DIVERSIFICATION OF THE LEVEL OF EXPENDITURES ON FIXED ASSETS
FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND WATER MANAGEMENT
IN POLAND

The aim of the study was to analyze changes and to assess the diversification of the level of investment expenditures on fixed assets used for environmental protection and water management in Poland. The study period covered the years 2002-2015. Regional structure and dynamics of changes in the level of investment expenditures were analyzed. In addition, the share of investment expenditures on environmental protection and water management in investment expenditures on the national economy was calculated. There was an overall increase in investment outlays on fixed assets for environmental protection and water management in Poland, as evidenced by the increasing dynamics of changes over time.

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Investments in Polish Agriculture: How Production Factors Shape Conditions for Environmental Protection?

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12198160 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (19) ◽

pp. 8160

Author(s):

Piotr Bórawski ◽

Marta Guth ◽

Aneta Bełdycka-Bórawska ◽

Krzysztof Józef Jankowski ◽

Andrzej Parzonko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Management ◽

Environmental Protection ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Environmental Issues ◽

Organic Production ◽

Explanatory Variables ◽

Production Factors ◽

Fixed Assets ◽

Total Investment ◽

The Impact

In recent years, social and economic goals have been preferable compared to environmental issues. However, global problems with the environment, increasing pollution, and gas heating emissions have made environmental issues a major priority. Suddenly, human beings have realized that environmental investments are needed to maintain better world conditions for future generations. This article investigates the development of agricultural investment in the context of production factors in Polish voivodeships in the years 2000–2018. Farmers have to choose between investing and developing production or being more environmentally friendly and invest on a smaller scale or transform their farms into organic production. Moreover, the investment in environmental protection in Poland was analyzed. Investment outlays on fixed assets for environmental protection and outlays on fixed assets for water management were investigated. The level of investment has changed since Poland joined the EU. With membership, Poland gained access to new markets and technology. Particular attention has been focused on production factors (land, capital, and the work force). We have conducted as a proxy regular regression analysis and after panel regression to measure the impact of the chosen factors on explained variables: investment outlays in agriculture, and investment outlays per 1 ha of agricultural land. We have used correlation analysis to examine the relations between explanatory variables and total gross investment in agriculture and total investment outlays in agriculture per 1 ha of agricultural land, outlays on fixed assets for environmental protection, and outlays on fixed assets for water management. Our analysis confirms that explanatory variables are important in shaping total investment outlays in agriculture and total investment outlays per 1 ha of agricultural land.

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Ending the Stalemate: Toward a Theory of Anthro-Shift

Sociological Theory ◽

10.1177/0735275119888247 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 (4) ◽

pp. 342-362 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Dana R. Fisher ◽

Andrew K. Jorgenson

Keyword(s):

Economic Development ◽

Civil Society ◽

Environmental Protection ◽

Environmental Degradation ◽

Natural Environment ◽

The State ◽

Degradation Studies ◽

Changes Over Time ◽

The Relationship ◽

Over Time

For years, sociologists who study society and the environment have focused on resolving the debate regarding the relationship between economic development and environmental degradation. Studies from a family of critical perspectives tend to find that economic development is antithetical to environmental protection, whereas a suite of more optimistic perspectives has uncovered more hopeful findings. We attempt to resolve these differences by situating this debate within the larger framework of the anthro-shift. The anthro-shift explains how the society-environment relationship changes over time. The theory assumes this relationship is the product of interrelations among the state, market, and civil society sectors. We focus on two distinctive qualities of the anthro-shift: the role risk plays as a pivot for reorienting how society interacts with the natural environment and the multidirectionality of the theory, highlighting how it combines elements of many of the dominant critical and optimistic perspectives into a broader framework.

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THE STRUCTURE OF SOURCES OF FINANCING FIXED ASSETS IN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION IN POLAND

Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists ◽

10.5604/01.3001.0013.5655 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol XXI (4) ◽

pp. 244-253

Author(s):

Irena Kropsz-Wydra

Keyword(s):

Environmental Protection ◽

Perspective Taking ◽

The European Union ◽

Structure And Dynamics ◽

Fixed Assets ◽

Average Share ◽

Source Structure ◽

Positive Effect ◽

The Eu

The aim of the research was to determine the structure and dynamics of changes in the sources of financing fixed assets serving environmental protection in Poland. The article covers the years 2012-2013. The analysis concerned sources of financing perceived from a regional perspective, taking average dynamics of changes into account and showcasing the average share of individual sources of financing in voivodships. The support of such financing with EU funds was particularly emphasized. It was proven that, apart from own resources, public funds from the European Union budget and co-financing from environmental funds take up a significant share in the structure of sources of financing of environmental protection. Favorable changes were observed in the financing source structure of fixed assets serving environmental protection in various regions of Poland in the analyzed period. The highest dynamics of changes in Poland and in voivodships applied to foreign funds, a consequence of using financial resources from the EU budget to improve and maintain the quality of the natural environment. A positive effect of these activities was an increase in the value of expenditures on fixed assets in environmental protection after 2004, in other words after joining the EU. This was confirmed by the growing dynamics of changes in investment outlays for fixed assets in environmental protection in Poland and individual voivodships. After 2004, the share of funds from ecological funds as well as domestic credits and loans decreased, while the share of funds from abroad increased significantly.

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Selected Aspects of Labour Market Regional Structure Analysis in AP Vojvodina

International Journal of Sustainable Economies Management ◽

10.4018/ijsem.2012040101 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Olgica Boškovic ◽

Nikola Njegovan

Keyword(s):

Economic Policy ◽

Labour Market ◽

Regional Differences ◽

Economic Reforms ◽

Regional Disparities ◽

Regional Structure ◽

Political Issues ◽

Policy Measures ◽

Changes Over Time ◽

Over Time

During the first decade of transition there were considerable changes and different fluctuations in every field of human activity in AP Vojvodina, especially on the labour market. Those tendencies are expressed as substantial limitations toward planned and proclaimed economic reforms. At the same time, the majority of analyses only partially considered economic, social, or political issues while lacking the territorial and regional approach. This paper examines statistical analysis of regional disparities on the labour market of AP Vojvodina. The analysis represents the results of quantitative analysis of selected aspects on the labour market and is based on the sample of 7 regions during the period 2002-2009 (70 panel observations). It shows the persistence of regional disparities concerning labour market indicators and their changes over time. The analysis also represents the basis for creation of economic policy measures to mitigate the regional differences on the labour market.

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Comparison of two devices for measuring exercise transcutaneous oxygen pressures in patients with claudication

VASA ◽

10.1024/0301-1526/a000454 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 44 (5) ◽

pp. 355-362 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Marie Urban ◽

Alban Fouasson-Chailloux ◽

Isabelle Signolet ◽

Christophe Colas Ribas ◽

Mathieu Feuilloy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Pressure ◽

Optical Sensors ◽

Chemical Sensors ◽

Transcutaneous Oxygen ◽

Starting Values ◽

Two Systems ◽

Transcutaneous Oxygen Pressure ◽

New Sensors ◽

Changes Over Time ◽

Over Time

Abstract. Summary: Background: We aimed at estimating the agreement between the Medicap® (photo-optical) and Radiometer® (electro-chemical) sensors during exercise transcutaneous oxygen pressure (tcpO2) tests. Our hypothesis was that although absolute starting values (tcpO2rest: mean over 2 minutes) might be different, tcpO2-changes over time and the minimal value of the decrease from rest of oxygen pressure (DROPmin) results at exercise shall be concordant between the two systems. Patients and methods: Forty seven patients with arterial claudication (65 + / - 7 years) performed a treadmill test with 5 probes each of the electro-chemical and photo-optical devices simultaneously, one of each system on the chest, on each buttock and on each calf. Results: Seventeen Medicap® probes disconnected during the tests. tcpO2rest and DROPmin values were higher with Medicap® than with Radiometer®, by 13.7 + / - 17.1 mm Hg and 3.4 + / - 11.7 mm Hg, respectively. Despite the differences in absolute starting values, changes over time were similar between the two systems. The concordance between the two systems was approximately 70 % for classification of test results from DROPmin. Conclusions: Photo-optical sensors are promising alternatives to electro-chemical sensors for exercise oximetry, provided that miniaturisation and weight reduction of the new sensors are possible.

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