scholarly journals Ambivalent praktisering av statlig eierskap i arkeologiske gjenstander

1970 ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Atle Omland
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
General Public ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
State Ownership ◽  
Heritage Management ◽  
Personal Relationship ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Report

Ever since Norway adopted its first Cultural Heritage Act in 1905, all newly discovered archaeological artefacts that predate AD 1537 are owned by the Norwegian state. Five designated university museums currently take care of such archaeological finds. However, private individuals often keep such finds in their possession, and in many cases archaeologists make no active effort to collect these. In order to attain knowledge about attitudes to state ownership in Norway, and the situation whereby private individuals keep archaeological finds, three surveys have been carried out: one among archaeologists and two among the public. These surveys document ambivalence about how state ownership is practiced. Although both archaeologists and members of the public support – in principle – the idea that all artefacts ought to be handed in to the museums, in practice they take a more pragmatic approach. About 6 per cent of the respondents in the surveys conducted among the general public report that they keep archaeological finds. A personal relationship between the keeper, artefact and place/land seems to be the most important reason why such respondents keep them in their possession. Nevertheless, a majority of even these respondents still supports the public ownership of such finds – in principle. The surveys indicate that more efforts ought to be made to stimulate the collecting of archaeological finds, as well as providing better access to such artefacts in local communities. For instance, it is suggested that a greater degree of local or private storage of artefacts might be formalised. In this regard, it is important that heritage management develop priorities, and provide archaeologists with ap- propriate advice in order to stimulate well-considered decisions about whether they collect artefacts to the museums or deposit them locally. 

scholarly journals Communicating Cultural Heritage Resources to the Public: Experiences from the Makonde of Mtwara Region, Tanzania.

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Festo Wachawaseme Gabriel
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
General Public ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Public Archaeology ◽  
The State ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World

Communicating cultural heritage to the public has gained popularity in many African countries and the world at large. However,little efforts have been done to promote the practice of public archaeology in Tanzania. The main reason is the dominance of conventional archaeology which is mainly meant for academic consumption. In this kind of practice, the participation of local communities has been passive. This paper explores local communities’ understanding of cultural heritage resources focusing on local communities in the Mtwara Region of Tanzania. The results of this study reveal that little effort has been made by archaeologists and cultural heritage professionals to create awareness among local communities on matters related to archaeology and cultural heritage resources. Apart from discussing the state of local communities’ awareness on archaeology and cultural heritage resources, the paper also discusses the importance of communicating cultural heritage resources to the general public and the need to engage local communities in the conservation and preservation of cultural heritage resources.

scholarly journals An Introduction to Development-led Archaeology in Europe: Meeting the needs of archaeologists, developers and the public

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes Stefánsdóttir
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
General Public ◽  
Heritage Management ◽  
The Public ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
The Media ◽  
Management Symposium ◽  
The Eu

In the EAC 2018 heritage management symposium, the idea was to look at the topic of development-led archaeology from a different angle and encourage discussions between heritage management officials, developers, archaeologists working in the field and the public. How can we meet the needs of these very different stakeholders and do we always need to? This topic was also highly relevant in view of the decision of the EU and European Parliament’s decision to make 2018 the European Year of Cultural Heritage with the aim of raising awareness as well as drawing attention to the opportunities offered by Cultural Heritage i.e. to reflect on the place that cultural heritage occupies in our lives. This themed issue reflects some of the topics covered by speakers from professional archaeology and cultural heritage spheres as well as representatives of the media and the general public.

scholarly journals Cultural Heritage and Antiquarian Attitude

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Mats Burström
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
General Public ◽  
Heritage Management ◽  
The Past

The cultural heritage is not simply given by history; its content is also a matter for decision in the present. This calls for a dialogue between the heritage management and different groups in society. It is also necessary to formulate a vision of how material remains from the past can enrich the life of the citizen in general. One way to ensure that the cultural heritage touches people is to integrate it into new contexts. The realisation of these points requires a new amiquarian attitude towards the general public.

scholarly journals A Tricky Subject – archaeology in opinion polls on cultural heritage. Recent examples from Poland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Oniszczuk
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Heritage Management ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Archaeological Heritage ◽  
The Public ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Subjective Value ◽  
Archaeological Heritage Management ◽  
Opinion Polls

Understanding the public by analysing the wants, interests and expectations regarding their involvement in archaeology is one of the strategic aims of Europae Archaeologiae Consilium (EAC). Cultural heritage has been the topic of several public opinion polls in Poland over the past few years. In 2011 and 2015, the Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa (National Institute of Cultural Heritage) carried out two representative surveys. Subsequent polls focusing on more specific issues or groups of respondents were undertaken in 2015, 2017 and 2018. Other data from Poland come from the 2017 Special Eurobarometer survey on cultural heritage. They can be contrasted with archaeology-orientated opinion polls: a Europe-wide survey carried out within the NEARCH project led by Inrap (French National Institute for Preventive Archaeological Research) and several smaller-scale projects, which might be treated as starting points for more representative research. The scope of these surveys includes: public perception of cultural heritage and archaeology, subjective value of cultural heritage, attitudes towards archaeology, relevance of archaeology for the present (also in terms of the socio-economic potential of archaeological heritage), people's interaction with archaeology and archaeological heritage, sources of information about archaeological heritage etc. Comparison of these data will serve to establish the relevance of surveys for archaeological heritage management. The author will also examine if the specific nature of archaeological heritage is reflected in the surveys and how the public feels about its most hidden heritage. Based on the results of her analysis, the author will look at the desired scope of a survey aimed at filling the identified gaps and shaped to fit the needs of evidence-based archaeological heritage management.

scholarly journals Revitalizing the cultural heritage sites of the medieval town of Tansen for the sustainable tourism development

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 127-138
Author(s):  
Paras SJB Rana
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Heritage Management ◽  
Sustainable Tourism Development ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Natural Settings

   Tansen is renowned for its natural settings, historic buildings and a living cultural heritage that have remained, from medieval period until now. By UNWTO statistics,internationally, cultural tourism comprises 39% of the total tourism arrivals. This reaffirms that offering greater access to the cultural and heritage assets would give Tansen a competitive edge over the other tourist destinations and increase its attractiveness as a top tourist destination in Nepal. This article is related to study of how the heritage sites could be revived to make the cultural heritage tourism sustainable and regain Tansen’s economic vibrancy that has been depleting in the recent times. The purpose of the study is to examine the current state of the cultural heritage management in Tansen, to examine the prospect of revitalizing the cultural heritage assets and; to examine the role of the local communities in these aspects. The methods used in the study were site observations, a key informant interview of experts including the city Mayor, tourism entrepreneurs, site mangers and opinion survey of tourists and the local community resident. The study shows that local population has a positive opinion and initial enthusiasm on the emerging tourist arrivals after the restoration of Rani Mahal, but their role is marginalized in the process. This is the key proposition to start an initiative for the local communities to actively participate in tourism development projects. ‘Revitalizing the Rani Mahal heritage’ launched through the Public Private Partnership with support from UNESCO could build the trust amongst the high end international as well as domestic tourist and attract more investments to conserve, protect and promote the heritage capital stocks for the Tansen tourism development.

Maritime Archaeology, the Dive Community, and Heritage Tourism

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur B. Cohn ◽  
Joanne M. Dennis
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
General Public ◽  
Heritage Tourism ◽  
Maritime Archaeology ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Underwater Cultural Heritage ◽  
Remotely Operated Vehicle ◽  
The Public ◽  
Vehicle Technologies ◽  
Underwater Sites

In modern times, the development of new survey, navigation, diving, and remotely operated vehicle technologies have made the location, exploration, and excavation of historic shipwrecks feasible to the general public. The debate on the value of underwater cultural heritage is recent and the issues of protecting underwater sites are now accepted. The diving community has been engaged in this debate for several decades, and a wide variety of viewpoints have developed. Museums focusing on underwater cultural heritage serve as platforms to foster discussions on submerged cultural resource protection. As any archaeological site, shipwrecks excite the general public. While museums provide a venue to share the story of the wrecks, or the historical contexts in which they existed, there are multiple ways to share this information with the public that will allow them a first-hand experience with a shipwreck. This notion has given rise to the concept of heritage tourism.

scholarly journals Heritage as Action Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 282
Author(s):  
Guillermo Reher
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Action Research ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
General Public ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Sustainable Tourism ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Innovation Strategy ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Duty To Protect

This paper intends to weigh the importance of archaeology by how much impact it has, or could have, on society. Heritage values are precisely the language in which that impact translates to the general public. It is necessary, however, to balance the duty to protect heritage with the mutating and negotiated nature of these values. Archaeologists should not be seen as the wardens but rather as the enablers, the midwives, of local communities coming to terms with a deeper understanding of their past. The more effectively this heritage stimulates the relation of the community with these values, the greater the potential it will have to stimulate social innovation, which is the foundation for sustainable development or abandonment. For many the boon of cultural heritage is tourism, and this is true but to an insufficient extent. In order to be sustainable, tourism must be part of a broader social innovation strategy that foregoes easy pickings in favor of the creation of quality brands, employment, and the protection of traditional lifeways. Only in this way can heritage truly unlock a sustainable horizon.

scholarly journals Repatriation of museum objects from national collections to local communities in Norway

1970 ◽  
pp. 37-54
Author(s):  
Nanna Løkka
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Indigenous Rights ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Heritage Management ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Local Institutions ◽  
Museum Objects ◽  
National Museums ◽  
Heritage Politics

In this article, I examine ongoing debates in Norway on repatriation of cultural heritage in the form of antiquities. The focus is however not on international debates regarding colonial looting or indigenous’ rights to manage their own heritage as is usually the case within this topic, but rather on local claims for the return of cultural treasures from national museums. In cases such as those examined here, local institutions (museums and churches) have requested central museums to return cultural antiquities to the local community claiming that this is where they originally were in use and therefore belong. In this article I take a closer look at the arguments given by the local and the central stakeholders in heritage management. The arguments and practice reveal ideologies and ethical principles at work within the sector, but also show how these are constantly shifting. Further on, I discuss this practice in relation to Norwegian heritage politics.

scholarly journals Archaeology in Public and Media: A short introduction to theoretical premises of the dialogue on heritage

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 597
Author(s):  
Ivan Vranić
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
General Public ◽  
Short Introduction ◽  
Active Participant ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Potential Problems ◽  
The Many ◽  
Social Memories

Along with many different definitions of archaeology, from the inception of the discipline to the present, it may be valid to assert that it is a kind of complex dialogue on heritage with the public of contemporary societies. In this dialogue, archaeologists have directly constructed social memories and modern identities, this being an exceptional responsibility, and have at the same time been susceptible to ethnocentric transfers of modern values and expectations into the images of the past. In this respect, it may well be said that the public is not only the most important consumer of cultural heritage, but also an active participant indirectly influencing the shaping of archaeological interpretations of the past. Thanks to the global trends in the discipline, but also due to the administrative decisions of the Ministry of Culture and Information, archaeology in Serbia is compelled to intensify contacts with the public and to make the results of our work more readily accessible and economically sustainable. The paper aims to offer a short overview of theoretical premises of various models of collaboration of archaeology and the public, to point to the advantages and shortcomings, as well as the consequences of these approaches, thus warning of the many potential problems stemming from the uncritical dissemination of information on the past and heritage to the general public.

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