Blood Pressure and Dietary Related Risk Factors Associated with High Sodium Intake Assessed with 24-hour Urine Analysis for Korean Adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeon-Seon Jeong ◽  
Hwa-Jae Lim ◽  
Sook-Bae Kim ◽  
Hee Jun Kim ◽  
Sook Mee Son
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Urine Analysis ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
High Sodium Intake ◽  
Korean Adults ◽  
Related Risk

scholarly journals Prevalence and Potential Risk Factors Associated with High Sodium : Intake among Chinese-Haw Tribal in the Rural Area of Chiang Rai Province, Northern Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Phatcharin Winyangkul ◽  
Lakkana Thaikruea ◽  
Penprapa Siviroj ◽  
Sakda Pruenglampoo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
High Sodium Intake ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

Background: Sodium intake has a known association with increasing hypertension, cause of death from Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) worldwide. Ethnic group is increasingly exposed to risk factors to CVD causing of the urbanization and cultural changes. Methods: This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the prevalence and potential factors associated with high sodium intake in the Chinese-Haw tribe in Chiang Rai province. Stratified random sampling was used to recruit participants. Face-to-face interviews were used for demographic data and assessment of dietary sodium knowledge, self-efficacy and food consumption. For dietary sodium intake, first-morning urine were collected for identifying concentration of sodium in millimoles per litre (mmol/L) using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Unconditional multiple logistic regression was used for determining risk factors associated with high sodium intake. Results: There were 302 participants of which majority were women (71.9%), with average age of 49.50 years (±12.12 S.D.). The prevalence of sodium intake was 90.70% more than 2,000 mg/day (High). The association between potential risk factors and high sodium intake revealed that men had higher risk than women (Risk Ratio 1.13, 95%CI 1.07 - 1.19). Multivariate analysis revealed only gender can predict a high sodium intake after adjusted for smoking patterns and alcohol consumption (adjusted odds ratio 13.73, CI 1.43 - 131.95). Conclusion: Prevalence of excess sodium intake per day in the Chinese-Haw tribe was high. This might lead to unhealthy effects. The population at risk should receive appropriate intervention urgently.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with High Sodium Intake Assessed from 24-hour Urinary Excretion and the Potential Effect of Energy Intake

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatimah Othman ◽  
Rashidah Ambak ◽  
Cheong Siew Man ◽  
Nor Azian Mohd Zaki ◽  
Mohd Hasnan Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Health Staff ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
High Sodium Intake

Dietary consumption and other environmental factors are known factors associated with sodium intake. However, little is known about the influence of energy intake on this relationship. The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors associated with high sodium intake assessed from urine sodium excretion and the influence of energy intake. A nationwide, cross-sectional study was conducted from 2015 to 2016 among Malaysian health staff (MySalt 2015). A total of 1027 participants from 1568 targeted participants aged 18 years and older that were randomly selected were included in this study. Sodium intake was determined by measuring sodium excretion in the 24 hr urine test. Dietary, sociodemography, and anthropometry variables as associated risk factors were assessed. Multiple logistic regression models were used to determine the association between high sodium intake (≥2000 mg/day urinary sodium) and potential risk factors. The prevalence of high sodium intake in this study was 70.1% (n=733). High sodium intake was associated with male (OR 1.93, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.41, 2.64), Bumiputera Sarawak ethnicity (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.09, 0.62), and energy-adjusted sodium intake (mg/d) (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.03–1.39). Our results suggested that sex, ethnicity, and energy-adjusted sodium consumption were strong risk factors associated with high sodium intake independent from energy and other potential confounding factors.

Renal and cardiac oxidative/nitrosative stress in salt-loaded pregnant rat

2007 ◽  
Vol 293 (4) ◽  
pp. R1657-R1665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Beauséjour ◽  
Véronique Houde ◽  
Karine Bibeau ◽  
Rébecca Gaudet ◽  
Jean St-Louis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Nitrosative Stress ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
High Sodium Intake ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Cardiac Ventricle

Sodium supplementation given for 1 wk to nonpregnant rats induces changes that are adequate to maintain renal and circulatory homeostasis as well as arterial blood pressure. However, in pregnant rats, proteinuria, fetal growth restriction, and placental oxidative stress are observed. Moreover, the decrease in blood pressure and expansion of circulatory volume, normally associated with pregnancy, are prevented by high-sodium intake. We hypothesized that, in these pregnant rats, a loss of the balance between prooxidation and antioxidation, particularly in kidneys and heart, disturbs the normal course of pregnancy and leads to manifestations such as gestational hypertension. We thus investigated the presence of oxidative/nitrosative stress in heart and kidneys following high-sodium intake in pregnant rats. Markers of this stress [8-isoprostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α) and nitrotyrosine], producer of nitric oxide [nitric oxide synthases (NOSs)], and antioxidants [superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase] were measured. Then, molecules (Na+-K+-ATPase and aconitase) or process [apoptosis (Bax and Bcl-2), inflammation (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, connective tissue growth factor, and TNF-α)] susceptible to free radicals was determined. In kidneys from pregnant rats on 1.8% NaCl-water, NOSs, apoptotic index, and nitrotyrosine expression were increased, whereas Na+-K+-ATPase mRNA and activity were decreased. In the left cardiac ventricle of these rats, heightened nitrotyrosine, 8-iso-PGF2α, and catalase activity together with reduced endothelial NOS protein expression and SOD and aconitase activities were observed. These findings suggest that oxidative/nitrosative stress in kidney and left cardiac ventricle destabilizes the normal course of pregnancy and could lead to gestational hypertension.

High-sodium intake prevents pregnancy-induced decrease of blood pressure in the rat

2003 ◽  
Vol 285 (1) ◽  
pp. H375-H383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Beauséjour ◽  
Karine Auger ◽  
Jean St-Louis ◽  
Michèle Brochu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
High Sodium Intake ◽  
The Impact

Despite an increase of circulatory volume and of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activity, pregnancy is paradoxically accompanied by a decrease in blood pressure. We have reported that the decrease in blood pressure was maintained in pregnant rats despite overactivation of RAAS following reduction in sodium intake. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of the opposite condition, e.g., decreased activation of RAAS during pregnancy in the rat. To do so, 0.9% or 1.8% NaCl in drinking water was given to nonpregnant and pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats for 7 days (last week of gestation). Increased sodium intakes (between 10- and 20-fold) produced reduction of plasma renin activity and aldosterone in both nonpregnant and pregnant rats. Systolic blood pressure was not affected in nonpregnant rats. However, in pregnant rats, 0.9% sodium supplement prevented the decreased blood pressure. Moreover, an increase of systolic blood pressure was obtained in pregnant rats receiving 1.8% NaCl. The 0.9% sodium supplement did not affect plasma and fetal parameters. However, 1.8% NaCl supplement has larger effects during gestation as shown by increased plasma sodium concentration, hematocrit level, negative water balance, proteinuria, and intrauterine growth restriction. With both sodium supplements, decreased AT1 mRNA levels in the kidney and in the placenta were observed. Our results showed that a high-sodium intake prevents the pregnancy-induced decrease of blood pressure in rats. Nonpregnant rats were able to maintain homeostasis but not the pregnant ones in response to sodium load. Furthermore, pregnant rats on a high-sodium intake (1.8% NaCl) showed some physiological responses that resemble manifestations observed in preeclampsia.

Salt, Frusemide and Renin in Severe Experimental Renal Hypertension

1976 ◽  
Vol 51 (s3) ◽  
pp. 129s-132s
Author(s):  
M. Fernandes ◽  
G. Onesti ◽  
R. Dykyj ◽  
R. Fiorentini ◽  
Anne B. Gould ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Early Phase ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Renal Hypertension ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Blood Pressure Elevation ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
High Sodium Intake ◽  
Experimental Renal Hypertension ◽  
High Sodium Diet

1. Sodium-deficient diet failed to alter development and maintenance of severe renal hypertension produced in the rat by ligation of the aorta between the renal arteries. 2. High sodium diet did not alter the early phase of this hypertension, but significantly decreased blood pressure elevation in the late phases. 3. The decrease in blood pressure produced by high sodium intake does not appear to be mediated by renin suppression. 4. Frusemide effectively reduced blood pressure and renin at all phases.

scholarly journals High Sodium Intake Strengthens the Association of ACE I/D Polymorphism with Blood Pressure in a Community

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 751-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
K YAMAGISHI ◽  
T TANIGAWA ◽  
R CUI ◽  
M TABATA ◽  
A IKEDA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
High Sodium Intake

Sodium restriction can delay the return of hypertension in patients previously well-controlled on drug therapy

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (8) ◽  
pp. 1752-1755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trefor Morgan ◽  
Adrianne Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Response Curve ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Reduce Blood Pressure ◽  
Sodium Restriction ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
High Sodium Intake

Sodium restriction can reduce blood pressure in hypertensive patients. The present study indicates that if hypertension is well controlled then the reemergence of hypertension can be decreased by the use of a reduced sodium intake. The present paper demonstrates that in such patients on a normal salt diet, 90% become hypertensive within 6 months while only 40% of people on a reduced sodium diet become hypertensive. It is proposed that a high sodium intake activates a number of amplifiers that causes a shift of the dose–response curve to sodium to the left and if not prevented or interrupted leads to the development of hypertension.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document