A concise review on lipidomics analysis in biological samples

Lipids are a complex and critical heterogeneous molecular entity, playing an intricate and key role in understanding biological activities and disease processes. Lipidomics aims to quantitatively define the lipid classes, including their molecular species. The analysis of the biological tissues and fluids are challenging due to the extreme sample complexity and occurrence of the molecular species as isomers or isobars. This review documents the overview of lipidomics workflow, beginning from the approaches of sample preparation, various analytical techniques and emphasizing the state-of-the-art mass spectrometry either by shotgun or coupled with liquid chromatography. We have considered the latest ion mobility spectroscopy technologies to deal with the vast number of structural isomers, different imaging techniques. All these techniques have their pitfalls and we have discussed how to circumvent them after reviewing the power of each technique with examples.

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Advances in mass spectrometry imaging coupled to ion mobility spectrometry for enhanced imaging of biological tissues

Current Opinion in Chemical Biology ◽

10.1016/j.cbpa.2017.12.005 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

pp. 138-146 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Marta Sans ◽

Clara L Feider ◽

Livia S Eberlin

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Ion Mobility Spectrometry ◽

Ion Mobility ◽

Mass Spectrometry Imaging ◽

Biological Tissues ◽

Enhanced Imaging

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Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids: Biosynthesis, Biological Activities and Occurrence in Crop Plants

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24030498 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 498 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Sebastian Schramm ◽

Nikolai Köhler ◽

Wilfried Rozhon

Keyword(s):

Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Structural Diversity ◽

Plant Ecology ◽

Crop Plants ◽

Agricultural Products ◽

Vast Number ◽

Feeding Experiments ◽

Novel Structures ◽

Homospermidine Synthase

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are heterocyclic secondary metabolites with a typical pyrrolizidine motif predominantly produced by plants as defense chemicals against herbivores. They display a wide structural diversity and occur in a vast number of species with novel structures and occurrences continuously being discovered. These alkaloids exhibit strong hepatotoxic, genotoxic, cytotoxic, tumorigenic, and neurotoxic activities, and thereby pose a serious threat to the health of humans since they are known contaminants of foods including grain, milk, honey, and eggs, as well as plant derived pharmaceuticals and food supplements. Livestock and fodder can be affected due to PA-containing plants on pastures and fields. Despite their importance as toxic contaminants of agricultural products, there is limited knowledge about their biosynthesis. While the intermediates were well defined by feeding experiments, only one enzyme involved in PA biosynthesis has been characterized so far, the homospermidine synthase catalyzing the first committed step in PA biosynthesis. This review gives an overview about structural diversity of PAs, biosynthetic pathways of necine base, and necic acid formation and how PA accumulation is regulated. Furthermore, we discuss their role in plant ecology and their modes of toxicity towards humans and animals. Finally, several examples of PA-producing crop plants are discussed.

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Aspartic Acid Isomerization Characterized by High Definition Mass Spectrometry Significantly Alters the Bioactivity of a Novel Toxin from Poecilotheria

Toxins ◽

10.3390/toxins12040207 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 207 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Stephen R. Johnson ◽

Hillary G. Rikli

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Protein Interactions ◽

Ion Mobility ◽

Protein Protein Interactions ◽

High Definition ◽

Vast Number ◽

Post Translational Modifications ◽

C Terminus ◽

Acid Isomerization

Research in toxinology has created a pharmacological paradox. With an estimated 220,000 venomous animals worldwide, the study of peptidyl toxins provides a vast number of effector molecules. However, due to the complexity of the protein-protein interactions, there are fewer than ten venom-derived molecules on the market. Structural characterization and identification of post-translational modifications are essential to develop biological lead structures into pharmaceuticals. Utilizing advancements in mass spectrometry, we have created a high definition approach that fuses conventional high-resolution MS-MS with ion mobility spectrometry (HDMSE) to elucidate these primary structure characteristics. We investigated venom from ten species of “tiger” spider (Genus: Poecilotheria) and discovered they contain isobaric conformers originating from non-enzymatic Asp isomerization. One conformer pair conserved in five of ten species examined, denominated PcaTX-1a and PcaTX-1b, was found to be a 36-residue peptide with a cysteine knot, an amidated C-terminus, and isoAsp33Asp substitution. Although the isomerization of Asp has been implicated in many pathologies, this is the first characterization of Asp isomerization in a toxin and demonstrates the isomerized product’s diminished physiological effects. This study establishes the value of a HDMSE approach to toxin screening and characterization.

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Evaluation of top-down mass spectrometry and ion-mobility spectroscopy as a means of mapping protein-binding motifs within heparin chains

The Analyst ◽

10.1039/d0an00097c ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 145 (8) ◽

pp. 3090-3099 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yunlong Zhao ◽

Igor A. Kaltashov

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Protein Binding ◽

Ion Mobility ◽

Structural Elements ◽

Client Protein ◽

Top Down ◽

Binding Motifs ◽

Ion Mobility Spectroscopy ◽

High Degree ◽

Top Down Mass Spectrometry

Identifying structural elements within glycosaminoglycans that enable their interaction with a specific client protein remains a challenging task due to the high degree of both intra- and inter-chain heterogeneity exhibited by this polysaccharide.

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Synthesis of Biologically Active Molecules through Multicomponent Reactions

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25030505 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 505 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Daniel Insuasty ◽

Juan Castillo ◽

Diana Becerra ◽

Hugo Rojas ◽

Rodrigo Abonia

Keyword(s):

Multicomponent Reaction ◽

Biological Property ◽

Multicomponent Reactions ◽

Organic Molecules ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Vast Number ◽

Key Points ◽

Reported Data ◽

Synthetic Approaches

Focusing on the literature progress since 2002, the present review explores the highly significant role that multicomponent reactions (MCRs) have played as a very important tool for expedite synthesis of a vast number of organic molecules, but also, highlights the fact that many of such molecules are biologically active or at least have been submitted to any biological screen. The selected papers covered in this review must meet two mandatory requirements: (1) the reported products should be obtained via a multicomponent reaction; (2) the reported products should be biologically actives or at least tested for any biological property. Given the diversity of synthetic approaches utilized in MCRs, the highly diverse nature of the biological activities evaluated for the synthesized compounds, and considering their huge structural variability, much of the reported data are organized into concise schemes and tables to facilitate comparison, and to underscore the key points of this review.

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Lipidomic Signatures Reveal Seasonal Shifts on the Relative Abundance of High-Valued Lipids from the Brown Algae Fucus vesiculosus

Marine Drugs ◽

10.3390/md17060335 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (6) ◽

pp. 335 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Elisabete da Costa ◽

Pedro Domingues ◽

Tânia Melo ◽

Elisabete Coelho ◽

Rui Pereira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Relative Abundance ◽

Molecular Species ◽

Polar Lipid ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Phenotypic Variability ◽

Fucus Vesiculosus ◽

Bioactive Molecules ◽

Betaine Lipids ◽

Lipid Species ◽

Promising Source

Fucus vesiculosus is an edible brown macroalga, with health benefits associated with its consumption and also a source of bioactive molecules. It is acknowledged that the biochemical composition of macroalgae changes when exposed to different environmental conditions occurring on different habitats, such as the water temperature, and light intensity. In the present study, the polar lipidome of Fucus vesiculosus was characterized for the first time using modern high-resolution HILIC–MS, and MS/MS approaches, to evaluate the phenotypic variability in two seasons of the year, e.g., winter and spring. A total of 187 molecular species were identified over eighteen classes of glycolipids, phospholipids and betaine lipids. Principal component analysis (PCA) multivariate statistical analysis and cluster analysis of polar lipid classes, polar lipid species and total fatty acids (FA) datasets, showed clustering according to the seasonal groups. While the lipid profile of Fucus vesiculosus harvested in the winter and spring yielded the same molecular species, the relative abundance of these species was significantly different. In the winter, changes were mainly due to the increased relative abundance of some molecular species of glycolipids and phospholipids, bearing octadeca(poly)enoic (18:3, 18:4) and eicosa(poly)enoic (20:4, 20:5) FA and betaine lipids species with short saturated FA (14:0) and polyunsaturated FA (PUFA). Importantly, glycolipids with n-3 PUFA and sulfolipids, have been reported to have important biological activities and therapeutic value. Overall, Fucus vesiculosus is a promising source of bioactive compounds that can be used as functional food or ingredients for human nutrition, feed, pharma, and cosmetic formulations. In this study, samples harvested in the winter season maximized yields of these bioactive components, when compared with samples harvested in the spring.

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Novel method based on ion mobility spectroscopy for the quantification of adulterants in honeys

Food Control ◽

10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107236 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 114 ◽

pp. 107236 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

María José Aliaño-González ◽

Marta Ferreiro-González ◽

Estrella Espada-Bellido ◽

Gerardo F. Barbero ◽

Miguel Palma

Keyword(s):

Ion Mobility ◽

Novel Method ◽

Ion Mobility Spectroscopy

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Interconversions of Structural Isomers of [PdAu8(PPh3)8]2+ and [Au9(PPh3)8]3+ Revealed by Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry

The Journal of Physical Chemistry C ◽

10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b04722 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 122 (40) ◽

pp. 23123-23128 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Keisuke Hirata ◽

Papri Chakraborty ◽

Abhijit Nag ◽

Shinjiro Takano ◽

Kiichirou Koyasu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Ion Mobility ◽

Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry ◽

Structural Isomers

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Synthesis and Spectral Studies of 4,4′-(Hydrazine-1,2-diylidenedimethylylidene)-bis-(2- methoxyphenol) and Its Transition Metal Complexes with Promising Biological Activities

Asian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.14233/ajchem.2020.22703 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 32 (7) ◽

pp. 1768-1772

Author(s):

Anita Rani ◽

Manoj Kumar ◽

Hardeep Singh Tuli ◽

Zahoor Abbas ◽

Vinit Prakash

Keyword(s):

Schiff Base ◽

Transition Metal ◽

Metal Complexes ◽

Transition Metal Complexes ◽

Schiff Base Ligand ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Condensation Reaction ◽

Analytical Techniques ◽

Spectral Studies

The study describes the synthesis, characterization and biological activity of a novel Schiff base ligand and its transition metal complexes. The Schiff base ligand was obtained by a condensation reaction between 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde (p-vanillin) and hydrazine hydrate using ethanol as solvent. A new series of Ni(II) and Fe(III) complexes were also derived by reaction of prepared Schiff base ligand with NiCl2 and FeCl3. Both the ligand and its metal complexes were characterized by solubility, melting point and elemental analysis. These compounds were further identified by analytical techniques, FTIR, NMR and mass spectrometry. The ligand and its transition metal complexes were also subjected to in vitro biological activities i.e. antimicrobial, antiangiogenic and DNA photo cleavage. For antimicrobial activity compounds were tested against two strains of bacteria and two strains of fungi. Different concentrations of prepared compounds were treated with fertilized chicken eggs and plasmid DNA to find out antiangiogenic and DNA photocleavage activity, respectively.

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