Examining Urban Expansion in the Greater Toronto Area Using Landsat Imagery from 1974–2014

GEOMATICA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lanying Wang ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Shiqian Wang ◽  
Jonathan Li
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Landsat Imagery ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
The Past ◽  
Greater Toronto Area ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Urban Extent

The Greater Toronto Area is the most vital economic centre in Canada and has experienced rapid urban expansion in the past 40 years. This research uses Landsat images to detect the spatial and temporal dynamics of urban expansion in the Greater Toronto Area from 1974 to 2014. We quantitatively analyzed the extent of urban expansion and spatial patterns of growth from classified Landsat images. We then integrated our expansion findings with population data to observe the relationships between urban growth and population. We found that the Greater Toronto Area had significant growth of 1115 km2, expanding mainly in radiated and ribbon expansion modes. There was substantial correlation between urban extent and population in the period of study. These results demonstrate the efficacy of combining statistical population data with remote sensing imagery for the analysis of urban expansion.

scholarly journals Dendroclimatology in Latin America, State of the Art and Contributions for Understanding Climate Variation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar D. Sánchez ◽  
Manuel E. Mendoza ◽  
Teodoro Carlón-Allende ◽  
José Villanueva-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Climatic Variability ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Response Functions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Dynamics

Dendroclimatology has gained relevance during the XXI century. We analyze the state of-the-art of dendroclimatology in Latin America during the past 28 years (1990 to 2019), identifying the current state and recent advances in the application of dendroclimatology in this region. We carried out a systematic review in ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Scopus databases using Boolean operators to logically connect the keywords “dendrochronology,” “dendroclimatology,” “trend,” “climatic variability,” and “climatic variability trend”, for each country. Dendroclimatological research conducted in the region focused on climatic reconstruction and the evaluation of new tree species with dendrochronological potential, which increase in 2010, then there was a gap between 1995 and 1996, later increase to present. Dendroclimatological studies in Latin America have been mainly developed in temperate climate zones (82.4 %) followed by tropical or subtropical areas (17.6 %). Dendroclimatological research in Latin America has provided advances in the study of climate variability by defining response functions of tree rings to climate. The generated information allows for a better understanding of the spatial and temporal dynamics of climatic variability and about its effects on ecosystems and society. We also call for increased dendroclimatological research based on subtropical and tropical forests limited studied until today.

scholarly journals Revisiting Campylobacter jejuni Virulence and Fitness Factors: Role in Sensing, Adapting, and Competing

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdi Elmi ◽  
Fauzy Nasher ◽  
Nick Dorrell ◽  
Brendan Wren ◽  
Ozan Gundogdu
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cellular Biology ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Basic Understanding

Campylobacter jejuni is the leading cause of bacterial foodborne gastroenteritis world wide and represents a major public health concern. Over the past two decades, significant progress in functional genomics, proteomics, enzymatic-based virulence profiling (EBVP), and the cellular biology of C. jejuni have improved our basic understanding of this important pathogen. We review key advances in our understanding of the multitude of emerging virulence factors that influence the outcome of C. jejuni–mediated infections. We highlight, the spatial and temporal dynamics of factors that promote C. jejuni to sense, adapt and survive in multiple hosts. Finally, we propose cohesive research directions to obtain a comprehensive understanding of C. jejuni virulence mechanisms.

scholarly journals Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Urban Expansion along the Guangzhou–Foshan Inter-City Rail Transit Corridor, China

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaoying Li ◽  
Xiaoping Liu ◽  
Zhigang Li ◽  
Zhifeng Wu ◽  
Zijun Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Rail Transit ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Dynamics

Study of the Relationship between Heat Island Effect and Urbanization Expansion Based on Index Method of Xi'an City

2014 ◽  
Vol 685 ◽  
pp. 433-438
Author(s):  
Ling Han ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Xi Tao Huang ◽  
Wen Tao Ma
Keyword(s):  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Index Method ◽  
The Past ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Xi’An City

In this paper, it extracted and monitored the ground temperature, urban land, green space, water, bare ground in Xi'an used LANDSAT images in different periods of 1995, 2006 and 2013, analyzed the relationship between the changes of urban underlying surface and heat island in the past 20 years in Xi'an city, which is in order to provide basic information for urban rational designation and improve environmental conditions. The study found: it was feasible and accurate to study of the relationship between urban heat island and urbanization expansion based on index method, which had more statistically significant compared to the traditional classification methods and achieved a shift from qualitative to quantitative. The results show that: the urban heat island and Xi'an urbanization expansion is significantly correlated. The urban heat island is negatively correlated with green space and water body, and is positively correlated with buildings and bare land; in the past 20 years, Xi'an city expanded approximately 4.25 times, the heat island area continued to grow, but the strength enhanced first and then weakened; since 2006, the green space and water area have grown within the third ring road, the urban structure has become more rational, the trend of urban heat island has slowed. Keyword:UHI;Urban expansion;NDBI;NDVI;MNDWI;BI

scholarly journals Past and Future Trajectories of Farmland Loss Due to Rapid Urbanization Using Landsat Imagery and the Markov-CA Model: A Case Study of Delhi, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junmei Tang ◽  
Liping Di
Keyword(s):  
Transition Probabilities ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
The Past ◽  
Farmland Loss ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
Ca Model

This study integrated multi-temporal Landsat images, the Markov-Cellular Automation (CA) model, and socioeconomic factors to analyze the historical and future farmland loss in the Delhi metropolitan area, one of the most rapidly urbanized areas in the world. Accordingly, the major objectives of this study were: (1) to classify the land use and land cover (LULC) map using multi-temporal Landsat images from 1994 to 2014; (2) to develop and calibrate the Markov-CA model based on the Markov transition probabilities of LULC classes, the CA diffusion factor, and other ancillary factors; and (3) to analyze and compare the past loss of farmland and predict the future loss of farmland in relation to rapid urban expansion from the year 1995 to 2030. The predicted results indicated the high accuracy of the Markov-CA model, with an overall accuracy of 0.75 and Kappa value of 0.59. The predicted results showed that urban expansion is likely to continue to the year of 2030, though the rate of increase will slow down from the year 2020. The area of farmland has decreased and will continue to decrease at a relatively stable rate. The Markov-CA model provided a better understanding of the past, current, and future trends of LULC change, with farmland loss being a typical change in this region. The predicted result will help planners to develop suitable government policies to guide sustainable urban development in Delhi, India.

scholarly journals Determination of the spatial and temporal dynamics of water erosion development using GIS technologies

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 00125
Author(s):  
Faik Safiollin ◽  
Mikhail Panasyuk ◽  
Svetlana Sochneva ◽  
Nikolai Trofimov
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Dynamics ◽  
The Republic

Currently, there are 0.21 hectares of arable land for every inhabitant of the planet. According to the UN forecast, the availability of arable land in the future will decrease to 0.14 ha/person not only due to population growth, but also due to land allotment for the construction of settlements, industrial facilities, hydroelectric power stations, mining and, most importantly, for strengthening erosion processes of anthropogenic nature. So, over the past 30 years, 58 hectares of arable land of the Bolsheelovskoye JV of the Elabuga municipal district of the Republic of Tatarstan has been withdrawn from agricultural circulation. In addition, a comparative assessment of the initial soil cartogram with a map compiled 30 years later using the geographic information system showed a 2-fold increasing area of medium washed-out soils and the transition of 100 hectares of unwashed-out arable land to the category of slightly washed. Based on the research results, we developed a set of anti-erosion measures, including the planting of stock-regulating and field-protecting forest strips, strip lane placement of crops and increasing soil fertility based on the biologization of farming.

scholarly journals Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Municipal Planning, a case study of Barahathawa Municipality, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kedar Dahal ◽  
Krishna P. Timilsina
Keyword(s):  
Urban Growth ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Spatio Temporal

The Rapid transformation of rural settlements into municipalities in Nepal has brought significant changes in land use and urban expansion patterns mostly through the conversion of agricultural land into the built-up area. The issue is studied taking a case of rapidly growing town Barahathawa Municipality of Sarlahi District. After the declaration of the municipality, several new roads have been opened and upgraded; and the municipality has well-connected to the national transportation network. After promulgated the Constitution of Nepal 2015 and elected local bodies, the municipality budget has been increased significantly as a result of increasing municipal investment in socio-economic and physical infrastructure development and environmental protection which have attracted people, goods, and services creating the zone of influence. One of the changes found in the municipality is the increasing built-up area and expansion of urban growth through the decreasing agricultural land. Urban growth has been observed taking place around the Barahathawa Bazaar and main roadsides. The built-up area in Barahathawa municipality has remarkably increased by 184% with the decrease of shrub and agricultural land within 10 years. Implications of such spatial and temporal dynamics have been a core issue of urban planning in most of the newly declared municipalities in Nepal

Early Medieval Great Hall Complexes in England: Temporality and Site Biographies

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 50-67
Author(s):  
Christopher Scull ◽  
Gabor Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Social Action ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Eighth Century ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Past ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Dynamics ◽  
The Social ◽  
Elite Identity ◽  
Site History

This paper offers a critical reconsideration of the social, spatial and temporal dynamics of sixth- to eighth-century great hall complexes in England. The major interpretative issues and constraints imposed by the data are considered, and the sites are then subject to comparative analysis across long-term and short-term temporal scales. The former highlights persistence of antecedent activity and centrality, the latter the ways in which the built environment was perceived in the past, structured social action, and was a medium for the construction and consolidation of elite identity and authority. Within the broad similarity that defines the site-type there is evidence for considerable diversity and complexity of site history and afterlife.

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