteristic features of sonoinduced chemical processes in homogeneous and heterogeneous reaction systems are revealed and discussed. A sonochemical effect can be either positive (promoting a reaction) or negative (suppressing a reaction). In an extreme case a sonochemical resonance or a sonochemical antiresonance can occur. Ultrasonic processing condensed media in a standing-wave regime enables to control the grain size of dense fractions. Namely, the sediment grain size can be enhanced (Tananayev sonoinduced effect) or, vice versa, a dense phase can be comminuted without grinding.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of growth, development and climate-stabilizing significance of pine plantations of the Ukrainian Carpathians

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Moroz ◽  
N. Stasyuk ◽  
L. Tymoshenko
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Correlation Matrices ◽  
Pine Tree ◽  
Mathematical Equations ◽  
Reduce Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Forest District

Peculiarities of growth and development of pine forest plantations in the Ukrainian Carpathians by forestry districts: Precarpathian, Mountain Carpathian and Transcarpathian plains and foothills are determined. Mathematical dependences of pine growth and development on age, height and diameter are offered. According to the obtained mathematical empirical dependences, it was established that Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) grows and develops better in the Mountain Carpathian forest district. In the Mountain Carpathian Forestry County, the growth of pine is dominated by 2% for the Precarpathian forest district, and in Transcarpathian plains and foothills by 1%. By completeness in the Gorge of Cocarpathian forestry County, the diameter of the pine is higher than the Carpathian forest county on the 3%, and the Transcarpathian plains and the foothills — 1%. Using the Microsoft Excel data analysis package, correlation matrices were constructed and regression and variance analysis of such indicators as: age, height, diameter, phytomass — wood, bark, and crown was performed. Mathematical equations were obtained, which made it possible to establish the biological productivity of Pinus sylvestris L. Using the obtained empirical equations according to the methods of IPCC (Intergovernmental Panelon Climate Change, 2015), G. Matthews (1993) and I.Ya. Liepa (1980) established the carbon-absorbing and oxygen-forming capacity of pine tree plantations at the age of 70 on an area of 1 ha. It is determined that on the area of 1 ha pine plantations absorb the most carbon — 88.9 tons, and produce oxygen — 262.2 tons in the Mountain Carpathian Forestry District, in the Precarpathian Forestry District 76.0 tons of carbon and 224.1 tons of oxygen, in the Transcarpathian plains and foothills Scots pine absorbs 69.5 tons of carbon and produces 204.9 tons of oxygen. The amount of CO2 emissions into the environment in the conditions of the Ukrainian Carpathians is analyzed, it was established that pine forests reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 32%.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of natural and artificial regeneration in Nowa Dęba Forest District

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-241
Author(s):  
Justyna Długosiewicz ◽  
Stanisław Zając ◽  
Emilia Wysocka-Fijorek ◽  
Małgorzata Sułkowska
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
Artificial Regeneration ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Pine Regeneration ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Forest District ◽  
Scots Pine Stands

Abstract New challenges related to the multifunctional role of forests in consideration of both natural environment and economy come into view sequentially. In current forestry practice, an important element is not only the quality of forest cultivations (silvicultural aspect) but also the costs incurred for their production and tending (economic aspect). The main purpose of this article is to show the prospect of increasing positive silvicultural effects depending on the method used in management of Scots pine stands under given site conditions. The comparative analysis was carried out using the study results obtained in the Forest District Nowa Dęba and those presented in other relevant studies. In the present study, we examined whether the site conditions have significant effects on silvicultural and economic effectiveness of regeneration and development of Scots pine stands or those predominated by Scots pine in the initial stages of stand growth. Significance of the regeneration method effects on growth characteristics of Scots pine regeneration as well as the costs of forest cultivation management was analysed. The study on silvicultural and economic effectiveness was carried out in the Forest District Nowa Dęba. The results obtained showed that using Scots pine natural regeneration under the conditions of fresh coniferous forest site and fresh mixed coniferous forest site was the way of management based on reason. This was supported by both the values of regeneration growth parameters and silvicultural quality along with clearly lower expenditures incurred to achieve these effects. In wet mixed coniferous site, Scots pine seedlings regenerated naturally; however, the results indicated their lower silvicultural quality and growth parameter values when compared to those artificially regenerated. In fresh mixed broadleaved forest site, equally for silvicultural and economic reasons, the more optimal option was to regenerate forest using traditional planting material as natural Scots pine regeneration showed lower silvicultural effects. The unit costs of regeneration and maintenance of stands with self-sown Scots pine in fresh mixed broadleaved forest site were higher when compared with other examined forest sites. On the basis of the results of the present study, it can be concluded that regardless of the regeneration method examined, the most differentiating factor of the final economic effect of Scots pine stand establishment and maintenance was the cost of regeneration operation. The expenditure for this purpose consumed the largest part of expenses incurred in artificial regeneration variant. The higher cost of corrections in artificially planted forest cultivations in poorer forest sites was one of the reasons behind the profitable final balance of naturally regenerating Scots pine stands. Differences between other costs analysed were not significant. The results of the present study may contribute to comprehensive assessments of natural and artificial ways of forest regeneration and indicate forest production costs that are the most closely related to site conditions.

scholarly journals Current state and productivity of age-old experimental plantations of prof. V.D. Ogievsky in the northeastern part of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-202
Author(s):  
M. Zhezhkun ◽  
L.V. Demianenko
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Mixed Composition ◽  
Natural Origin ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Current State ◽  
Pine Stands

Abstract This research is aimed at determining the health condition and productivity of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands created during 1906–1908 on the initiative of Prof. V. D. Ogievsky. The scheme of silvicultural experiments included: determining the influence of different widths and directions of clear felling on the natural regeneration, testing of pine plantations of pure and mixed composition and the choice of methods for their creation. In terms of health condition, 103–105-year-old artificial pine stands are weakened and their health condition is slightly worse compared to the aged pines of natural origin. The productivity of age-old linden-pine plantations is higher than of pure pine plantations, and the stock of stem wood in plantations created by seed sowing and marketability is higher compared to the plantations created by planting seedlings.

scholarly journals PATHOLOGICAL PROCESS OF ROOT SPONGE OF PINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF FOREST EDATOPS AND CLIMATE CHANGE STATE ENTERPRISE «ZARICHANSKE FORESTRY»

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (43) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Levchenko ◽  
G. Martenuk ◽  
I. Pasichnyk ◽  
T. Maksymova
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
The State ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
The Impact

Topical issues of forest pathological monitoring of Scots pine plantations on old arable lands affected by root sponge, as well as the impact of different soil types and climate change on the degree of damage to 20-35-year-old pine stands are substantiated.The subject of the work is the causative agent of the root sponge of Scots pine, which has become widespread in the old arable lands in the conditions of the State Enterprise "Zarichanske Forestry". The causative agent of the root sponge of Scots pine affects forest plantations aged 20-35 years on lands withdrawn from agricultural use. Climate change, in particular the increased temperature of the above-ground air layer, as well as the decrease in precipitation during June-August, exacerbate the pathological process of the root sponge pathogen of Scots pine, which forms epiphytosis in large areas.The aim of the work is a detailed study of the pathology of the causative agent of the root sponge of Scots pine in old arable lands, as well as the impact of different soil types and climatic conditions on the spread of infection in forest edatops of the State Enterprise «Zarichanske Forestry».The main methods of work are calculation and analytical collection and processing of phytopathological examination of pine plantations on old arable lands, monitoring of the impact of different types of forest soils on the spread of the root sponge of Scots pine in forest edatopes of the State Enterprise «Zarichanske Forestry» and pine stands with determination of the nature of drying depending on the degree of damage by the pathogen of the root sponge with changes in climatic conditions.According to the results of the work it was established that the causative agent of the root sponge of Scots pine affects stands at a young age of 20-35 years, depending on the type of fallow soils used in agriculture, as well as changes in climatic factors. It is established that the increase in temperature in the surface layer of the soil in June-August to +32oC significantly reduces the resistance of pine stands to the pathogen of the root sponge.The scope of the results is the forestry enterprises of the Zhytomyr Regional Department of Forestry and Hunting in order to preserve and protect the incoming pine forest plantations from the pathogen of the root sponge in the Polissya zone of Ukraine.The conclusions of the research are that in pine plantations on old arable lands the decisive role belongs to the pathogen of the root sponge in the curtain drying of pine stands in the conditions of A2-A3, B2-B3 of SE «Zarichanske Forestry». Foci of drying of Scots pine stands are formed on infertile soils lighter in mechanical composition. The decrease in rainfall and the increase in air temperature to +32, + 36oC for the period 2018-2020 has led to a significant decrease in the resistance of pine stands in old arable lands to the pathogen of the root sponge of Scots pine. High density of pine stands at a young age (25-30 years) and stopping the radial growth in conditions of excessive density without active differentiation and timely fall lead to a decrease in the resistance of Scots pine to the pathogen of the root sponge and as a result - their complete drying. In the cells of pine stands from the causative agent of the root sponge, the effect of precipitation during active growth (June-August) is higher than the coefficient of determination r=0.70 p<0.01 than in the adjacent intact stand (r=0.43, p <0.05). This means the leading role of moisture in increasing the resistance of pine stands to the pathogen of the root sponge at 25-35 years of age. Reduction of precipitation from 420 to 210 mm during 2010-2020 in the areas of forest use of SE «Zarichanske LH» with a simultaneous increase in air temperature in the surface layer from 25 to 32 oC is one of the reasons for reducing the stability of pine plantations aged 25-30 years on old arable lands to the pathogen of the root sponge of Scots pine.Keywords: pathogen, Scots pine, forest stands, epiphytosis, soil type, arable land, climate change.

Dynamics in maturing Scots pine monoculture in north-east Belgium

1990 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Maddelein ◽  
N. Lust ◽  
S. Meyen ◽  
B. Muys
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Deciduous Tree ◽  
Red Oak ◽  
Black Cherry ◽  
Deschampsia Flexuosa ◽  
North East ◽  
Stand Conversion ◽  
Pine Stands

The  State Forest Pijnven, created early this century by afforestation with Scots  pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) of  heathland areas is now characterised in most stands by an important ingrowth  of deciduous tree species. Ingrowth is dominated by red oak (Quercus rubra L.) and black cherry (Prunus serotina Ehrh.), both  species originating from North America.  Deciduous ingrowth in the pine stands profoundly influences herbal  composition of the stand. Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) Trin., abundant in all older pine stands, disappears when  deciduous trees settle and species diversity, already low in the pine stands,  further diminishes. Important oak and cherry regeneration is depending on the  presence of seed trees in the vicinity; when lacking, a new pine generation  manages to settle. A good red oak regeneration can be useful as a basis for  stand conversion towards a mixed, uneven-aged deciduous forest type, but in  many cases this possibility is hampered by massive invasion of black cherry,  preventing all other species to regenerate.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document