Simulation of Rainwater Harvesting Potential to Satisfy Domestic Water Demand Based on Observed Precipitation Data in Jakarta

Jakarta as the most populous urban center of Indonesia has a major problem related to clean water availability for the domestic needs of its residents, who mostly depend on the extraction of groundwater. The rooftop rainwater harvesting (RRWH) system is a solution to reduce the use of groundwater to satisfy domestic water needs. This study used demographic data and precipitation observation data from the rain gauge network in Jakarta to simulate the water supply from rainwater harvesting from 2010 to 2019 in each municipality. Three simulations were carried out to calculate the percentage of domestic water demand (DS) satisfied by RRWH based on the proportion of residential areas installed with RRWH (RA). The results showed that an RA value of 0.2 produced the lowest DS (approximately 11% to 18.7%), while an RA value of 0.3 produced a higher DS (approximately 16.3% to 28%). An RA value of 0.4 resulted in a DS of around 21.8% to 37.4%. Overall, the RRWH system could provide up to 30% of domestic water demand on average, with South Jakarta having the highest fulfillment of water needs with an average of 28% based on the three simulations, while Central Jakarta had the lowest with 16.4%.

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The sustainability of rainwater harvesting for supplying domestic water demand in Yogyakarta City

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20197604004 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 76 ◽

pp. 04004 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Basyar I. Arijuddin ◽

Ig. L. Setyawan Purnama ◽

Emilya Nurjani

Keyword(s):

Water Resources ◽

Water Resources Management ◽

Water Demand ◽

Rainwater Harvesting ◽

Rapid Development ◽

Domestic Water ◽

Domestic Water Demand ◽

Resources Management ◽

Sustainable Water Supply ◽

Yogyakarta City

Yogyakarta city has a problem of water resources management along with the rapid development in this region. Rainwater harvesting (RWH) can be an alternative choice in urban water resources management. This study aims to determine the best RWH scenario as a sustainable water supply to meet domestic water demand in Yogyakarta City. The method used is the Sustainability Index with 3 parameters including reliability, resilience and vulnerability. Each parameter is a derivative of a water balance simulation of the RWH system using the data range in the period 2006–2015. This study compares the percentage of roof usage in the RWH system and the level of domestic water demand. The results of this study indicate that the RWH scenario by utilizing 50 %–75 % of the roof area can be ideally meet up to 80 % of domestic water needs in Yogyakarta City. RWH scenario with 100 % roof usage can meet all domestic water needs well. This study shows that the RWH system can have a positive impact on the management and sustainability of water resources in Yogyakarta City.

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A Panel Data Estimation of Domestic Water Demand with IRT Tariff Structure: The Case of the City of Valencia (Spain)

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13031414 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 1414

Author(s):

Mónica Madonado-Devis ◽

Vicent Almenar-Llongo

Keyword(s):

Panel Data ◽

Water Demand ◽

Large Data ◽

Demand Elasticity ◽

Average Price ◽

Domestic Water ◽

Domestic Water Demand ◽

Household Level ◽

Price Structure ◽

The City

In urban water provisioning, prices can improve efficiency, contributing to the achievement of the environmental objective. However, household responses to price changes differ widely based on the household characteristics. Analyses performed at the aggregate level ignore the implications of water demand incentives at the individual household level. A large data sample at the household level enables estimation of econometric models of water demand, capturing the heterogeneity in domestic consumption. This study estimated the domestic water demand in the city of Valencia and its elasticity, along with the demands of its different districts and neighbourhoods (intra-urban scale analysis). Water price structure in Valencia is completely different from that of other Spanish cities: it is a price structure of increasing volume (increasing rate tariffs, IRT). For this estimation, from a microdata panel at the household level, the demand function with average prices for the period 2008–2011 was estimated using panel data techniques including a fixed effect for each neighbourhood. The domestic water demand elasticity at the average price in Valencia was estimated at −0.88 (which is higher than that estimated for other Spanish cities). This value indicates an inelastic demand at the average price of the previous period, which can cause consumers to overestimate the price and react more strongly to changes.

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Socioeconomic factors affecting domestic water demand in Israel

Water Resources Research ◽

10.1029/wr011i006p00805 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 805-809 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Peretz Darr ◽

Stephen L. Feldman ◽

Charles S. Kamen

Keyword(s):

Socioeconomic Factors ◽

Water Demand ◽

Domestic Water ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Domestic Water Demand

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ANALISA POTENSI WADUK RUKOH DALAM MEMENUHI KEBUTUHAN AIR DI KABUPATEN PIDIE, INDONESIAANALYSIS OF RUKOH RESERVOIR POTENCY FOR DETERMINING WATER REQUIREMENT IN PIDIE DISTRICT, INDONESIA

Agromet ◽

10.29244/j.agromet.25.1.9-16 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 9

Author(s):

Siti Nurdhawata ◽

Bambang Dwi Dasanto

Keyword(s):

Water Availability ◽

Water Demand ◽

Model Calibration ◽

Water Shortage ◽

Observation Data ◽

Domestic Water ◽

Tank Model ◽

Irrigation Area ◽

Excess Water ◽

Balance Analysis

Generally, reservoir can overcome problem of water availability in particular region. The reservoir collects excess water during rainy season to be used at the time of water shortage during dry season. In Pidie, the largest water sources are from Krueng Baro Geunik and Krueng Tiro. The reservoir is located at Krueng Rukoh with Krueng Tiro as the source of water supply. The reservoir provides water for irrigating and supplying domestic water in Baro (11.950 ha) and Tiro (6.330 ha) areas. There are 13 districts (216718 inhabitants) use the water from this reservoir. Given the population growing at rate of 0.52% then the water demand in the region increases. The aim of study was to estimate the volume of water entering the reservoir using the tank model. Calibration curve between the tank model output and observation data showed good correlation (R2 = 0.7). The calibrated model was then used to calculate the discharge at Krueng Baro Geunik. A water balance analysis showed that the highest deficit occurred in September and the highest surplus in November. Based on this analysis, the capacity of Krueng Rukoh reservoir is able to fulfill its function assuming the rate of population growth and the irrigation area are constant.

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MODELLING OF DOMESTIC WATER DEMAND USING SPATIAL DATA POPULATION FOR CISADANE UPSTREAM WATERSHED

INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (CESD) ◽

10.25105/cesd.v1i1.3240 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 16

Author(s):

Dina Paramitha Anggraeni Hidayat ◽

Yuddi Yudistira

Keyword(s):

Spatial Data ◽

Water Demand ◽

Population Data ◽

Geographical Information ◽

Domestic Water ◽

Management Planning ◽

Domestic Water Demand ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Watershed Boundary ◽

Administrative Boundary

In Indonesia, water resources management planning has done based on river area. But the problem is the calculation still based on population data with administrative boundary. This is caused by the lack of population data with watershed or river area boundary. Geographical Information System (GIS) is a tools to analyze, visualize and interpret data with spatial and geographic data. For this research, GIS is used to generate population data with watershed and river area boundary,then the result will used for domestic water demand calculation for Cisadane upstream watershed. For all district in Cisadane Upstream Watershed, the largest district in entire watershed are Cibungbulang, Leuwiliang and Nanggung. But the most dense population are Ciomas, Ciampea and Cibungbulang. The calculation using watershed boundary resulting significant difference from district boundary. With spatial data population using watershed boundary, domestic water demand calculation result can be more accurate than using all district population data.

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ESTIMATING AND FORECASTING DOMESTIC WATER DEMAND IN MOUNTAIN PROVINCE, PHILIPPINES.

International Journal of Advanced Research ◽

10.21474/ijar01/7451 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (7) ◽

pp. 1004-1012

Author(s):

Emily a ◽

Keyword(s):

Water Demand ◽

Domestic Water ◽

Domestic Water Demand ◽

Mountain Province

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Domestic water demand forecasting in the Yellow River basin under changing environment

International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management ◽

10.1108/ijccsm-03-2017-0067 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 379-388

Author(s):

Xiao-jun Wang ◽

Jian-yun Zhang ◽

Shamsuddin Shahid ◽

Lang Yu ◽

Chen Xie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

River Basin ◽

Water Demand ◽

Yellow River ◽

Yellow River Basin ◽

The Yellow River ◽

Earth System ◽

Domestic Water ◽

Content Type ◽

Domestic Water Demand ◽

The Yellow River Basin

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a statistical-based model to forecast future domestic water demand in the context of climate change, population growth and technological development in Yellow River. Design/methodology/approach The model is developed through the analysis of the effects of climate variables and population on domestic water use in eight sub-basins of the Yellow River. The model is then used to forecast water demand under different environment change scenarios. Findings The model projected an increase in domestic water demand in the Yellow River basin in the range of 67.85 × 108 to 62.20 × 108 m3 in year 2020 and between 73.32 × 108 and 89.27 × 108 m3 in year 2030. The general circulation model Beijing Normal University-Earth System Model (BNU-ESM) predicted the highest increase in water demand in both 2020 and 2030, while Centre National de Recherches Meteorologiques Climate Model v.5 (CNRM-CM5) and Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate- Earth System (MIROC-ESM) projected the lowest increase in demand in 2020 and 2030, respectively. The fastest growth in water demand is found in the region where water demand is already very high, which may cause serious water shortage and conflicts among water users. Originality/value The simple regression-based domestic water demand model proposed in the study can be used for rapid evaluation of possible changes in domestic water demand due to environmental changes to aid in adaptation and mitigation planning.

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Optimal Water Resources Regulation for the Pond Irrigation System Based on Simulation—A Case Study in Jiang-Huai Hilly Regions, China

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16152717 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (15) ◽

pp. 2717 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shangming Jiang ◽

Shaowei Ning ◽

Xiuqing Cao ◽

Juliang Jin ◽

Fan Song ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Resources ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Water Demand ◽

Water Allocation ◽

Irrigation System ◽

Domestic Water ◽

Technological Support ◽

Domestic Water Demand ◽

Irrigation Districts ◽

Regulation Model

Due to the importance and complexity of water resources regulations in the pond irrigation systems of the Jiang-Huai hilly regions, a water allocation simulation model for pond irrigation districts based on system simulation theory was developed in this study. To maximize agricultural irrigation benefits while guaranteeing rural domestic water demand, an optimal water resources regulation model for pond irrigation districts and a simulation-based optimal water resources regulation technology system for the pond irrigation system were developed. Using this system, it was determined that the suitable pond coverage rate (pond capacity per unit area) was 2.92 × 105 m3/km2. Suitable water supply and operational rules for adjusting crop planting structure were also developed the water-saving irrigation method and irrigation system. To guarantee rural domestic water demand, the multi-year average total irrigation water deficit of the study area decreased by 4.66 × 104 m3/km2; the average multi-year water deficit ratio decreased from 20.40% to 1.18%; the average multi-year irrigation benefit increased by 1.11 × 105 RMB (16,128$)/km2; and the average multi-year revenue increased by 6.69%. Both the economic and social benefits were significant. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis and technological support for comprehensive pone governance in the Jiang-Huai hilly regions and promote the establishment of a water allocation scheme and irrigation system for pond irrigation districts, which have practical significance and important application value.

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