The effect of the use of a soil improver based on waste brown coal on the enzymatic activity of soil in the cultivation of Paulownia hybrids (Paulownia Siebold & Zuccarini, 1835)

2021 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
pp. 123-130
Author(s):  
Mateusz Niedbała
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Brown Coal ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Soil Matrix ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Soil Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Hybrid Variety ◽  
Best Parameter ◽  
Measurable Factors ◽  
Enzymatic Activity Of Soil

The effect of the use of a soil improver based on waste brown coal on the enzymatic activity of soil in the cultivation of Paulownia hybrids (Paulownia Siebold & Zuccarini, 1835). An important element in controlling the condition of the soil and the plants grown on it are tests of the enzymatic activity of the soil matrix. One of the greatest advantages of using enzyme tests is the ability to make an assessment that also includes other non-measurable factors that affect soil health and condition. The diagnosed changes in soil enzymatic activity are the best parameter for determining the biochemical processes taking place there. This article describes the enzymatic activity of lessive soils on which the Paulownia hybrid variety is cultivated and a soil improver based on waste brown coal is used

A novel in-situ soil enzymatic activity sensor- expanding soil precision measurements to indicator of soil health.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hélène Iven ◽  
Sonia Meller ◽  
Jörg Luster ◽  
Emmanuel Frossard
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Soil Enzymes ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Soil Enzymatic Activity

<p>Soil enzymes catalyse the hydrolysis of various soil compounds leading to an increase in the availability of nutrients for plants and microorganisms, but the increase in mobility might also lead to losses by leaching. Sources of extracellular soil enzymes in soil include release by soil microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi and plant roots but also microbial necromass. Irrespective of their source, the released enzymes can accumulate in the soil by becoming stabilized on mineral and organic surfaces. It is generally assumed that 40 to 60% of measured enzyme activity originate from stabilized enzymes. As such they directly affect the ability of a soil to fulfil its numerous functions, including the provision of nutrients to plants, the cleaning of percolating water and climate regulation.</p><p>Although measurements of soil enzyme activity are increasingly recognised as sensitive indicators of soil health, variations and inconsistencies between existing methods make it difficult to compare the results of different studies. Most commonly, soil enzyme activities are assessed using destructive biochemical laboratory incubations, thus altering the natural soil conditions.</p><p>Therefore, based on the principle of soil zymography, a membrane based method to map the heterogeneity of enzymatic activity on exposed soil surfaces, we developed a portative, hand-held sensor allowing rapid measurement of the soil enzymatic activity in-situ (Digit Soil; https://www.digit-soil.com/). In this presentation, we will compare the performance of our sensor to laboratory incubations for the application on various types of soils differing in basic properties such as pH, texture and soil organic matter content at different moisture conditions.</p><p>Based on the results, we will discuss the prospects this new sensor offers for rapid in-situ evaluation of soil health in the framework of precision agriculture and sustainability labels.</p>

ASSESSMENT OF GRAY FOREST SOIL ENZYMATIC ACTIVITY IN AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Invertase Activity ◽  
Phosphorus Cycle ◽  
Soil Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Urease Enzyme ◽  
Natural Analogues ◽  
Activity Of Enzymes ◽  
The Impact

On the grey forest medium-loamy soil of Vladimir Opolye region we have studied the impact of various methods of basic cultivation and fertilizer systems on the activity of redox and hydrolytic enzymes: ure-ase (nitrogen cycle), invertase (carbon cycle), phosphatase (phosphorus cycle), and catalase, involved in the cycle of carbon in the soil. The second humus horizon with capacity of 19-24cm was found at the depth of 20 - 21 cm on the experimental field. We have studied three modes of basic soil cultivation: an-nual shallow flat plowing (6-8 cm), annual deep flat plowing (20-22 cm), and annual moldboard plowing (20-22 cm) with normal and intensive application of fertilizers. The most enzymatically active layer is 0-20 cm. No relevant difference has been found in the level of enzymes activity between variants of basic soil treatment. Activity of enzymes increases with application of fertilizers on the intensive background. In agrogenic soils, soil enzymatic activity is lower on average by 16-22% compared to the soil of the res-ervoir. The biggest negative transformation of activity has been observed at the urease enzyme (up to 50%). With annual moldboard plowing on the intensive backgroung, enzyme activity has been close to the natural level – 98.4%. Catalise and invertase activity in this case were found to be higher (105 and 116% respectively) than that of natural analogues. Activity of enzymes increases with intensive application of fertilizers as compared with normal background. This is particularly evident with 6-8cm deep beardless plowing and 20-22cm deep moldboard plowing. In general, the obtained biochemical indicators charac-terize the highest environmental sustainability of this variation within our research.

Assessment of phytotoxicity and impact on the enzymatic activity of soil microorganisms caused by veterinary antibiotics used in Brazilian farms

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Leonardo Benassi-Borba ◽  
Carla M. P. Dal’Lin ◽  
Renan C. Testolin ◽  
Neiva M. Batista Vieira ◽  
Cristiane V. Tagliari Corrêa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Veterinary Antibiotics ◽  
Enzymatic Activity Of Soil

SOIL MICROBIAL BIOMASS AND ENZYME ACTIVITIES RESPONSE TO COPPER AND MOLYBDENUM POLLUTION IN THE VICINITY OF ZANGEZUR COPPER AND MOLYBDENUM COMBINE, ARMENIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (3 (253)) ◽  
pp. 235-245
Author(s):  
K.A. Ghazaryan ◽  
H.S. Movsesyan
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Extracellular Enzyme ◽  
Soil Biological Activity ◽  
Soil Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Soil Microbial

The aim of this study was to define a relationship between heavy metal (Cu, Mo) pollution of soil and various extracellular enzyme activities. Six enzymatic activities involved in cycles of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur (β-glucosidase, chitinase, leucine-aminopeptidase, acid phosphomonoesterase, alkaline phosphomonoesterase, and arylsulphatase) as well as microbial biomass were determined in soil samples collected in the surroundings of Zangezur Copper and Molybdenum Combine. The investigations showed that pollution of soil with copper and molybdenum led to a decrease in microbial biomass and soil enzymatic activity, which in turn had a negative impact on cycles of chemical elements, in particular C, P, N and S. This gives reason to conclude that the changes in soil microbial biomass and enzymatic activity may act as indicators of soil biological activity and quality.

scholarly journals Effect of Pesticides on Enzymatic Activity in Soil

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Maria- Mihaela MICUȚI ◽  
Liliana BĂDULESCU ◽  
Florentina ISRAEL-ROMING
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Biological Indicator ◽  
Enzymatic Activities ◽  
Soil Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Alkaline And Acid Phosphatase

The focus of this article is to provide informations about soil enzymatic activity as a biological indicator for impacts of pesticides on soils. In this experiment, an ecological soil was treated with two types of fungicide (Ridomil Gold and Bravo 500) and two of insecticides (Mospilan 20SG and Vertimec 1.8% EC). The pesticides were assessed for their effect on different enzymatic activities. They were administrated over a 28 days period and the samples of soil were taken once every 7 days and analyzed in the laboratory. For each sample was determined the enzymatic activity, pH, humidity. The enzymatic activity was assessed using colorimetrical methods. Enzymes chosen for this study were cellulase, amylase, xylanase, urease, alkaline and acid phosphatase. Results shown that the enzymatic activity can increase or decrease when the soil was treated with the fungicides and insecticides chosen for this experiment.

scholarly journals Soil Resistance to Burn Severity in Different Forest Ecosystems in the Framework of a Wildfire

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 773
Author(s):  
Sara Huerta ◽  
Víctor Fernández-García ◽  
Leonor Calvo ◽  
Elena Marcos
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Resistance To Change ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Burn Severity ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Soil Enzymatic Activity

Recent changes in fire regimes, with more frequent, extensive, and severe fires, are modifying soil characteristics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of burn severity on the resistance of some physical, chemical, and biochemical soil properties in three different forest ecosystems affected by a wildfire in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula. We evaluated burn severity immediately after fire using the Composite Burn Index (CBI) in three different ecosystems: shrublands, heathlands, and oak forests. In the same field plots used to quantify CBI, we took a composite soil sample to analyse physical (mean weight diameter (MWD)), chemical (pH; total C; total organic C (TOC); total inorganic C (TIC); total N; available P; exchangeable cations Na+, K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+; and cation exchange capacity (CEC)), and biochemical (β-glucosidase, urease, and acid phosphatase enzyme activities) properties. The resistance index of each property was then calculated. Based on our results, the values of the soil chemical properties tended to increase immediately after fire. Among them, total C, TOC, and exchangeable Na+ showed higher resistance to change, with less variation concerning pre-fire status. The resistance of chemical properties was higher in the oak forest ecosystem. MWD decreased at high severity in all ecosystems, but soils in shrublands were more resistant. We found a high decrease in soil enzymatic activity with burn severity, with biochemical properties being the least resistant to change. Therefore, the enzymatic activity of soil could be a potential indicator of severity in forest ecosystems recently affected by wildfires.

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